scholarly journals Gender Differences in Psychiatric Outpatients: A Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic Study in General Hospitals From China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenli He ◽  
Danhong Xu ◽  
Jiafeng Wang ◽  
Yuze Shen ◽  
Zheng Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Age Group ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Psychiatric Outpatient ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male To Female

Abstract BackgroundLittle is known about the gender characteristics and the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) impact on psychiatric department outpatients in general hospitals in China. MethodsWe retrospectively collected 225,947 outpatient clinic records before and during COVID-19 pandemic from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020 in the psychiatric clinic of 3 general hospitals, gender composition of patients was analyzed in different five age groups and nine diagnostic categories at three levels: total patient visits, number of patients and number of first-visit patients. ResultsThe total male-to-female ratio of psychiatric outpatient records in 3 general hospitals from 2019 to 2020 was 1:1.69. Women were more common in all age groups and the male-to-female ratio of 2020 was expanded compared to that of 2019, especially in age group below 34 years old and anxiety disorders category. Most mental disorders showed higher demands for females than that for males except Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use with the male-to-female ratio was 1:0.05. Compared to 2019, the proportions of women were expanded especially in age group below 34 years old, and anxiety disorder and undetermined diagnosis categories were significantly increased in 2020. ConclusionsThe demand for female psychiatric outpatient services is obviously higher than that for males. It is necessary to pay more attention to explore targeted mechanism or psychosocial service strategy for female patients with mental disorders. Trial registration: ChiCTR2100044894, March 31,2021 retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Adrenocortical carcinoma’s incidence and mortality in central Serbia

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Milan Jovanovic ◽  
Vladan Zivaljevic ◽  
Aleksandar Diklic ◽  
Nikola Slijepcevic ◽  
Katarina Tausanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
World Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Adrenocortical Carcinomas ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Sixth Decade

Introduction/Objective. Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) are very rare tumors with grave prognosis despite multimodal treatment. The aim of our study was to determine the incidence and mortality of ACCs in Central Serbia. Methods. The study period was from 1999 to 2012. We used data from the Cancer Registry of Central Serbia. Incidence and mortality rates were sex- and age-standardized according to Segi?s world population. Results. In the defined period of the study, 128 patients with a diagnosis of ACC were registered and the female-to-male ratio was 1.3:1. The median age of affected individuals was 42.3 years. There were two main age peaks ? one in childhood (0?9 years), and the other in the fifth and sixth decade of life. In this period, the average standardized incidence rate of ACC amounted to two per million people with slightly increasing trend. The largest number of male patients with ACC (22; 39.2%) was registered in the age group of 0?9 years, while the largest number of patients in females was shown to be in the age group of 40?49 years (29; 40.3%). During the study period, there were 35 deaths registered in patients with ACC (mean age of 61.2 years). The average mortality rate of ACC was 0.3 per million people. The male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. Most fatal outcomes were registered in the age groups of 50?59 and 60?69 years, so 91.4% of all deaths took place in the age groups 50+. Conclusion. ACC is an extremely rare tumor that occurs more often in women than in men. However, fatal outcomes occur more frequently in males.

scholarly journals Ascitic Fluid Cytology Seen in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
CC Nwafor ◽  
K Obioha ◽  
TO Akhiwu
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Fluid Cytology

Ascites is a symptom that can originate due to diverse pathologies. A lot of investigations including ascitic fluid cytology (AFC) can be done on it to help determine its origin. The aim of this study, is to document the findings and highlight the importance of AFC in patient care in Uyo. All AFC reports and slides in the Department of Histopathology, University of Uyo were retrieved, reviewed and used for this study. The age ranged from 1.5 – 80 years with mean age, 41.79 (±17.23) years. About 71.8% of the ascitic fluid (AF) specimens were from patients between the 3rd and 6th decade. Females predominated in all age groups expect 10-19 year's group, with a male to female sex ratio of 1:2.4. Malignant cells were seen in 28.7% of all the samples, while 51.2% were negative for malignant cells. Malignant cells were seen in 4 (6.7%), 11 (18.3%) and 6 (10%) of the AFC performed due to various liver pathologies, ovarian malignancies and intra-abdominal malignancies respectively. Malignant cells were found more in females with a male to female ratio of 1: 3.6. Age group 40-49 years accounted for most of the malignant cases (26.6%). The pattern of AFC in Uyo is similar to the pattern in other parts of Nigeria

scholarly journals The Spectrum of Gastroenteritis at the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic,. Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of North Sumatera in 1982

