Implementation of Evidence-Based Potentially Better Practices to Decrease Nosocomial Infections

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 111 (Supplement_E1) ◽  
pp. e519-e533
Author(s):  
Howard W. Kilbride ◽  
David D. Wirtschafter ◽  
Richard J. Powers ◽  
Michael B. Sheehan

Objective. Six neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) that are members of the Vermont Oxford National Evidence-Based Quality Improvement Collaborative for Neonatology collaborated to reduce infection rates. There were 7 centers in the original focus group, but 1 center left the collaborative after 1 year. Nosocomial infection is a significant area for improvement in most NICUs. Methods. Six NICUs participating in the Vermont Oxford Network made clinical changes to address 3 areas of consensus: handwashing, line management, and accuracy of diagnosis. The summary statements were widely communicated. Review of the literature, internal assessments, and benchmarking visits all contributed to ideas for change. Results. The principle outcome was the incidence of coagulase-negative staphylococcus bacteremia. There was an observed reduction from 24.6% in 1997 to 16.4% in 2000. Conclusions. The collaborative process for clinical quality improvement can result in effective practice changes.

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 111 (Supplement_E1) ◽  
pp. e504-e518
Author(s):  
Howard W. Kilbride ◽  
Richard Powers ◽  
David D. Wirtschafter ◽  
Michael B. Sheehan ◽  
Dianne S. Charsha ◽  
...  

Objective. Six neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) that are members of the Vermont Oxford National Evidence-Based Quality Improvement Collaborative for Neonatology collaborated to reduce infection rates. There were 7 centers in the original focus group, but 1 center left the collaborative after 1 year. The objective of this study was to develop strategies to decrease nosocomial infection rates in NICUs. Methods. The process included a comprehensive literature review, internal practice analyses, benchmark studies, and development of practical experience through rapid-cycle changes, subsequent analysis, and feedback. This process led to 3 summary statements on potentially better practices in handwashing, approach to nosocomial sepsis evaluations, and central venous catheter management. Results. These statements provide a basis for an evidence-based approach to lowering neonatal intensive care unit nosocomial infection rates. Conclusions. The 2-year process also led to changes in the culture and habits of the institutions involved, which should in turn have long-term effects on other aspects of quality improvement.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  

The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit is a very busy and delicate setting. It is important to delineate if the benefits of sibling bonding outweigh the risk infecting these fragile infants as many NICUs have different policies regarding sibling visitation. In this systematic review of the literature, 9 studies were located using the included using the PRISMA model. Of those, only one determined that sibling visitation increases infection rates, and most found that visitation is psychologically beneficial to the older sibling. Very little research on this topic has been conducted in the 21st century, so the strength of the evidence is questionable. Further research is needed to determine if certain screening protocols, informative posters, or other confounding variables may affect infection rates and skew the data. With this information, NICUs around the world could adopt the most evidence-based visitation policy that is beneficial to the family and the baby.


2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Y Ting ◽  
Vicki SK Goh ◽  
Horacio Osiovich

BACKGROUND: The use of central venous catheters has permitted lifesaving treatment for critically ill neonates; however, the attributable mortality rate for central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) has been estimated to be between 4% and 20%. In 2006/2007, the authors’ neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) had a CLABSI rate that was nearly twofold higher than that reported by other Canadian NICUs.OBJECTIVE: To implement a quality improvement collaborative to reduce the incidence of neonatal CLABSI.METHODS: A retrospective observational study was performed to compare CLABSI in neonates admitted to the authors’ level III NICU between August 2007 and March 2011. The entire study period was divided into four time periods to evaluate secular trends. A comprehensive catheter-related bloodstream infection prevention initiative was implemented in August 2007. The initiatives included staff education, standardization of skin preparation protocol, introduction of new antiseptic agents, implementation of central catheter insertion and maintenance checklists, reinforcement of the use of maximal sterile barrier precautions, and revision of the central catheter configuration and maintenance protocols.RESULTS: The median CLABSI rate of 7.9 per 1000 catheter days at the beginning of the study (period 1 [August 2007 to June 2008]) gradually decreased over the entire study period (P=0.034): period 2 (July 2008 to May 2009), 3.3 per 1000 catheter days; period 3 (June 2009 to April 2010), 2.6 per 1000 catheter days; and period 4 (May 2010 to March 2011), 2.2 per 1000 catheter days.CONCLUSION: A multidisciplinary evidence-based quality improvement collaborative resulted in a significant reduction in the CLABSI rate. Continuous quality improvement measures are required to reduce catheter-related bloodstream infections among low-birth-weight infants.


2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Sawatzky-Dickson ◽  
Karen Bodnaryk

Purpose:To evaluate an evidence-based wound protocol for intravenous extravasation injuries in neonates.Sample:Nine newborns with intravenous extravasation injuries. Birth weight: 582–4,404 gm, gestational age: 24–40 weeks.Results:Five wounds were colonized with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species, two with diphtheroids, three with Enterococcus. There was no evidence of wound infection or systemic infection. Rates of wound healing ranged from one to six weeks.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. s73-s74
Author(s):  
Natalie Schnell ◽  
Lauren DiBiase ◽  
Amy Selimos ◽  
Lisa Stancill ◽  
Shelley Summerlin-Long ◽  
...  

Background: Care bundles comprise evidence-based practices and interventions that are easily and consistently implemented while improving patient outcomes. As patient acuity and task overload continue to increase, infection prevention bundle and process measure compliance and data collection may become a lower priority for registered nurses (RNs). In early 2019, a certified nursing assistant (CNA) began full-time quality liaison work on a 53-bed inpatient adult oncology unit at UNC Medical Center to provide targeted compliance data collection and to correct deficits in real time when possible and within the appropriate scope of practice. Methods: The quality liaison CNA is highly motivated, with a relevant clinical background and effective communication skills. After conducting a gap analysis, the unit developed specific responsibilities for several areas of quality improvement, including infection prevention. In addition to rounding on all patients daily, the quality liaison (1) performs direct patient care tasks like Foley catheter care, (2) conducts patient education on topics such as chlorhexidine gluconate treatments, (3) performs all relevant process measure audits, and (4) easily relays missed or needed care to RNs with a door sign created as part of this initiative. High-risk findings, such as a loose central-line dressing, prompt immediate communication to the RN, with follow-up and escalation when necessary. Results: Patients and staff received the quality liaison well, and the increased attention to care bundle components and auditing ensured consistent, evidence-based care along with accurate and reliable data collection. Compared to the previous calendar year, the number of central-line audits on the unit increased by >1,400 by the end of 2019. Patient outcomes improved, and during 1 fiscal year, the unit achieved rate reductions between 40% and 55% for central-line–associated bloodstream infections, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, and healthcare-associated C. difficile infections. Staffing and logistical challenges imposed by the COVID-19 global pandemic have hampered this work because the quality liaison was redeployed to direct patient care intermittently. Correspondingly, from July to October 2020, the same infection rates increased between 30% and 353%. Conclusions: Having a designated quality liaison is an effective means to achieving quality improvements while remaining an integral member of the patient care team. As staffing has improved on this unit, the quality liaison has refocused efforts, and infection rates are beginning to improve. Given the success of the quality liaison role in improving quality outcomes on this unit, the hospital is exploring expansion of this model to additional units.Funding: NoDisclosures: None


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