scholarly journals Identification of Housing Crisis in a Confined Settlement: A study of Mohammadpur Geneva Camp

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-142
Author(s):  
Masud Ur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
The Way

Urdu speaking people living in Geneva camp of Dhaka have become a marginally displaced community since 1971. Geneva camp is overcrowded as they have no chance of living outside of the camps because of their statelessness. The camp is a densely-populated settlement and have its own natural physical growth in terms of social and economic transformation day by day. This brings a lot of physical, socio-cultural and economic problems.  Geneva camp is a compact and confined living place for its inhabitants. For many of them it is also income generating place and thus source of their livelihood. It is important to identify the problems of this settlement to take further necessary actions to mitigate those. This study illustrates the housing problems in different domains in the Geneva camp with their attributes. Lack of spaces and other facilities in a low-income settlement have their impact on the way of overall livelihood of the inhabitants. The physical characteristics and other major factors that affect the physical environment of settlement are discussed in this paper.

The Development of Rural People: Myths and Approaches (The Quaid-i-Azam Lecture)

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (4I) ◽  
pp. 379-395
Author(s):  
Mahmood Hasan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Productive Land ◽  
Major Factors

Most rural populations in underdeveloped countries are poor, no matter how one defines poverty. The rural poor are neither a homogeneous group, nor is the incidence of poverty equally distributed among them. They do, however, share the underlying causes of their poverty. Landlessness (or absence of productive land) and poor prospects of employment at low wage rates are among the major factors. In some regions, the natural and physical environment exacerbates the conditions of poverty, even if the poor have reasonable entitlements to land. The prospects of improved living conditions for the rural poor depend on many factors. The major ones seem to be (a) population growth, (b) technical progress, (c) markets, and (d) public policy environment. The contribution of each of these factors is not easy to identify, because they act on the human condition in an interdependent and complex way. In most underdeveloped countries, the forces of market and government policies tend to work against the rural poor.

VHS and the Transitional Phase of Polish Capitalism

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Świrek
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Social Formation ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Broad Audience ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
Transitional Phase ◽  
The Way

The presented article is an attempt to interpret the historical phenomenon of VHS during the economic transformation in Poland. This technology is understood here as an ideological complex, which functioned on three levels: content distributed on videotapes, a business model, and an offer directed to a broad audience. Through films distributed on tape, VHS was a medium of capitalist realism: it showed capitalist social formation as a background for the way in which individuals experience their lives. VHS was also a transitory phenomenon: as a technology, medium of specific content, and practice it has lost popularity towards the end of the phase of capitalism, with which it was tied.

Corruption and Political Order

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazel Gray
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Capital Flight ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Political Settlement ◽  
The Way

This chapter contrasts the way that the political settlement in both countries shaped the pattern of redistribution, reform, and corruption within public finance and the implications that this had for economic transformation. Differences in the impact of corruption on economic transformation can be explained by the way that their political settlements generated distinct patterns of competition and collaboration between economic and political actors. In Vietnam corrupt activities led to investments that were frequently not productive; however, the greater financial discipline imposed by lower-level organizations led to a higher degree of investment overall in Vietnam that supported a more rapid economic transformation under liberalization than in Tanzania. Individuals or small factional networks within the VCP at the local level were, therefore, probably less able to engage in forms of corruption that simply led to capital flight as happened in Tanzania, where local level organizations were significantly weaker.

Markets, Trust, and the Construction of Macro-Organizations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Brunsson ◽  
Ingrid Gustafsson ◽  
Kristina Tamm Hallström
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Stable Solution ◽  
Formal Organizations ◽  
Certification Organizations ◽  
Buying In ◽  
The Way

How can buyers know what they are buying? In many markets this is no trivial problem, particularly for ambitious, contemporary consumers who care about the way a product has been produced and its effects on health or the physical environment. Buyers have little choice but to trust sellers’ descriptions of the origins and effects of the product, which, in turn, evokes the question of how the buyers can trust the sellers. We describe how the problem of trust has justified the production of new formal organizations, such as certification organizations, accreditation organizations, meta-organizations for the accreditation organizations, and meta-meta-organizations for these meta-organizations. In order to create trust in organizations at one level, a new level of organizations has been created for monitoring the lower level. We argue that such a ‘macro-organization’ is unlikely to represent a stable solution, but has inherent tendencies for further growth.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Physical Environment on Intrapartum Maternity Care: Identification of Eight Crucial Building Spaces

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-98
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Setola ◽  
Eletta Naldi ◽  
Grazia Giulia Cocina ◽  
Liv Bodil Eide ◽  
Laura Iannuzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternity Care ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Room Size ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
The Impact

