The Ethics of Accepting Gifts from Pharmaceutical Companies

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 1233-1237
Author(s):  
Lewis H. Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
The Subject

How physicians respond to the promotional activities of the pharmaceutical industry is the subject of ongoing debate and controversy. This paper postulates that the acceptance of gifts in virtually any form violates fundamental duties of the physician of nonmaleficence, fidelity, justice, and self-improvement. The medical community must articulate this position clearly, and it should act accordingly.

scholarly journals Workplace management initiatives and talent engagement in the Nigerian pharmaceutical industry

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Hezekiah O. Falola ◽  
Opeyemi O. Ogueyungbo ◽  
Oluwatunmise O. Ojebola
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Multiple Sampling ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Statistical Results

Background: Talent engagement is increasingly gaining the attention of pharmaceutical industry, particularly in developing nations like Nigeria. The existing literature shows that the subject of workplace management initiatives and talent engagement in the Nigerian pharmaceutical industry has not been sufficiently researched. This study investigates the influence of workplace management initiatives on talent engagement in some selected pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria. Methods: In total, 600 respondents were surveyed across various departments and units of ten selected pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria using multiple sampling techniques. Only 429 copies of the questionnaire, representing a 71.5% response rate, were returned and analyzed using Smart PLS 3.0. Results: The outcomes of the statistical analysis show that recognition, employees’ wellbeing, learning and development as well as diversity and inclusion had significant influence on talent, emotional, cognitive and behavioural engagements. Conclusions: In line with the statistical results, the study concludes that workplace management initiatives influenced talent engagement. The study emphasized the need for the review of many workplace management initiatives in order to determine its suitability within the context of pharmaceutical industry in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Influence of Workplace management initiatives on talent engagement in the Nigerian pharmaceutical industry

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Hezekiah O. Falola ◽  
Opeyemi O. Ogueyungbo ◽  
Oluwatunmise O. Ojebola
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Multiple Sampling ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Statistical Results

Background: Talent engagement is increasingly gaining the attention of pharmaceutical industry, particularly in developing nations like Nigeria. The existing literature shows that the subject of workplace management initiatives and talent engagement in the Nigerian pharmaceutical industry has not been sufficiently researched. This study investigates the influence of workplace management initiatives on talent engagement in some selected pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria. Methods: In total, 600 respondents were surveyed across various departments and units of ten selected pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria using multiple sampling techniques. Only 429 copies of the questionnaire, representing a 71.5% response rate, were returned and analyzed using Smart PLS 3.0. Results: The outcomes of the statistical analysis show that recognition, employees’ wellbeing, learning and development as well as diversity and inclusion had significant influence on talent, emotional, cognitive and behavioural engagements. Conclusions: In line with the statistical results, the study concludes that workplace management initiatives influenced talent engagement. The study emphasized the need for the review of many workplace management initiatives in order to determine its suitability within the context of pharmaceutical industry in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Epistemic Corruption, the Pharmaceutical Industry, and the Body of Medical Science

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Sismondo
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Knowledge System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Abundant Evidence

When a knowledge system importantly loses integrity, ceasing to provide the kinds of trusted knowledge expected of it, we can label this epistemic corruption. Epistemic corruption often occurs because the system has been co-opted for interests at odds with some of the central goals thought to lie behind it. There is now abundant evidence that the involvement of pharmaceutical companies corrupts medical science. Within the medical community, this is generally assumed to be the result of conflicts of interest. However, some important ways that the industry corrupts are not captured well by standard analyses in terms of conflicts of interest. It is not just that there is a body of medical science perverted by industry largesse. Instead, much of the corruption of medical science via the pharmaceutical industry happens through grafting activities: Pharmaceutical companies do their own research and smoothly integrate it with medical science, taking advantage of the legitimacy of the latter.

