Heterogeneous Growth and Mental Development of Intrauterine Growth-Retarded Infants During the First 3 Years of Life

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Villar ◽  
V. Smeriglio ◽  
R. Martorell ◽  
C. H. Brown ◽  
R. E. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Ponderal Index ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Catch Up

Postnatal growth and development were studied in two groups of term infants with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and one group of infants with normal birth weight up to 3 years of age (total sample, 205 infants). Infants with IUGR were classified as having low ponderal index (IUGR-LPI) or adequate ponderal index (IUGR-API). At birth, the two groups of infants with IUGR had similar birth weight, but length and head circumference measurements were significantly different. Overall, the IUGR-API infants remained lighter and shorter and had smaller head circumferences up to 30 months of age. The IUGR-LPI infants experienced catch-up growth in weight during the first months, because of greater fat deposition. At 24 months of age, the IUGR-API infants scored below the others on mental items. At 3 years of age the IUGR-API infants had the lowest values on seven of eight developmental measures and on the composite score; at these two time periods, the group with normal birth weight scored the highest, and the IUGR-LPI infants obtained intermediate values. It is concluded that infanst with IUGR tend to follow postnatal growth and developmental patterns that are associated with their physical characteristics at birth.

scholarly journals Differences in Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 between Appropriate Neonates between Normal Birth Weight and Intrauterine Growth Restriction

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 736-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yessi Ardiani ◽  
Defrin Defrin ◽  
Husna Yetti
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Normal Neonates

BACKGROUND: Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) was defined as the growth of the fetus less than its normal potential growth due to genetic and environmental factors. One of the most widely believed causes of IUGR was impaired uteroplacental mechanism from mother to fetus. Furthermore, factor which was thought to affect placental growth was due to the influence of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP-9) which play an important role in angiogenesis. AIM: This study aims to determine differences in Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and moderately mature Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP-9) between normal birth weight and intrauterine growth restriction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study design was a cross-sectional study at four hospitals in Padang city from August 2017-January 2018. The sample of this study was umbilical cord blood of appropriate gestational age neonate with normal birth weight (31 neonates) and IUGR (31 neonates) by consecutive sampling, samples taken from mothers who meet inclusion criteria. BDNF and MMP-9 levels were analysed by ELISA. The differences between normal birth weight and IUGR test were followed by unpaired T-test. RESULTS: The results showed that BDNF levels in normal neonates was 1.58 ± 0.23 ng/ml and in IUGR neonates were 1.25 ± 0.35 ng/ml (p = 0.001). MMP-9 levels in normal neonates was 1.09 ± 0.20 ng/ml and in IUGR neonates were 1.25 ± 0.35 (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: The conclusion of this study was BDNF of moderately mature neonates was significantly higher in normal birth weight compared to intrauterine growth restriction, and the moderately high MMP-9 neonates were significantly higher in intrauterine growth restriction compared with normal birth weight.

scholarly journals Growth, lung function, and physical activity in schoolchildren who were very-low-birth-weight preterm infants

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Dill Winck ◽  
João Paulo Heinzmann-Filho ◽  
Deise Schumann ◽  
Helen Zatti ◽  
Rita Mattiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Normal Birth

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare somatic growth, lung function, and level of physical activity in schoolchildren who had been very-low-birth-weight preterm infants (VLBWPIs) or normal-birth-weight full-term infants. Methods: We recruited two groups of schoolchildren between 8 and 11 years of age residing in the study catchment area: those who had been VLBWPIs (birth weight < 1,500 g); and those who had been normal-birth-weight full-term infants (controls, birth weight ≥ 2,500 g). Anthropometric and spirometric data were collected from the schoolchildren, who also completed a questionnaire regarding their physical activity. In addition, data regarding the perinatal and neonatal period were collected from the medical records of the VLBWPIs. Results: Of the 93 schoolchildren screened, 48 and 45 were in the VLBWPI and control groups, respectively. No significant differences were found between the groups regarding anthropometric characteristics, nutritional status, or pulmonary function. No associations were found between perinatal/neonatal variables and lung function parameters in the VLBWPI group. Although the difference was not significant, the level of physical activity was slightly higher in the VLBWPI group than in the control group. Conclusions: Among the schoolchildren evaluated here, neither growth nor lung function appear to have been affected by prematurity birth weight, or level of physical activity.

Accelerated senescence in kidneys of low-birth-weight rats after catch-up growth

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (6) ◽  
pp. F1697-F1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie A. Luyckx ◽  
Catharine A. Compston ◽  
Thomas Simmen ◽  
Thomas F. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Catch Up

Epidemiological studies show a strong association between low birth weight and hypertension, renal, and cardiovascular disease, especially after catch-up growth. Senescence is an important contributor to the progression of chronic disease. Developmentally programmed premature senescence may be a link among low birth weight, catch-up growth, and adult disease. Low birth weight was induced by feeding pregnant rats a low-protein diet from day 12 of gestation to 10 days postdelivery. Low- and normal-birth-weight male offspring were weaned onto regular or high-calorie diets to enhance catch-up growth. Kidneys and hearts of offspring were analyzed for RNA and protein markers of stress-induced senescence (p16, p21, p53, Rb). Markers of mitochondrial stress (p66Shc) and activation of endoplasmic reticulum protein secretion (Ero1α) were analyzed as regulators of reactive oxygen species generation. Reactive oxygen species are known to be associated with premature aging. Senescence markers were not different in low- or normal-birth-weight kidneys at birth. During rapid catch-up growth, p16 and p21 increased significantly in low-birth-weight kidneys and hearts ( P < 0.01). Renal p16 levels increased progressively and were significantly higher in low-birth-weight kidneys at 3 and 6 mo ( P ≤ 0.02). Renal p66Shc and Ero1α were significantly higher in low- compared with normal- birth-weight kidneys at 6 mo, suggesting reactive oxygen species generation ( P ≤ 0.03). Low-birth-weight rats exhibit accelerated senescence in kidneys and hearts after rapid catch-up growth, a likely important link between early growth and subsequent hypertension, renal, and cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Profil Sindrom Aspirasi Mekonium pada Bayi Baru Lahir di RSUD Dr. Soetrasno Rembang

