Nationwide Survey on Kawasaki Disease in Japan

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yanagawa ◽  
Tomisaku Kawasaki ◽  
Itsuzo Shigematsu
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Sibling Cases

Results of the statistical analysis of a nationwide survey of patients with Kawasaki disease diagnosed within a 2-year 6-month period, from July 1982 to December 1984, are as follows. (1) The cumulative number of patients reported by the end of 1984 was 63,399 (36,891 boys and 26,508 girls; male to female ratio 1.4). (2) There were two epidemic years, 1979 and 1982, in which the numbers of patients were more than twofold that of the previous years. (3) A curve plotted for age-specific incidence rate showed a unimodal peak at age 1 year. (4) Steroid therapy was used for 6.3% of the patients, aspirin for 89.8%, antibiotics for 57.6%, and γ-globulin for 11.4%. (5) The proportion of sibling cases was 1.4% and that of recurrent cases was 3.9% of all cases reported. (6) The incidence of cardiac sequelae in 1 month after disease onset was 17.2%.

Epidemiologic Pictures of Kawasaki Disease in Japan: From the Nationwide Incidence Survey in 1991 and 1992

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yanagawa ◽  
Mayumi Yashiro ◽  
Yosikazu Nakamura ◽  
Tomisaku Kawasaki ◽  
Hirohisa Kato
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Descriptive Epidemiology ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Yearly Incidence ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Questionnaire Form

Objective. Since 1970, twelve nationwide epidemiologic surveys of Kawasaki disease (KD) have been conducted throughout Japan every two years to describe KD in Japan. By the end of 1992, a total of 116 848 cases were reported. This paper summarizes the statistical analysis of the latest survey for the 2-year period from January 1991 through December 1992. Method. A questionnaire form and diagnostic guidelines for KD were sent to all pediatric departments of hospitals with 100 or more beds throughout Japan and information was obtained on patients with KD diagnosed during the 2-year period from January 1991 through December 1992. Results. The summary of the results is: 1) the number of patients reported was 11 221 (6604 males and 4617 females; male/female ratio = 1.43) with a yearly incidence rate of 90 per 100 000 children <5 years old; 2) the monthly number of patients was higher in winter and summer, although the monthly difference was not marked; 3) age-specific incidence rates showed a unimodal peak at 1 year of age; 4) the proportion of patients with a family history of KD in a sibling was 1%; 5) the proportion of recurrent patients was 3%; 6) the proportion of patients with cardiac sequelae 1 month after disease onset was 13%; and 7) the number of patients who died was 9, which conforms to 0.08% of total patients. Conclusion. The incidence rates of KD in Japan are ten times higher than those reported in western countries and almost constant over 6 years. The descriptive epidemiology of the disease, which supports the infection theory, does not change for years.

scholarly journals Prevalence of IgG4-Related Disease in Japan Based on Nationwide Survey in 2009

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazushige Uchida ◽  
Atsushi Masamune ◽  
Tooru Shimosegawa ◽  
Kazuichi Okazaki
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Autoimmune Pancreatitis ◽  
Retroperitoneal Fibrosis ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Igg4 Related Disease ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The number of patients with autoimmune pancreatitis who visited hospitals in Japan in 2007 was approximately 2709 (95% confidence interval; range 2540–3040). Because IgG4-related disease is a new clinical entity, there are no data with regard to its prevalence. To estimate the number of patients with IgG4-related disease in Japan, we randomly selected hospitals using stratification and asked them how many patients they had with IgG4-related disease in 2009. The number of patients with Mikulicz’s disease, IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis, IgG4-related renal disease, IgG4-related pulmonary disease, and IgG4-related lymphadenopathy who visited hospitals in Japan in 2009 was approximately 4304 (95% confidence interval; range 3360–5048), 272 (95% confidence interval; range 264–306), 57 (95% confidence interval; range 47–66), 354 (95% confidence interval; range 283–424), and 203 (95% confidence interval; range 187–240), respectively. The total number of patients with IgG4-related disease without autoimmune pancreatitis in Japan was approximately 5190 (95% confidence interval; range 4141–6084). The male : female ratio was 1 : 0.77, and the average of age of disease onset was 58.8 years. The total number of patients with IgG4-related disease in Japan in 2009, including autoimmune pancreatitis, was approximately 8000.

