scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI ACTINOMYCETES ASAL DESA CEMPAKA KAPUAS HULU KALIMANTAN BARAT TERHADAP ENTEROPATOGENIK GASTROENTERITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Ihsan Almuhardi ◽  
Antoni Antoni ◽  
Rahmawati Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Nocardia Sp ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

AbstrakAntibiotik yang digunakan secara tidak tepat dapat meningkatkan jumlah bakteri penyebab gastroenteritis yang resisten terhadap antibiotik. Beberapa kelompok mikroorganisme tanah diketahui memiliki potensi menghasilkan senyawa aktif untuk menghambat dan membunuh bakteri patogen, seperti Actinomycetes. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi antibiotik Actinomycetes  terhadap bakteri penyebab gastroenteritis yang diisolasi dari sawah tandus di Desa Cempaka Baru, Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan Barat. Proses penelitian dilakukan dari isolasi Actinomycetes dari sawah tandus, karakterisasi, serta pengujian kemampuan antibiotik terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028 dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 menggunakan metode sumuran pada media Mueller Hinton Agar. Hasil identifikasi berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi koloni, sel, dan biokimia diperoleh 1 isolat bakteri, yaitu genus Nocardia sp. ATS-4.1 yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri-bakteri uji yang dibuktikan adanya rata-rata zona hambat yang terbentuk, yakni 14,51 mm; 16,16 mm; dan 11,10 mm. Hasil uji statistik Friedman diperoleh nilai Asymp. Sig 0,10>0,05, sehingga menunjukkan bahwa pemberian cairan kultur isolat Nocardia ATS-4.1 memberikan pengaruh yang tidak berbeda nyata antara hambatan terhadap bakteri E. coli, S. enterica, dan S. aureus. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa isolat Nocardia sp. ATS-4.1 berpotensi menghasilkan antibakteri yang setara terhadap bakteri E. coli, S. enterica, dan S. aureus penyebab gastroenteritis.Abstract Using antibiotics incorrectly increases the number of resistant bacteria to gastroenteritis. Soil microorganisms are known to have the potential to produce active compounds to inhibit and kill pathogenic bacteria,  for example, Actinomycetes. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of antibiotics Actinomycetes isolated from rice fields in Cempaka Baru, Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan, against gastroenteritis bacteria. The research order was carried out by isolating Actinomycetes from barren rice fields, and then characterizing and testing the ability of antibiotics against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 using the well method on Mueller Hinton Agar. The identification results based on morphological characteristics of colonies, cells and biochemistry showed that one of the bacteria was from genus Nocardia sp. ATS-4.1 which was able to inhibit the three test bacteria by the average inhibition zone 14.51 mm; 16.16 mm; and 11.10 mm, respectively. Friedman’s statistical test resulted in values asymp. sig 0.10>0.05 which showed that the isolate gave inhibition differences insignificantly among the bacteria. In conclusion, isolate Nocardia sp. ATS-4.1 able to produce equal antibacterial activity against bacteria E. coli, S. enterica and S. aureus caused gastroenteritis.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS DE Thimus vulgaris (TOMILHO), Syzygium aromaticum (CRAVO-DA-INDIA) E Rosmarinus officinalis (ALECRIM) E DOS CONSERVANTES BENZOATO DE SÓDIO E SORBATO DE POTÁSSIO EM Escherichia coli E Staphylococcus aureus

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Aparecida Da Silva ◽  
Márcia Maria Dos Anjos ◽  
Suelen Pereira Ruiz ◽  
Lucimara Bergamo Panice ◽  
Jane Martha Graton Mikcha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