Offer of methods for minimizing key investment risks of “R-Pharm” JSC

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
N. A. Kabanova ◽  
I. K. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Pharmaceutical Company ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Degree

The article is devoted to the assessment of potential investment risks of the pharmaceutical company “R-Pharm” JSC with the aim of identifying the highest priority risks and developing methods for minimizing them. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the pharmaceutical business is characterized by a high degree of social orientation and annually invests $ 140 billion in the development of production and research, which determines the need for a risk-based approach to ensure the return on investment. The subject of this article is the investment risks of pharmaceutical companies, and the subject of research is the domestic pharmaceutical company “R-Pharm”. In order to assess the potential investment risks of “R-Pharm” JSC, the authors used elements of simulation modeling and system analysis. The proposed methods to minimize key investment risks are aimed at improving the efficiency of investment activities and is recommended as an element of the strategic planning of the company.

scholarly journals Strategic account management as a value co-creation selling model in the pharmaceutical industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Pilon ◽  
Elias Hadjielias
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Pharmaceutical Company ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Account Management ◽  
A Value ◽  
Key Accounts

Purpose This study aims to explore the dynamics enabling strategic account management (SAM) to function as a value co-creation selling model in the pharmaceutical industry. Design/methodology/approach Using an inductive qualitative research design, data are collected within 11 industry customers in Canada. This work focuses on hospitals as strategic accounts of pharmaceutical companies, exploring SAM value co-creation in the “hospital-pharmaceutical company” relationship. Findings The findings suggest the presence of two key dimensions that can enable a value co-creation SAM model in the hospital-pharmaceutical relationship: “customer-tailored value-added initiatives” and “relationship enhancers”. Customer-tailored value-added initiatives explain the activities that are central to the hospital-pharmaceutical company relationship and can lead to the provision of value added that is unique to the hospital. Relationship enhancers explain the activities that can help strengthen hospital-pharmaceutical company relations in the pursuit of enhanced value-added interactions between the two parties. The research demonstrates a cyclical relationship between “customer-tailored value-added initiatives” and “relationship enhancers”, leading to value co-creation through a SAM model. Practical implications The study informs pharmaceutical industry practitioners on how to improve their value proposition through new, more sustainable selling practices. It offers information on implementing a value co-creation SAM model, which can enable pharmaceutical companies to sustain long-lasting value-added relationships with key accounts such as hospitals. Originality/value The study contributes to the field of SAM by conceptualizing SAM as a value co-creation system. It introduces new knowledge in pharmaceutical marketing by offering empirical insight on the applicability and use of SAM in the hospital-pharmaceutical company dyad.

Turkey's Physicians' Attitudes Toward Euthanasia: A Brief Research Report

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdem Özkara ◽  
Hamit Hanci ◽  
Murat Civaner ◽  
Coskun Yorulmaz ◽  
Mustafa Karagöz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
The Subject

Euthanasia and assisted suicide are subject to an ongoing debate and discussed with various aspects. Because physicians are in a profession closely related to euthanasia, their attitudes toward this subject are significant. Thus, research intending to explore their opinions is carried out in many countries. In this study, opinions of the physicians regarding euthanasia's definition, contents, legal aspects, and acceptable conditions for its application are addressed. The questionnaire was given to 949 physicians, more than 1% of the total working in Turkey. Of the physicians who participated in the study, 49.9% agreed with the opinion that euthanasia should be legal in certain circumstances. In addition, 19% had come across a euthanasia request and the majority of physicians (55.9%) believed that euthanasia is applied secretly in the country despite the prohibitory legislation. In conclusion, the authors infer from the study itself and believe that euthanasia should be legal in certain circumstances and that the subject, which is not in the agenda of the Turkish population, should continue to be examined.

Happy families in the pharmaceutical industry

1983 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 77-79
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Parent Companies

Many large pharmaceutical companies operate subsidiaries or divisions with separate names and identities. Some of these subsidiaries have been specially created while others are survivors, in name, of take-overs or mergers. This has led to an increase in the number of trading companies promoting pharmaceutical products and to the practice of transferring established products from the parent companies to their subsidiaries. The results of the proliferation and re-organisation of companies will affect prescribers.