Changes in Profiles of Kawasaki Disease Noted over Time in Suzhou, China

Cardiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Sun ◽  
Yunjia Tang ◽  
Ye Wang ◽  
Guanghui Qian ◽  
Wenhua Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Immunoglobulin Treatment ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
Male To Female

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to explore the changes in epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics of Kawasaki disease (KD) over a 12-year period in this area. Methods: The medical records of KD patients hospitalized in the Children’s Hospital of Soochow University from January 2006 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. To elucidate the changes more clearly in these years, we divided all patients into three groups according to the time of admission, 5-year time intervals apart. Results: We found the number of KD had increased in recent years, although the age compositions had some variances. The male-to-female ratio peaked in patients aged 6–11 months and then decreased with ages. Incidence rates of clinical characteristics were almost the same except for cervical lymphadenopathy. Significant differences were noted in percentage of neutrophils, albumin, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and platelets. However, only ESR and platelets were significantly different after adjusting the days of disease onset. A trend showing a shorter fever duration before intravenous immunoglobulin treatment was also noted. Conclusions: The number of KD was increasing annually. Our results were indicative of a possibly changed etiology of the disease. However, further large-scale long-term surveillance is warranted.

scholarly journals OUTCOME OF DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY WITH OR WITHOUT SILICON INTUBATION IN PRIMARY NASOLACRIMAL DUCT OBSTRUCTION

1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Haroon Rashid ◽  
Faizur Rahman ◽  
Abid Naseem ◽  
Arshad Iqbal.
Keyword(s):  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Duct Obstruction ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Silicon Tube ◽  
Complications Rate ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male To Female

Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare the outcome of Classical Dacrocystorhinostomy(DCR) alone or with Slicon intubation in patients of primary nasolacrimal duct obstruction.Study design: This is a randomized prospective interventional study performed at Saidu Teaching Hospitalform from 1st January'2006 to 31st December 2006.Material and methods: Diagnosis of nasolacrimal duct obstruction was made on basis of history, clinicalexamination, regurgitation test and syringing of the nasolacrimal passage. Patients were selected byconvenient sampling and were randomized to two groups, for DCR with and without Silicon tube. Silicontube was removed after 4 months of surgery. Patients were followed up to 6 months.Results: Total number of patients was one hundred. Fifty (50%) patients were operated with siliconintubation and 50 (50%) without silicon intubation. Male to female ratio was 1:1.27.Age range was 15 yearsto 80 years. Mean, median and mode ages were 42.54, 47 and 30 years respectively. Eleven patients werelost from the study at various stages and were not included in the results of the study. The complicationsnoted were silicon tube loss in 2 cases, silicon tube displacement in 3 cases and DCR failure in 4 cases.Among the failure, 2 cases belonged to each group with and without silicon intubation.Conclusions: We conclude that the complications rate with and without silicon intubation is the same inprimary nasolacrimal duct obstruction. It is therefore, recommended that silicon intubation may not benecessary in such cases.Key words: DCR, Intubation, NLD Obstruction.

scholarly journals Accuracy of GRK-2200T Auto-refkeratometer in Subjective Acceptance for Refractive Errors

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 645-648
Author(s):  
Bishwa Nath Adhikari ◽  
Pramod Sharma Gautam ◽  
Shishu Upadhyay ◽  
Uday Chandra Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Spherical Component ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Day By Day

Introduction: Globally, the most common cause for diminution of vision is refractive errors and the number of patients with refractive errors is increasing day by day. The Auto-refraction (AR) is quick and patient friendly procedure as compared to retinoscopy and subjective refraction in finding out refractive errors. Hence, the accuracy of Auto-refractometer in terms of subjective acceptance (SA) should be taken into account before prescribing optical correction based on findings of that particular model of Auto-refractometer. So, this study is directed towards analysis of the accuracy of GRK-2200T Auto-retieratometer in terms of acceptance by comparing findings of AR with that of SC. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the refractive status of patient's eyes using auto refractometer (GRK-2200T auto-retierato meter) and to estimate the agreement of it in terms of accuracy in acceptance of subjective correction by the patient. Methodology: A hospital based prospective comparative study conducted on 226 eyes of 113 patients who visited out-patient department (OPD) of Ophthalmology at Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital (NoMCTH), Biratnagar diagnosed with Myopia, Hyperopia and Astigmatism. Duration of study was 4 months from 2nd October, 2018 to 2nd February, 2019. All data thus collected was subjected to statistical analysis by using SPSS version 22. Result The mean age of the study subjects was 26.91±7.79 years with male to female ratio of 0.47. When spherical power, cylindrical power and the axis are taken into consideration together, only 13.3% of the total tested eyes subjectively accepted the AR values unchanged. On subjective correction, 32.7% of the tested eyes accepted spherical power while 46.5% accepted cylindrical power and 50.9% accepted axis of AR unchanged. About 52.2% of the total eyes examined fall within the deviation of spherical equivalent (SE) of ±o.25D and up to 67.3% of them fall within the deviation of ±o.50D. Conclusion The auto refraction by GRK-2200T auto-retieratometer was found to be satisfactory for a preliminary refraction but not satisfactory as substitutes for conventional subjective refraction. However, auto refraction values obtained by GRK-2200T auto-retieratometer could be important in order to accurately prescribe the cylindrical power as well as its axis than the spherical component.