Neste trabalho foi avaliada a ação dos óleos essenciais de Thymus vulgaris (tomilho), Syzygium aromaticum (cravo-da-índia) e Rosmarinus officinalis (alecrim) e dos conservantes benzoato de sódio e sorbato de potássio como agentes antimicrobianos. As cepas de Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) e Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) foram utilizadas no teste de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana usando-se a técnica de microdiluição em microplaca de 96 poços para avaliação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e, posteriormente, subcultivo em Mueller Hinton Agar para avaliaçãoda Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM). As concentrações dos óleos e conservantes sintéticos testados variaram de 15,6 a 1000μg/mL. As microdiluições utilizando inóculos bacterianos nas concentrações de 104 UFC/mL foram incubadas a 37ºC/24h. As CIM para os óleos essenciais de cravo, tomilho e alecrim foram de 550, 650 e >1000μg/mL para E. coli e 550, 800 e 1000μg/mL para S. aureus, respectivamente. No entanto, a ação bactericida dos óleos essenciais do cravo-da-índia e do tomilho foi encontrada apenas em relação a E. coli, na concentração de 550 e 850μg/mL, respectivamente. Para os dois conservantes sintéticos testados, a CIM foi >1000μg/mL, portanto não apresentaram atividade antibacteriana contra os microrganismos testados. Trabalhos futuros deverão ser realizados para verifi car a efi ciência dos antimicrobianos naturais anteriormente citados e para avaliar a possibilidade de serem utilizados na indústria de alimentos.   

scholarly journals Emergence of high multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from neonates with infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wu ◽  
Yijun Ding ◽  
Jinjing Zhang ◽  
Kaihu Yao ◽  
Wei Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

Abstract Background Escherichia coli (E.coli) rank one of the most common pathogens that can cause neonatal infections. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a major cause of treatment failure in newborn with infection. The purpose of this study was to describe the antibiotic resistance and multidrug-resistance of E.coli isolated from neonates with infection.Methods The antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the E. coli strains to selected antibiotics was assessed with the E-test technique on the Mueller-Hinton agar. The antimicrobials tests were included ceftazidime, cefuroxime, cefatriaxone, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefoperazone - sulbactam, meropenem, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and sulfonamides. The minimal inhibitory concerntration (MIC) values of the antimicrobial agents selected for this study was determined by an agar dilution technique on Mueller-Hinton agar according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommendations. Results A total of 100 E. coli strains was isolated from phlegm (n = 78), blood (n = 10), cerebrospinal fluid (n = 5), and umbilical discharge (n = 7) of neonates hospitalized at Beijing Children’s Hospital. The highest resistance rate of E.coli was found in amoxicillin at 85%, followed by cefuroxime 65%, and cefatriaxone 60%, respectively. 6% and 5% of all isolates were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefoperazone -sulbactam merely. The resistance rates to ceftazidime, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and sulfonamides were 31%, 20%, 33%, 47%, respectively. All the isolates were susceptible to meropenem. Multidrug resistance was defined in E.coli as resistance to at least three antibiotic families. About 26% (26/100) of all the E.coli isolates were multidrug-resistant. The detection rate of ESBL-Producing E. coli was 55%. The rate in E. coli isolates from phlegm was higher than aseptic humoral. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). It is worth noting that the majority of the isolates were also resistant to non-β-lactam antimicrobial agents, but the resistant rates were significantly lower than extended-spectrum β-lactamases.Conclusions: Multi-drug-resistant E.coli has become a thorny problem in clinical treatment. It is necessary to monitor E. coli resistance.

scholarly journals Atividade antibacteriana de óleos essenciais de plantas frente a linhagens de Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli isoladas de casos clínicos humanos

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T.N. Silva ◽  
P.I. Ushimaru ◽  
L.N. Barbosa ◽  
M.L.R.S. Cunha ◽  
A. Fernandes Junior
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