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Taheng Sebayang ◽  
Atan Baas Sinuhaji ◽  
Tyahaya Bangun ◽  
Manihar D. Marbun ◽  
A. H. Sutanto
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
Male To Female

The number of children attending the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic of Pirngadi Hospital, Medan, during 1982 was 15.375. Out of these, 1246 (8.1%) had gastroenteritis. Most of the patients (1046 or 83.94%) were under two years old. The male to female ratio was 1.6: I. The peak incidence for allendance was in January, April, and May. Of 1057 patients under  five years old, 383 (36.2%) also had malnutrition. The highest percentage (70. 75%) of those who had malnutrition was found in the I to 2 years age group. Of 370 patients whose Hb level was examined, 185 (50%) had anemia. The highest percentage (67.02%) was in the below 1 year group. Only 360 (28.8%) of gastroenteritis cases received oral rehydration solution. There were 23 (1.85%) cases in which diarrhea lasted longer than 7 days. The number of patients admitted to the ward was 213 (17.07%), and the highest percentage was in the above 3 years age group. The largest number of hospitalized patients was in January (43), February (21), and April (28); while the highest percentage was in April (20.40%), June (21.42%) and August (31.42%). Peak rainfall in Medan during 1982 was in October, November, and December, i.e. much 322.2 mmm,  366.4 and 382 mm, respectively.

scholarly journals A study on clinical characteristics of herpes zoster in a tertiary care center

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Rachana R. ◽  
Shivaswamy K. N. ◽  
Anuradha H. V.
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male To Female

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Herpes zoster (HZ), also known as shingles, derived from the Latin word Cingulum, for “girdle”. This is because a common presentation of HZ involves a unilateral rash that can wrap around the waist or torso like a girdle. HZ results due to reactivation of an earlier latent infection with the varicella zoster virus (VZV) in dorsal root ganglia. It occurs at all age groups, common over 60 years of age. It is estimated that in non-immune populations, approximately 15 cases per 1000 people occur per year. The objective of the study was to study the clinical characteristics in patients with uncomplicated herpes zoster.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 72 patients attending dermatology OPD at Ramaiah medical college between June 2013 to September 2014 were recruited after obtaining informed consent. A detailed history regarding onset of rash, pain, progression, duration and distribution of the lesions were recorded. Demographic information including age, sex, and any other co morbidities noted. Tzanck smear and serology for HIV was done where-ever necessary.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Of the 72 patients, females outnumbered males [M=35(48.61%), F=37 (51.39%)] with male to female ratio of 0.9 to 1. The mean age of presentation was 58±18 years. Majority of the patients (54%) were in the age group of 51 to 70 years followed by 31-50 years (25%). Least number of cases (9%) was in the age group of 21 to 30 years. Of the 72 subjects, thoracic involvement was noted in 30.6%, followed by lumbar (22%), and trigeminal (16%). Cervical (4%) and sacral (2%) involvement was the least. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Herpes zoster commonly occurs in old age and the presenting symptom being pain and burning sensation. Thoracic dermatome is the commonest site. Immunocompromised states like diabetes, malignancy and HIV can increase the risk of developing herpes zoster.</span></p>

scholarly journals Correlation of patient's mental attitude with age, sex, and educational level: A survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 023-028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta Choudhary ◽  
Ajit Kumar ◽  
Himanshu Arora
Keyword(s):  
College Graduates ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Oral Rehabilitation ◽  
Mental Attitude ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Patient Cooperation ◽  
Male To Female