Incidence and pattern of leukemia in Bhutanese population: a retrospective analysis of eight years (January 2008 to December 2015)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Kuenzang Dorji ◽  
Krishna Prasad Sharma ◽  
Rinzin Jamtsho ◽  
Puja Devi Samal ◽  
Dorji Wangchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Haematological Malignancies ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
National Referral Hospital

Introduction: The burden of haematological malignancies in developing countries is on the rise. This burden may be further aggravated in Bhutan due to the aging population and rapid modernization of the nation. Despite this, there is a paucity of information about the incidence and pattern of leukemia in the Bhutanese population. In this retrospective study, we aim to investigate the incidence and pattern of leukemia in Bhutan using a database of leukemia diagnosed at Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan from January 2008 to December 2015. Methods: The diagnoses and classification of leukemias were based on the morphology of blood cells on peripheral blood and bone marrow smears. The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics. The age-standardized incidence rate per 100,000 populations and its 95% confidence interval was calculated to assess the statistical significance. Results: In total 118 patients were diagnosed with leukemia over the period of eight years. Leukemia was found to be more frequent in male (51.69%) compared to female (48.30%) with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1. Acute leukemia accounted for 66.95% of all leukemia case diagnosed, whereas chronic leukemia accounted for only 33.05% of the cases. The average, annual, age-standardized incidence rate of leukemia per 100,000 population was 2.30 (95% CI: 1.87-2.73). Conclusions: The incidence and pattern of leukemia in the Bhutanese population is similar to other published literature. Leukemia is not uncommon in the Bhutanese population, thus additional studies on risk factors for leukemia in the Bhutanese population is necessary.

scholarly journals The Spectrum of Gastroenteritis at the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic,. Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of North Sumatera in 1982

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Taheng Sebayang ◽  
Atan Baas Sinuhaji ◽  
Tyahaya Bangun ◽  
Manihar D. Marbun ◽  
A. H. Sutanto
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
Male To Female

The number of children attending the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic of Pirngadi Hospital, Medan, during 1982 was 15.375. Out of these, 1246 (8.1%) had gastroenteritis. Most of the patients (1046 or 83.94%) were under two years old. The male to female ratio was 1.6: I. The peak incidence for allendance was in January, April, and May. Of 1057 patients under  five years old, 383 (36.2%) also had malnutrition. The highest percentage (70. 75%) of those who had malnutrition was found in the I to 2 years age group. Of 370 patients whose Hb level was examined, 185 (50%) had anemia. The highest percentage (67.02%) was in the below 1 year group. Only 360 (28.8%) of gastroenteritis cases received oral rehydration solution. There were 23 (1.85%) cases in which diarrhea lasted longer than 7 days. The number of patients admitted to the ward was 213 (17.07%), and the highest percentage was in the above 3 years age group. The largest number of hospitalized patients was in January (43), February (21), and April (28); while the highest percentage was in April (20.40%), June (21.42%) and August (31.42%). Peak rainfall in Medan during 1982 was in October, November, and December, i.e. much 322.2 mmm,  366.4 and 382 mm, respectively.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Psychiatric Outpatients: A Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic Study in General Hospitals From China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenli He ◽  
Danhong Xu ◽  
Jiafeng Wang ◽  
Yuze Shen ◽  
Zheng Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Age Group ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Psychiatric Outpatient ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male To Female