A ação antibacteriana in vitro de óleos essenciais de seis plantas foi verificada por meio da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM=%v/v) pela diluição dos óleos em meio de cultura Mueller Hinton Agar, frente a linhagens de Staphylococcus aureus (n=16) e Escherichia coli (n=16) isoladas de casos clínicos humanos, além de 1 amostra padrão ATCC para cada espécie (Sa ATCC 25923 e Ec ATCC 25922), e determinação de curvas de sobrevivência em concentrações equivalentes a CIM90% dos respectivos óleos. O óleo essencial de canela foi o mais eficiente, com valores de CIM90% de 0,047 e 0,09 para S. aureus e E. coli respectivamente, enquanto gengibre (0,09), cravo da índia (0,095) e capim cidreira (0,1) apresentaram eficiências semelhantes para S. aureus. Frente a E. coli, os óleos de gengibre (0,52) e capim cidreira (0,55) foram equivalentes quanto à eficiência. De acordo com as curvas de sobrevivência, foi possível verificar também que os valores de CIM90% obtidos podem ser tanto bactericidas ou bacteriostáticas de acordo com a bactéria testada. Em conclusão, verificou-se que os óleos essenciais testados foram efetivos no controle do desenvolvimento bacteriano, sendo o potencial antimicrobiano diferente em função da espécie bacteriana testada, sendo que a bactéria Gram positiva (S. aureus) mostrou-se mais susceptível aos óleos testados que a Gram negativa (E. coli).

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Analysis of Clinical Escherichia coli Isolates in Neonatal Ward

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wu ◽  
Yijun Ding ◽  
Kaihu Yao ◽  
Wei Gao ◽  
Yajuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Test Technique ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

Background:Escherichia coli (E. coli) column for one of the most common pathogens causing neonatal infections. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a major cause of treatment failure in infected newborns. The purpose of this study was to describe antibiotic and multidrug resistance of E. coli strains isolated from neonates with infection throughout the years 2009–2011.Methods: The antimicrobial susceptibility testing of E. coli strains to selected antibiotics was assessed using the E-test technique on the Mueller-Hinton agar. The antimicrobial tests included ceftazidime, cefuroxime, cefatriaxone, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefoperazone- sulbactam, meropenem, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and sulfonamides.Results: A total of 100 E. coli strains were isolated from sputum (n = 78), blood (n = 10), cerebrospinal fluid (n = 5), and umbilical discharge (n = 7) samples of hospitalized neonates at the Beijing Children's Hospital. The highest rate of E. coli resistance was found in amoxicillin (85%), followed by cefuroxime (65%), and cefatriaxone (60%), respectively. A total of 6 and 5% of all isolates were only resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefoperazone -sulbactam. The rates of resistance to ceftazidime, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and sulfonamides were 31, 20, 33, and 47%, respectively. All isolates were susceptible to meropenem. Approximately 26% of all E. coli isolates were multidrug-resistant. The detection rate of ESBL-Producing E. coli was 55%.Conclusions: Multi-drug-resistant E. coli has become an important and complex problem in clinical treatment, and it is thus essential to monitor E. coli resistance in neonates.

EFECTO INHIBITORIO DE EXTRACTOS DE Vitex mollis Kunth CONTRA BACTERIAS Y ESPECIES DE Fusarium DE IMPORTANCIA HUMANA Y AGRÍCOLA

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-363
Author(s):  
Alberto J. Valencia-Botin ◽  
Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí ◽  
Juan A. Morales-Del-Río ◽  
Pedro J. Guerrero-Medina ◽  
Miguel A. Robles-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
E Coli