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to determine any relationship, if exists, between the patient's mental attitude with age, sex, or educational qualification. Methods: A total of 200 patients who attended the outpatient department during a span of 1 year, for the fabrication of new complete dentures, were chosen for the study. After completing a routine case history and examination, a questionnaire was filled by the clinician as answered by the patient. Participants were evaluated and categorized based on the questionnaire and clinical experience during treatment according to a predefined classification of determining mental attitudes. Outcomes from the survey were correlated with participant gender, age, and educational status. Results: The male to female ratio was 83:117, out of the 200 enrolled participants. The results from the questionnaire showed that females were found to be more exacting (P = 0.007) in nature, while males, on the other hand, revealed more indifferent attitude (P = 0.02); both differences being statistically significant. Of the three age group categories: Participants in the age group of 45–54 years revealed a significant inclination toward an exacting attitude when compared with other age groups (P < 0.001). In regards to educational status, an illiterate or minimally educated group significantly outnumbered the college graduates in the indifferent attitude group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it could be said that the mental attitudes of patients could vary according to gender, age, and educational status, which could affect patient cooperation and satisfaction with oral rehabilitation, eventually manipulating the overall success of the treatment rendered.

scholarly journals Sex differences in the case-fatality rates for COVID-19—A comparison of the age-related differences and consistency over seven countries

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250523
Author(s):  
Manfred S. Green ◽  
Dorit Nitzan ◽  
Naama Schwartz ◽  
Yaron Niv ◽  
Victoria Peer
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Male To Female

Background Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, it was noted that males seemed to have higher case-fatality rates than females. We examined the magnitude and consistency of the sex differences in age-specific case-fatality rates (CFRs) in seven countries. Methods Data on the cases and deaths from COVID-19, by sex and age group, were extracted from the national official agencies from Denmark, England, Israel, Italy, Spain, Canada and Mexico. Age-specific CFRs were computed for males and females separately. The ratio of the male to female CFRs were computed and meta-analytic methods were used to obtained pooled estimates of the male to female ratio of the CFRs over the seven countries, for all age-groups. Meta-regression and sensitivity analysis were conducted to evaluate the age and country contribution to differences. Results The CFRs were consistently higher in males at all ages. The pooled M:F CFR ratios were 1.71, 1.88, 2.11, 2.11, 1.84, 1.78 and 1.49, for ages 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, 80+ respectively. In meta-regression, age group and country were associated with the heterogeneity in the CFR ratios. Conclusions The sex differences in the age-specific CFRs are intriguing. Sex differences in the incidence and mortality have been found in many infectious diseases. For COVID-19, factors such as sex differences in the prevalence of underlying diseases may play a part in the CFR differences. However, the consistently greater case-fatality rates in males at all ages suggests that sex-related factors impact on the natural history of the disease. This could provide important clues as to the mechanisms underlying the severity of COVID-19 in some patients.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Overview: The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Flow Rate of Orthopedic Truama Cases in Kuwait

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 573-578
Author(s):  
Saleh Alsaifi ◽  
Ahmad Boskandar ◽  
Saleh Alkhaldi ◽  
Aliaa Khaja ◽  
Meshal Alhadhoud
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Spine Fractures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Orthopedic Injuries ◽  
Male To Female

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has led many countries to carry out a range of restrictions ranging from social distancing rules to full national lockdowns. The main aim of this study was to compare the flow rates of orthopaedic trauma injuries in Kuwait prior to the partial lockdown and during the curfew period. Method: Patient records for 641 isolated traumatic orthopedic injuries were collected pre and post the nationwide enforced partial curfew. The data was collected from the registries of 3 major orthopedic centers in the country. These hospitals cover a total of about 5 million people. Results: Hospitals of Kuwait received 356 patients in March-April of 2019 and 285 in the same months of 2020 during the curfew period. A slight decrease in the flow of orthopedic injuries was noted in the curfew period, but not a statistically significant one. Male to female ratio remained the same for both groups as well as the ratio for age groups. Femur fractures in the 2020 group were slightly higher and spine fractures were slightly lower than they were in 2019. Conclusion: A slight decrease in the number of patients who had orthopedic traumatic injuries was noted during the COVID-19 enforced partial curfew period. The decreased rate however, was not statistically significant.

