scholarly journals Comparative embryonic development of nematodes of the genus Тrichuris (Nematoda, Trichuridae) obtained from sheep (Ovis aries)

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Melnychuk ◽  
А. V. Berezovsky
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Species Specific

Biological specifics of Trichuris оvis Abildgaard, 1795 and T. globulosa Linstow, 1901 parasitizing domestic sheep were analyzed enhancing the species identification of these nematode species. The embryonic development of nematodes was timed, survival of embryonic stages was determined taking into account their morphological and metric specifics in laboratory culture. Trichuris eggs were isolated from gonads of adult female nematodes collected from caeca of dissected sheep. Then the eggs were cultured at optimal temperature to the formation of eggs with mobile larvae. Six morphologically distinct stages of embryogenesis were established in T. оvis and T. globulosa nematodes. The protoplast stage lasted from the 1st to the 12th day in T. оvis and to the 18th day in T. globulosa. Blastomeric formation occurred from the 3rd to the 18th day in T. оvis and from the 3rd to the 21st day in T. globulosa. Bean-shaped embryos formed from the 6th to the 21st day in T. оvis, and from the 9th to the 30th day in T. globulosa. Tadpole-like embryos developed from the 12th to the 24th day in T. оvis and from the 18th to the 33rd day in T. globulosa. Larvae formed in eggs of T. оvis from the 18th to the 27th day, and in eggs of T. globulosa from the 21st to the 36th day. Mobile larvae formed from the 21st to the 30th day in T. оvis, and from the 30th to the 39th day in T. globulosa. At 27 °С, mature eggs with mobile larvae developed in 30 days in T. оvis and in 39 in T. globulosa. The egg survival in laboratory culture was 84.3 ± 4.2 % and 76.3 ± 1.5%, respectively. Developmental changes of metric parameters in Trichuris nematode eggs (length and width of eggs, plug length, eggshell thickness) were species-specific.

scholarly journals Nematodes of the Genus Trichuris (Nematoda, Trichuridae), Parasitizing Sheep in Central and South-Eastern Regions of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Yevstafieva ◽  
I. D. Yuskiv ◽  
V. V. Melnychuk ◽  
I. O. Yasnolob ◽  
V. A. Kovalenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

Abstract Abundance and distribution of nematodes of the genus Trichuris Schrank, 1788 parasitizing domestic sheep (Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758) were studied in Poltava, Kyiv and Zaporizhzhia Regions of Ukraine. Three species of Trichuris were found, Trichuris skrjabini Baskakov, 1924, Trichuris ovis Abildgaard, 1795 and Trichuris globulosa Linstow, 1901. Trichuris ovis and T. skrjabini were more common (54.9 and 35.7 %), whereas T. globulosa was relatively rare (9.4 %) in the studied material. New species-specific and sex-related morphological characters and metric indices were reviewed as useful in better identification of T. skrjabini, T. ovis and T. globulosa parasitizing sheep.

scholarly journals Species-specific morphological characteristics of adult and embryonic Capillariа obsignata roundworms (Nematoda, Capillariidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Yevstafyeva ◽  
V. V. Stybel ◽  
T. A. Sharavara ◽  
V. V. Melnychuk ◽  
I. О. Yasnolob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Shape And Size

The abundance of Capillaria obsignata Madsen, 1945, the causative agent of chicken capillariasis, was studied in the central region of Ukraine. Differential morphometric characters are determined for adult males and females of C. obsignata. The species-specific variability of its morphological parameters is characterized. New data is received on the meristic characters of C. obsignata eggs extracted from different substrates. The stages of embryonic development are determined in laboratory cultures of these nematodes, taking into account their meristic and morphological changes. Capillaria obsignata parasites are very common at the poultry farms of Poltava and Kyiv regions of Ukraine. Their abundance index is 3.4, and the intensity of infection varies from 3 to 317 specimens. Differential morphometric species-specific characters of adult C. obsignata males are the shape and size of the pseudobursa, spicule, spicule sheath. Adult females of the species can be identified by the shape and size of the vulva, the distance from the esophagus end to the vulva, and the length of the vagina. The meristic characters of nematode eggs, though typical for the species, may change depending on the sampled substrate. The parasite’s embryonic development involves five morphologically and meristically different stages. The invasive larvae of this species developed in the eggs before the 12th day of culturing in laboratory conditions at 25 °С. The invasive larvae’s viability was 90.3 ± 1.5%.