Actualmente existe la necesidad de hacer frente al problema de la resistencia a los antibióticos y al uso indiscriminado de fungicidas químicos en la agricultura. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto inhibitorio de extractos acuosos, metanólicos, acetónicos y hexánicos de hoja y tallo de Vitex mollis Kunth (Lamiaceae) contra diferentes bacterias (Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Salmonella enterica y Staphylococcus aureus) y especies del hongo Fusarium (F. verticillioides, F. oxysporum, F. tapsinum y F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici) de importancia en la salud y en la agricultura, así como determinar su composición química general. Se determinaron las concentraciones inhibitorias mínimas (CIM) de todos los extractos por la técnica de microdilución, excepto del hexánico, que no presentó inhibición en las bacterias estudiadas. S. enterica fue la bacteria que mostró mayor sensibilidad al extracto metanólico de tallo (CIM = 28 μg mL-1), le siguieron M. luteus (CIM = 32 μg mL-1), S. aureus (CIM = 75 μg mL-1) y E. coli (CIM = 80 μg mL- 1). Los extractos metanólicos y acuosos de tallo presentaron mayor porcentaje de inhibición contra los diferentes tipos de Fusarium evaluados por el método de dilución en agar. Los extractos de V. mollis inhibieron a F. verticillioides entre 62 y 91 % con 120 μg mL-1 de extracto. El orden de las especies de hongos inhibidas por los extractos fue: F. verticillioides > F. oxysporum > F. tapsinum > F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. La composición química de las especies se determinó mediante pruebas para fenoles, taninos, flavonoides, triterpenos, alcaloides, cumarinas y saponinas. Ninguno de los extractos presentó alcaloides y saponinas. Los fenoles (37.1 mg EAG/g muestra seca) y flavonoides (26.8 mg EQ/g muestra seca) fueron los compuestos mayoritarios en los extractos metanólicos y acuosos. En conclusión, se requieren cantidades muy pequeñas de extracto para la inhibición de bacterias y de Fusarium; por lo tanto, V. mollis puede ser considerada una fuente de metabolitos para este fin y en la agricultura como control alternativo dentro de un manejo integrado de enfermedades.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica in the Beef Cattle Production and Processing Continuum

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 713-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Schmidt ◽  
Getahun E. Agga ◽  
Joseph M. Bosilevac ◽  
Dayna M. Brichta-Harhay ◽  
Steven D. Shackelford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beef Processing ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACTSpecific concerns have been raised that third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GCr)Escherichia coli, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant (COTr)E. coli, 3GCrSalmonella enterica, and nalidixic acid-resistant (NALr)S. entericamay be present in cattle production environments, persist through beef processing, and contaminate final products. The prevalences and concentrations of these organisms were determined in feces and hides (at feedlot and processing plant), pre-evisceration carcasses, and final carcasses from three lots of fed cattle (n= 184). The prevalences and concentrations were further determined for strip loins from 103 of the carcasses. 3GCrSalmonellawas detected on 7.6% of hides during processing and was not detected on the final carcasses or strip loins. NALrS. entericawas detected on only one hide. 3GCrE. coliand COTrE. coliwere detected on 100.0% of hides during processing. Concentrations of 3GCrE. coliand COTrE. colion hides were correlated with pre-evisceration carcass contamination. 3GCrE. coliand COTrE. coliwere each detected on only 0.5% of final carcasses and were not detected on strip loins. Five hundred and 42 isolates were screened for extraintestinal pathogenicE. coli(ExPEC) virulence-associated markers. Only two COTrE. coliisolates from hides were ExPEC, indicating that fed cattle products are not a significant source of ExPEC causing human urinary tract infections. The very low prevalences of these organisms on final carcasses and their absence on strip loins demonstrate that current sanitary dressing procedures and processing interventions are effective against antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals ATIVIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA DE MICRORGANISMOS ISOLADOS DE GRÃOS DE KEFIR

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Alves Dias ◽  
Daiani Teixeira Silva ◽  
Cláudio Dias Timm
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli

Resumo Kefir é o produto da fermentação do leite pelos grãos de kefir. Esses grãos contêm uma mistura simbiótica de bactérias e leveduras imersas em uma matriz composta de polissacarídeos e proteínas. Muitos benefícios à saúde humana têm sido atribuídos ao kefir, incluindo atividade antimicrobiana contra bactérias Gram positivas e Gram negativas. A atividade antimicrobiana de 60 microrganismos isolados de grãos de kefir, frente à Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica sorotipos Typhimurium e Enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus e Listeria monocytogenes, foi estudada através do teste do antagonismo. A ação antimicrobiana dos sobrenadantes das bactérias ácido-lácticas que apresentaram atividade no teste do antagonismo foi testada. O experimento foi repetido usando sobrenadantes com pH neutralizado. Salmonella Typhimurium e Enteritidis sobreviveram por 24 horas no kefir em fermentação. E. coli O157:H7, S. aureus e L. monocytogenes foram recuperados até 72 horas após o início da fermentação. Todos os isolados apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana contra pelo menos um dos patógenos usados no teste do antagonismo. Sobrenadantes de 25 isolados apresentaram atividade inibitória e três mantiveram essa atividade com pH neutralizado. As bactérias patogênicas estudadas sobreviveram por tempo superior àquele normalmente utilizado para a fermentação do kefir artesanal, o que caracteriza perigo em potencial para o consumidor quando a matéria-prima não apresentar segurança sanitária. Lactobacillus isolados de grãos de kefir apresentam atividade antimicrobiana contra cepas de E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella sorotipos Typhimurium e Enteritidis, S. aureus e L. monocytogenes além daquela exercida pela diminuição do pH.

scholarly journals PSV-40 Antibacterial activity of sodium chlorate and essential oils against Escherichia coli (F18 and K88) during incubations with porcine fecal bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 295-296
Author(s):  
Jaime Salinas-Chavira ◽  
Robin Anderson ◽  
Elizabeth Latham ◽  
Rafael Cabrera ◽  
Yamicela Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Sodium Chlorate ◽  
Fecal Bacteria ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Fecal Suspension ◽  
Porcine Feces

Abstract In two trials was evaluated the influence of sodium chlorate (SC) and essential oils (EO) on the growth of Escherichia coli F18 and K88 (F18 and K88) incubated with porcine fecal bacteria. The treatments were 2 levels of SC (0 and 10 mM/mL) and 2 levels of Activo® (0 and 1.5%; vol/vol). Activo® (EW Nutrition, Des Moines, IA) is a blend of oregano oil and cinnamon oil (EO) with water and citric acid. In trial one, ½-strength Mueller Hinton broth mixed with porcine feces (0.5% w/vol) was inoculated with a novobiocin and naladixic acid resistant F18-strain. This fecal suspension was transferred to tubes (3/treatment) and anaerobically incubated at 39 oC for enumeration at 0, 6 and 24 h using MacConkey agar supplemented with novobiocin and naladixic acid with aerobic incubation at 37 oC. An interaction (EO x SC) at 6 and 24 was observed (P &lt; 0.01). At 6 and 24 h, EO alone or combined with SC had the lowest counts of F18 (P &lt; 0.05); SC alone had lower counts of F18 than control (P &lt; 0.05). In trial 2 were used the same procedures of trial 1, except that K88 was inoculated in the porcine fecal suspension. There was an interaction at 6 h (P &lt; 0.01) where EO had the lowest counts of K88. The control showed the highest counts of K88 (P &lt; 0.05). There was no interaction at 24 h (P = 0.14). The counts of K88 were reduced by EO (P &lt; 0.01), however the counts were not affected by SC (P = 0.14). It was concluded that SC reduced the counts of E. coli F18, but it had minimal effect on E. coli K88 in the challenged porcine feces; essential oils were effective to reduce the pathogenic bacteria in the porcine feces.

scholarly journals Uji Efek Antibakteri Jamur Endofit Akar Bakau Rhizophora stylosa Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Sumampouw
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
E Coli

Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effect of endophytic fungi originated from the root of mangrove Rhizophora stylosa growing on Mangrove Plantation Area around DAS Simpang 5 Jl. Piere Tendean Manado. The method of this research was using combination of PDA and NA media. Two species of endophytic fungi were extracted from the root of R. stylosa, black mycelium fungi as isolate A and brown mycelium fungi as isolate B. The activities of both isolates were tested against pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The result showed the same inhibition zone of isolate A and B to S. aureus, while, isolate A showed bigger the inhibition zone in comparison to isolate B against E. coli. As a conclusion, the endophytic fungi taken from the root of R. stylosa have antibacterial activity toward S. aureus and E. coli. Keywords: endophytic fungi, Rhizophora stylosa, antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat adanya efek antibakteri dari jamur endofit yang diambil dari akar bakau Rhizophora stylosa yang ditanam di sekitar Perairan Daerah Aliran Sungai Simpang Lima Jl. Piere Tendean Manado. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan kombinasi media Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) dan Nutrient Agar (NA). Dari akar bakau R. stylosa diperoleh dua  jenis jamur endofit yaitu isolat A dengan karateristik miselium jamur berwarna hitam dan isolat B yang dengan karakteristik miselium berwarna coklat. Kedua isolat ini selanjutnya diujikan aktivitasnya terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan isolat A dan B memberikan  zona hambat yang sama terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan pada bakteri Escherichia coli isolat A menunjukkan diameter zona hambat yang lebih besar dibandingkan isolat B. Kesimpulan, Jamur endofit yang diisolasi dari akar bakau R. Stylosa memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dan E. coli. Kata kunci: jamur endofit, Rhizophopra stylosa, antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI SPONS Leucetta chagosensis DARI PERAIRAN PULAU MANTEHAGE SULAWESI UTARA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli

PHARMACON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 834
Author(s):  
Eunike Pelealu ◽  
Defny S. Wewengkang ◽  
Surya Sumantri Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Metabolite Content

ABSTRACTSponges are one of the biota components that make up coral reefs which are quite widely distributed. The metabolite content in the sponge can ward off and inhibit the pathogenic bacteria that interfere with it. This study aims to determine the activity of inhibiting bacterial growth from the extract and fraction of Leucetta chagosensis sponge against the growth of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria. The samples were extracted using the maceration method with 95% ethanol solvent and then fractionated using 3 solvents with different polarity levels, namely methanol, n-hexane and chloroform. Activity test using the disk diffusion agar method of Kirby and Bauer. Only the MeOH fraction was able to inhibit the growth of E. coli bacteria with an average inhibition zone of 6.88 mm. Whereas for S.aureus bacteria extracts and all fractions showed activity to inhibit bacterial growth with an average inhibition zone of EtOH (6.61 mm), CHCI3 (6.68 mm), n-hexane (7.83 mm) and MeOH (8.00 mm), respectively. All activities that are shown are categorized as weak (weak).Keywords: Antibacterial, Leucetta chagosensis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli ABSTRAKSpons merupakan salah satu komponen biota penyusun terumbu karang yang penyebarannya cukup luas. Kandungan metabolit yang ada di dalam spons dapat menangkal dan menghambat bakteri patogen pengganggunya.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat aktivitas menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dari ekstrak dan fraksi spons Leucetta chagosensis. terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Gram positif Staphylococcus aureus dan Gram negatif Escherichia coli. Sampel di ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 95% lalu di fraksinasi dengan menggunakan 3 pelarut dengan tingkat kepolaran yang berbeda yaitu metanol, n-heksan dan kloroform. Uji aktivitas menggunakan metode disk diffusion agar Kirby dan Bauer.  Hanya fraksi MeOH yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E.coli dengan zona hambat rata-rata 6,88 mm. Sedangkan terhadap bakteri S.aureus ekstrak dan semua fraksi menunjukan aktifitas menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dengan rata-rata zona hambat masing-masing EtOH (6,61 mm), CHCl3 (6,68 mm), n-Heksan (7,83 mm), dan MeOH (8,00 mm). Semua aktivitas yang ditunjukan dikategorikan lemah (weak).Kata kunci : Antibakteri, Leucetta chagosensis, Staphylococcus aureus,  Escherichia coli

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