scholarly journals A demographic study of urolithiasis in patients attending tertiary urological hospital in Dibrugarh, Assam, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Prakritee Sandilya ◽  
Prakritee Sandilya
Keyword(s):  
Common Disease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Disease Entity ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The World ◽  
Demographic Study ◽  
Male Preponderance ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Urolithiasis is a common disease entity seen in medical practice. Various studies from different areas of the world indicates higher male preponderance. Our study was done to find out the gender, age and area of distribution of Urolithiasis in a tertiary urology centre in upper Assam.Methods: Our study was a retrospective study done between January 2018 to June 2018. Data was collected from the records. A total of 1041 patients were examined during this period, out of which 307 patients were diagnosed and treated for urolithiasis.Results: Out of 307 patients, 228 were males and 79 were females. Male to female ratio was 2.9:1. The maximum number of patients in the age group was between 30-39 years. Majority of the patients were from the Dibrugarh district of upper Assam. Most of the positive urolithiasis cases was fund in patients consuming a non-vegetarian diet.Conclusions: Urolithiasis is a disease with preponderance in adult males. Geographical distribution, age and diet are factors that affect the occurrence of the disease.

scholarly journals Retinoblastoma; bone marrow infiltration - A study of 30 cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Khurshid ◽  
Samina Naeem ◽  
Faiza Bashir ◽  
Ayyaz Lone ◽  
Noman Aslam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Involvement ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Blood Examination ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male To Female

Thirty patients of Retinoblastoma presenting in the Haematology Department of King Edward Medical College, Lahore were included in the study to find out the bone marrow involvement. The patients underwent bone marrow aspiration and peripheral blood examination was also done. The aspirates were screened for the presence of tumor cells. Of the patients studied 21(70%) were males while 9(30%) were females giving a male to female ratio of 2.8:1. Maximum number of patients were in the 2-3years age group. Twenty seven patients had unilateral Retinoblastomas while three patients had bilateral disease at presentation. The bone marrow of three patients showed presence of tumor cells.

scholarly journals The male excess case-fatality rates for COVID-19 – A meta-analytic study of the age-related differences and consistency over six countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred S Green ◽  
Naama Schwartz ◽  
Dorit Nitzan ◽  
Victoria Peer
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Male To Female

AbstractBackgroundEarly in the COVID-19 pandemic, it was noted that males seemed to be more affected than females. We examined the magnitude and consistency of the sex differences in age-specific case-fatality rates (CFRs) in six countries.MethodsData on the cases and deaths from COVID-19, by sex and age group, were extracted from the published reports from Denmark, England, Israel, Italy, Spain, and the United States. Age-specific CFRs were computed for males and females separately. The ratio of the male to female CFRs were computed and meta-analytic methods were used to obtained pooled estimates of the male to female ratio of the CFRs over the six countries, for seven age-groups.FindingsThe CFRs were consistently higher in males at all ages. The differences were greater in the younger age groups. The pooled M:F CFR ratios were 2.53, 2.92, 2.57, 1.83, 1.57, 1.58 and 1.48 for ages 0-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, 80-89 and 90+. There was remarkable consistency between countries in the magnitude of the M:F CFRs, in each age group. In meta-regression, age group explained almost all the heterogeneity in the CFR ratios.ConclusionsThe sex differences in the CFRs are intriguing and are compatible with the male dominance in the incidence rates of many infectious diseases. For COVID-19, factors such as sex differences in the prevalence of underlying diseases may play a part in the CFR differences. However, the greater severity of the disease in males, particularly at younger ages, may be part of the disease mechanism and should be explored further.FundingNo funding was provided for this study. The authors declare no conflict of interests

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