Protocol to the Convention on the Prohibition of Bacteriological (Biological) Weapons – History, Main Provisions, Significance and Reasons for Not Signing

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-21
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biological Weapons ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Special Role ◽  
International Agreement ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Weapons Control

Received 30 January 2021. Accepted for publication 20 March 2021 The Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction (BTWC) does not have a legally binding verification regime. An attempt by the Ad Hoc Group of Experts, created by the UN Committee on Disarmament, to strengthen the BTWC by developing a legally binding document – the Protocol, was blocked by the United States in July 2001. The purpose of this work is to study the history, main provisions, significance and reasons for not signing the Protocol to the BTWC. The attention is paid to the events in biological weapons control, which have led a number of countries to the understanding of the necessity to develop the Protocol. The background of the US actions to block this document is the subject of special consideration. During the Second Review Conference on the Implementation of the Convention (8–25 September 1986, Geneva) the USSR, the German Democratic Republic and the Hungarian People's Republic proposed to develop and adopt the Protocol as an addition to the BTWC. This document was supposed to establish general provisions, definitions of terms, lists of agents and toxins, lists of equipment that was present or used at production facilities, threshold quantities of biological agents designed to assess means and methods of protection. The proposed verification mechanism was based on three «pillars»: initial declarations with the basic information about the capabilities of each State Party; inspections to assess the reliability of the declarations; investigations to verify and confirm or not confirm the alleged non-compliance with the Convention. The verification regime was to be under the control of an international organization – the Organization for the Prohibition of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons. However, the US military and pharmaceutical companies opposed the idea of international inspections. The then US Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security, John Robert Bolton II, played a special role in blocking the Protocol. During the Fifth Review Conference in December 2001, he demanded the termination of the Ad Hoc Group of Experts mandate for negotiations under the pretext that any international agreement would constrain US actions. The current situation with biological weapons control should not be left to chance. Measures to strengthen the BTWC should be developed, taking into account the new fundamental changes in dual-use biotechnology. It should be borne in mind, that the Protocol, developed in the 1990s, is outdated nowadays.

Do innovative activities matter to Indian drug and pharmaceutical firms? An application to export performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Shilpi Tyagi ◽  
DK Nauriyal
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Financial Data ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
The Real ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
New Evidence

This paper analyzes the R&D and exports profile of Indian drug and pharmaceutical industry during the period 2000–2014. The present paper examines how R&D expenditure and patent impact export performance of the Indian drug and pharmaceutical firms. The study period from 2000 to 2014 has been characterized by a rapid growth in industry’s innovative activity, as part of the strategic shift, induced by the Patents (Amendment) Act, 2005. Using the real financial data for the top 91 publicly listed Indian domestic pharmaceutical companies, the study provides new evidence on firm-level export performance of the Indian drugs and pharmaceutical industry. Generalized Method of Movements estimator developed by Blundell and Bond is applied. The empirical findings of the study reveal that increased R&D intensity, higher patent count and firm’s size are important determinants of firm-level export performance.

scholarly journals OSIP DYMOV AND CHARLES BOVARY (THE INTERTEXTUAL STRUCTURE OF CHEKHOV’S SHORT STORY THE FIDGET)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-205
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Kibalnik
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Anna Karenina ◽  
Madame Bovary ◽  
Medical Scientist ◽  
French Novel ◽  
The Subject

A. P. Chekhov's short story The Fidget (1892) is an abridged hypertext of G. Flaubert's novel Madame Bovary (1856). The article undertakes a detailed comparison of the characters who occupy a similar place in the narrative and figurative system of these two works: Osip Dymov and Charles Bovary. Both of them are doctors, but Chekhov's character seems to realize the untapped potential that was laid down in the character penned by Flaubert. He is no longer a failed doctor, but a talented one, with all the qualities required to become an excellent medical scientist. Thus, Chekhov does not merely stand up for the medical community, which he is no stranger to. Thanks to this, the story of the Russian writer transforms into a polemical interpretation of the classic French novel. In Flaubert's Emma's imaginary search for the meaning of life, which explains her two adulteries in Madame Bovary, Chekhov seems rather inclined to see the selfishness and lack of responsibility that destroy her family and lead to her own death. It is not by chance that Dymov, rather than Olga Ivanovna dies as a result of her own similar behavior in Chekhov’s short story. At the same time, Chekhov's text is also a polemical interpretation of Tolstoy's Anna Karenina (1873–1877), which was created as an explicit hypertext of Flaubert's novel. In the short story, Chekhov's critical reinterpretation of these two works is clearly based on a kind of “folk” morality of the Ant from the canonical Krylov fable The Dragonfly and the Ant (1808), which is clearly referenced in the title and text of the story. The intertextual structure of Chekhov's story is examined in the article primarily as a system of its pretexts, some of which relate to it in unison, and others-dissonantly. At the same time, the former are the object of polemical interpretation, while the latter are the subject of stylization and value orientation.

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