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Ahimsa Yoga Anindita ◽  
Dwi Hidayah ◽  
Yulidar Hafidh ◽  
Annang Giri Moelyo ◽  
Mayasari Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Meconium Aspiration ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Minute Apgar Score

<p class="TextAbstract"><strong>Introduction</strong>: The presence of meconium in amniotic fluid occurs in 13% of live births in developing countries. This condition develops when the gestational age increases at delivery. Meconium aspiration syndrome occurs in 5% of newborns in meconium stained amniotic fluid. The aim of this study is to determine the profile of newborns who experience meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) who are treated at Dr. Soetrasno Hospital, Rembang and its outcome.</p><p class="TextAbstract"><strong>Methods</strong>: Prospective study, data were obtained from medical records of Dr. Soetrasno Hospital, Rembang during September to October 2018, on newborns with MAS.</p><p class="TextAbstract"><strong>Results</strong>: Of 12 newborns with MAS were obtained, consisting of 7 (58.3%) male and 5 (41.7%) female. All cases were term infants (gestational age above 37 weeks) and normal birth weight (above 2500 grams). Based on the first minute APGAR score, there were 4 newborns had score 1 and 2, respectively (33.3%). Based on the fifth minute APGAR score, there were 7 newborns had score 3 (58.3%). The outcome of newborns with MAS were 7 alive (58.3%) and 5 died (41.7%).</p><p class="TextAbstract"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: There were 12 newborns suffering from MAS (54.5%) of 22 babies hospitalized at the NICU dr. Soetrasno Hospital Rembang. All newborns with MAS were term infants and normal birth weight. There were 5 newborns with MAS which required invasive mechanical ventilation (intubation) and all died (41.7%).</p><p class="Keywords"> </p>

scholarly journals Differences of the Insulin and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Between Normal Born Weight Baby and Baby With Intrauterine Growth Restriction

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Tiyan Febriyani lestari ◽  
Yusrawati Yusrawati ◽  
Arni Amir
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Normal Birth

Background: Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), is a condition in which the fetal growth rate is less than 10 percentiles. Fetal growth is affected by maternal health and nutrition, the hormone insulin and placenta. Placental development is influenced by the Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF). Insulin deficiency and BDNF can interfere with fetal development.Method: This study used an observational research method, with a comparative cross sectional design. The place of research was conducted at Bayangkara Hospital, Dr. Rasidin, TK.III Reksodiwiryo Hospital, and Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University. Research time starts from October 2017 to January 2018. The sample of this study was 25 normal babies and 25 babies with IUGR. Insulin levels and BDNF were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Test the normality of the data using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Statistical analysis using independent t test.Results: Insulin levels of 13.2 ± 1.7 mIU / L in infants with normal birth weight and 8.5 ± 1.7 mIU / L in infants born with IUGR (p = 0.000) and BDNF levels 1.5 ± 0.2 ng / ml for infants with normal birth weight and 1.4 ± 0.3 ng / ml in infants born with IUGR (p = 0.008).Conclusion Insulin levels and BDNF levels of normal birth weight babies are higher than babies born with IUGR.

scholarly journals Full-term low birth weight infants have differentially hypermethylated DNA related to immune system and organ growth: A comparison with full-term normal birth weight infant

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuyo Hayashi ◽  
Ken Yamaguchi ◽  
Masahiro Sumitomo ◽  
Kenji Takakura ◽  
Narumi Nagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Differentially Methylated Genes

Abstract Objective: Low birth weight (LBW) is a major public health issue as it results in a higher risk of non-communicable diseases throughout life. However, the genome-wide DNA methylation patterns of LBW full-term infants (FT-LBWs) are still unclear. The aim of this exploratory study was to compare differences in DNA methylation between FT-LBWs and normal birth weight full-term infants (FT-NBWs) whose mothers were non-smokers and non-complication. Results: A total of 702 Japanese singleton pregnancies were recruited. The prevalence of preterm LBW and FT-LBW was 3.4% and 6.1%, respectively. Four FT-LBWs and five FT-NBWs were selected, genome-wide DNA methylation analysis including 862,260 methylation CpGs was performed. 483 hyper-differentially methylated genes (DMGs) and 35 hypo-DMGs were identified in FT-LBW promoter regions. Hyper-DMGs were annotated to 11 biological processes; intriguingly, “macrophage differentiation” (e.g., CASP8 ), “apoptotic mitochondrial changes” (e.g., BH3 ) , “nucleotide-excision repair” (e.g., HUS1 ) , and “negative regulation of inflammatory response” (e.g., NLRP12 and SHARPIN ) were included within the “immune system” and “DNA metabolism and repair” categories. EREG was classified into “ovarian cumulus expansion” within the “organism growth and organization” category. Our data implies that LBW itself could be associated with epigenetic modulation regarding immune system and cell mature.

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