Abstract BackgroundLittle is known about the gender characteristics and the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) impact on psychiatric department outpatients in general hospitals in China. MethodsWe retrospectively collected 225,947 outpatient clinic records before and during COVID-19 pandemic from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020 in the psychiatric clinic of 3 general hospitals, gender composition of patients was analyzed in different five age groups and nine diagnostic categories at three levels: total patient visits, number of patients and number of first-visit patients. ResultsThe total male-to-female ratio of psychiatric outpatient records in 3 general hospitals from 2019 to 2020 was 1:1.69. Women were more common in all age groups and the male-to-female ratio of 2020 was expanded compared to that of 2019, especially in age group below 34 years old and anxiety disorders category. Most mental disorders showed higher demands for females than that for males except Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use with the male-to-female ratio was 1:0.05. Compared to 2019, the proportions of women were expanded especially in age group below 34 years old, and anxiety disorder and undetermined diagnosis categories were significantly increased in 2020. ConclusionsThe demand for female psychiatric outpatient services is obviously higher than that for males. It is necessary to pay more attention to explore targeted mechanism or psychosocial service strategy for female patients with mental disorders. Trial registration: ChiCTR2100044894, March 31,2021 retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals 1261Epidemiology of Kawasaki disease in Japan, 2017–2018: results from the nationwide survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryusuke Ae ◽  
Nobuko Makino ◽  
Koki Kosami ◽  
Yuri Matsubara ◽  
Yosikazu Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Epidemiologic Characteristics

Abstract Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common cause of acquired pediatric heart disease in developed countries. The study aimed to summarize the epidemiologic characteristics, treatments, and cardiac complications of KD, using data from the nationwide survey in Japan. Methods The nationwide survey in Japan has been conducted biennially since 1970. The survey respondents were hospitals specializing in pediatrics and those with ≥100 beds and a pediatric department throughout Japan, where KD patients were eventually hospitalized. The most recent survey was completed in 2019, obtaining information for patients who developed KD during 2017–2018. Results The survey identified 32528 KD patients, which comprised 15164 (47%) in 2017 and 17364 (53%) in 2018. The highest annual incidence rate was recorded in 2018 (359 per 100,000 children aged 0–4 years). After 1982, patients with ≤4 principal KD signs increased, resulting in 6847 (21%) patients diagnosed during 2017–2018. Among 30784 patients who received initial intravenous immunoglobulin administration, 6061 (20%) did not respond. Within 30 days of KD onset, 9.0% of patients were diagnosed with cardiac complications, and consequently, 2.6% of patients developed cardiac sequelae after the acute illness. Conclusions The annual number of patients developing KD in Japan increased from 1970 through 2018, while the proportion of KD patients with cardiac complications decreased. Recent advances in KD treatments might have contributed to preventing the development of cardiac complications. Key messages We analyzed large-scale data and summarized the epidemiologic characteristics, treatments, and cardiac complications of KD in Japan.

scholarly journals Angiographic characteristics of contralateral asymptomatic eyes in acute Central serous chorio-retinopathy in an Asian population

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Rajya L Gurung ◽  
Afaque Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Serous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Systemic Steroid ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Angiographic Evidence ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Acute Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is characterised by an idiopathic circumscribed serous retinal detachment, usually confined to the central macula. Aims and Objective: We aimed to analyse the angiographic characteristics of contra-lateral asymptomatic eyes of  patients presenting with acute CSCR in an Asian population. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of 70 consecutive patients presenting with acute CSCR who underwent detailed fundus evaluation and fluorescein angiography within 1 year period. Results: Fluorescein angiograms of 70 patients were analysed . Male to female ratio was 10.66 : 1. The age range of patients was ( 24-54 ) years , median 37 years and mean age  38.37 years with standard deviation 6.78 . Active tobacco use was found in 34 (48.6%) eyes and  systemic steroid use in 2 (2.8%) eyes. Majority, 48 (34.3% ) of symptomatic and all 70(100% ) of contralateral asymptomatic eyes had presenting best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) of  ≥ 20/60.  All 70 (100%) of symptomatic eyes had angiographic evidence of leakage in comparison to only 25(35.7%) of contralateral asymptomatic eyes.  Multi-focal leakage was seen in 21 (30%) of symptomatic eyes and 6(8%) of asymptomatic eyes , inkblot  leakage  pattern being the most common in seen in 57 (81.4%) of  symptomatic and 16 (22.8%) of asymptomatic  eyes.  The most common site of leakage was central seen in 62 (88.5%) of symptomatic eyes and 19 (27.1%) of contralateral asymptomatic eyes. Conclusion: The findings in our study was comparable to other Asian studies.  A considerable number of patients had angiographic evidence of CSCR in the contralateral  asymptomatic eye. 

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