scholarly journals Morphological characteristic of Skrjabinema ovis (Nematoda, Oxyuridae) obtained from domestic sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Melnychuk ◽  
O. I. Reshetylo
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Differential Characters ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Species Specific

Skrjabinemosis is a widely prevalent helminthiasis of sheep, goats and wild ruminants. It is caused by Skrjabinema ovis Skrjabin, 1915. Parasitization by S. ovis induces inflammatory processes of the large intestine, in skin around the anus and tail base, resulting in reduced productivity and weight loss. The measures of prevention and control of skrjabinemosis on sheep farms depend on the timely and accurate diagnosis, based on the reliable identification of nematodes. We studied the identification morphometric characters of this species The nematodes were obtained from the large intestine of 710 pasture-kept sheep (Ovis aries) on farms of Kyiv, Poltava and Zaporizhzhia regions ( Central and South-Eastern Ukraine). In total, 5723 adult S. ovis nematodes were collected, 1981 of which were males and 3742 were females. Sexual dimorphism was found in S. ovis both in metric and morphological parameters. The size dimorphism is characterized by values larger by 43.9–64.6% of 11 parameters in females compared to males. The differential characters of mature S. ovis males and females are morphological specifics of the mouth organ complex and the distribution of cuticular formations on the head end of the parasite. The lips of the female nematodes are anchor-shaped and adorned with tooth-like lamellae, and the lips of the males are oval and lack the tooth-like lamellae. Cuticular nodes on the head ends of the females are considerably longer and wider than in the males. The species-specific morphological characters of the males are the features of morphology and sizes of the pseudobursa, the shape and length of the spicule and gubernaculum, and their width parameters in different areas. In the identification of females, the morphology of the vulva and tail end, and the metric parameters of the location of the vulva, anus, and sizes of eggs in the uterus should be considered. Additional metric and morphological parameters are presented for use in the differentiation of males and females for better identification.

scholarly journals Comparative morphology and biology of nematodes of genus Heterakis (Nematoda, Heterakidae), parasites of the domestic goose (Anser anser) in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Yevstafyeva ◽  
V. V. Melnychuk ◽  
О. V. Nikiforova ◽  
К. V. Suprunenko ◽  
L. N. Korchan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Anser Anser ◽  
Abundance Index ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Species Specific

The genus Heterakis Dujardin, 1845 is one of the most widely distributed genera of nematode parasites of domestic and wild birds. Geographically and ecologically predominant species include Heterakis gallinarum Schrank, 1788 and Heterakis dispar Schrank, 1790. Prevalence and occurrence of these nematodes in the domestic goose (Anser anser dom.) depend on their biological and morphological specifics which ensure the highest viability, fast growth and maximum fertility in the host. This study presents the abundance and species composition of nematodes of the genus Heterakis in the domestic goose in Ukraine. Comparative study of morphological and metrical characteristics of H. gallinarum and H. dispar adult females and males is presented. Additional morphometric characteristics are proposed for easier identification of the two species. Stages and periods of embryonic development of H. gallinarum and H. dispar nematodes obtained from domestic geese are established according to morphological and metrical characters. Of the two species, H. dispar is prevalent in domestic geese from Poltava, Kharkiv and Kyiv regions. Abundance index of this species is 9.8 specimens, and intensity of infection index is up to 62 specimens. H. gallinarum is rarer, its abundance index is 1.2 specimens and maximum intensity of infection is 30 specimens. Species-specific morphological differences are more distinct in male nematodes in the size and structure of the spicules, lateral wing-like protrusions of pseudobursas, numbers and position of tail papillae. Additional metrical characteristics differ between H. gallinarum and H. dispar nematodes, allowing us to identify not only adult specimens but also eggs. Embryonic development of both species occurs in four morphologically distinct stages: protoplast, blastomere cleavage, formation of first and second stage larvae. Eggs of H. gallinarum nematodes become infectious in eight days at 27 °С, eggs of H. dispar in four days, their viability in laboratory culture is 84.3 ± 0.58 and 91.3 ± 1.53% respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of natural disinfectant (Moringa oleifera) and a chemical disinfectant (calcium hypochlorite) on nematode eggs: bioefficiency and impact of physico-chemical variables