Objectives, Purpose, or Aim: This article investigates whether the physical environment in which childbirth occurs impacts the intrapartum intervention rates and how this might happen. The study explores the spatial physical characteristics that can support the design of spaces to promote the health and well-being of women, their supporters, and maternity care professionals. Background: Medical interventions during childbirth have consequences for the health of women and babies in the immediate and long term. The increase in interventions is multifactorial and may be influenced by the model of care adopted, the relationships between caregivers and the organizational culture, which is made up of many factors, including the built environment. In the field of birth architecture research, there is a gap in the description of the physical characteristics of birth environments that impact users’ health. Method: A scoping review on the topic was performed to understand the direct and indirect impacts of the physical environment on birth intervention rates. Results and Discussion: The findings are organized into three tables reporting the influence that the physical characteristics of a space might have on people’s behaviors, experiences, practices and birth health outcomes. Eight building spaces that require further investigation and research were highlighted: unit layout configuration, midwives’ hub/desk, social room, birth philosophy vectors, configuration of the birth room, size and shape of the birth room, filter, and sensory elements. Conclusions: The findings show the importance of considering the physical environment in maternity care and that further interdisciplinary studies focused on architectural design are needed to enrich the knowledge and evidence on this topic and to develop accurate recommendations for designers.

Analysis on Parking Problem for Residential Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 193-194 ◽  
pp. 1075-1078
Author(s):  
Xue Ying Wang ◽  
Chun Xiang Liu ◽  
Dong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Parking Problem ◽  
Parking Facilities ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Living Area ◽  
The Way

Currently, small car quantity of residents in the our country city is raise year by year.The parking problem of in each city's living area is outstanding day by day. Aimming at the difficult problem of parking the car, The paper analysis the reason for producing it, probes the countermeasures and solutions to the parking problems in residential areas from two aspects of parking index and the way of parking facilities.

scholarly journals Krisis Ekonomi, Kesejahteraan dan Tata Pemerintahan yang Baik : Perspektif Islam

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 83-97
Author(s):  
Winata Wira ◽  
Yudhanto Satyagraha Adiputra
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Governance Reform ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Islamic Countries ◽  
Islamic Economic ◽  
Take All

Lessons from recurring economic crises have been of particular concern to the Islamic world. Mostly Islamic countries are of middle and low-income economies that they had been inevitably suffered from extensively negative consequences caused by economic crisis such as  drastic decline in welfare. The accumulation of under-performance institution and complexity of the prevailing socio-economic problems have made recovery efforts either harder steps to take or even further distances to approach merely the pre-crisis level. Using analysis based on Islamic perspective, this paper seeks to explore on economic crises, welfare and hope for good governance would be as a fundamental resilience in times of crisis. From the elaboration of literature review which encompasses thoughts of a number of Islamic economic thinkers as well as empirical studies, Islamic countries should take all determination in good governance reform as it is directed by Islamic teaching to safeguard intact welfare of the Islamic notion of which consists of ad-din (religion), al-maal (wealths), al-aql (intellect), an-nafs (life), and  an-nasl (posterity).  

scholarly journals Disrupting the Digital: An Architecture of Parts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mollie Claypool ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Digital Fabrication ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Digital Design ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Architecture And Design ◽  
The Way

The paper ascribes to a belief that architecture should be wholly digital – from the scale of the micron and particle to the brick, beam and building, from design to fabrication or construction. This embodies a fundamental and disruptive shift in architecture and design thinking that is unique to the project images included, enabling design to become more inclusive, participatory and open-source. Architecture that is wholly digital requires a radical rethinking of existing design and building practices. Thes projects described in this paper each develops a set of parts in relationship to a specific digital fabrication technology. These parts are defined as open-ended, universal and versatile building blocks, with a digital logic of connectivity. Each physical part has a malefemale connection which is the equivalent of the 0 and 1 in digital data. The design possibilities – or the way that parts can combine and aggregate – can be defined by the geometry and therefore, design agency, of the piece itself. This discrete method advances a theoretical argument about the nature of digital design as needing to be fundamentally discrete, and at the same time responding to ideas coming from open-source, distributed modes methods of production. Furthermore it responds to today’s housing crisis, providing for a more democratic and equitable framework for the production of housing. To think of architecture as wholly digital is to substantially disrupt the way that we think about design, authorship, ownership and process, as well as the building technologies and practices we use in contemporary architectural production.

Environmental and Social Issues in Jordanian Low-Income Housing Design

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abu Al Haija
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Residential Quarters ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Low Income Housing

The relationship between people, environmental circumstances and the cost of projects in Jordan are focal points of this study, where the problem of low-income housing needs is still increasing, having tripled in the last two decades. The shortage of public housing production and the cost of lands and building materials, mainly controlled by private sector investors, are substantial reasons for the housing crisis in a country of poor economic recourses and high percentage of poverty. The Jordanian government decided to aid the poorest class of the population, offering free of charge shelters organized in small residential quarters, which became a prototype diffused throughout all the Jordanian regions. This paper analyzes one of these typical quarters, collecting data through face-to-face interviews with the households using a structured questionnaire. The study focuses on the physical components of the quarter, looking at open spaces, paths, streets, volumes, materials, colors in relation with the environmental context. It also investigates the households' requirements, relationships and preferences. The study discusses also the housing problems at the macro scale level in order to concretely evaluate the shelters' cost, setting some guidelines with respect to the cultural and environmental local conditions.

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