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-346
Author(s):  
Arnold Landry Fotseu Kouam ◽  
Gideon Aghaindum Ajeagah
Keyword(s):  
Petri Dish ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Chemical Disinfectant ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of disinfectant on the viability of eggs from three nematode species (Ascaris, Trichuris, Ankylostoma). It was conducted in a microcosm from June 2018 to June 2019. The wastewater scan was sampled using 5 L sterile containers, the sample was arranged in four replicas, three tests and one control. The test samples received three disinfectants (Moringa, calcium hypochlorite and Moringa associated with calcium hypochlorite) at varying concentrations. The physical and chemical parameters were measured before and after the application of each disinfectant. The samples were then observed under an optical microscope. The viability of the eggs was determined by incubating the Petri dish samples at 30 °C for 30 days. The analyses show that some physicochemical parameters can significantly influence the efficacy of disinfectant on the eggs. The calcium hypochlorite associated with Moringa at 0.6 g/L showed greater efficacy on reducing viability and inactivation of eggs with 100% efficacy yield rates on Ankylostoma and Trichuris trichiuria and 97% on Ascaris lumbricoides eggs; this efficacy is significantly different from that observed on samples treated with Moringa and simple calcium hypochlorite. Of the three parasites tested, A. lumbricoides showed greater resistance to the disinfectant.

Panagrellus levitatus sp. n. (Rhabditida: Panagrolaimidae), a nematode suppressing Drosophila melanogaster in laboratory cultures

Nematology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Ivanova ◽  
Ksenia Perfilieva ◽  
Sergei Spiridonov
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
New Species ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Mass Reproduction ◽  
First Time

A new nematode species recovered from the laboratory culture ofDrosophila melanogasteris described and illustrated. The mass reproduction ofPanagrellus levitatussp. n. in the fly culture occurred several times and resulted in a significant reduction of the fly population. Nematode outbreaks happened after the introduction ofD. melanogasterto the culture from natural sources. The new species is morphologically similar toP. ulmi. Partial LSU rDNA and SSU rDNA sequences were obtained and subjected to phylogenetic analysis that demonstrated the affinity of the new species withPanagrellussp. ‘MC2014’ from a red palm weevil. For the first time, the dauer juveniles ofPanagrelluswere described.

​Re-sequencing of Whole Genome Jordanian Awassi Ewes using Hiseq Sequencing Technology: Major Step Towards Sheep Genomic Selection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Migdadi ◽  
Nizar Haddad ◽  
Ruba AlOmari ◽  
Mohammad Brake ◽  
Mustafa AlShdaifat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Structure Variation ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Number Variation ◽  
Paired End Sequencing

Background: Jordanian Awassi sheep (Ovis aries) is the dominant fat tail sheep breed that appeals to customers because of its various production systems, including fiber, meat and milk. This report is the first whole ewe genome sequence (WGS) of O. aries submitted in the NCBI database from Jordan. Methods: 64 Paired-end sequencing libraries were constructed and subjected to Illumina Hiseq 2500 sequencing system. High-quality reads were aligned against the reference sheep genome and detecting comprehensive sources (SNPs, InDels, SV, CNVs) of genetic variations. We have deposited data sequences at the NCBI under SRA (sequence reads archives) under the accession numbers SRR11128863, PRJNA574879. Result: Genome resequencing of Jordanian Awassi ewe was carried out with approximately 93.88 Gb with a mapping rate and effective mapping depths were 99.28% and 36.32. Around 19 million SNPs, 3,6 million InDels, 35,180 Structure variation and 13,524 copy number variation among the Jordanian ewe genome were detected. This wide range of genetic variation provides a framework for further genetic studies that will help understand the molecular basis underlying phenotypic variation of economically important traits in sheep and improve intrinsic defects in domestic sheep breeds.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document