scholarly journals New findings of pest sciarid species (Diptera, Sciaridae) in Ukraine, with the first record of Bradysia difformis

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
A. I. Babytskiy ◽  
M. S. Moroz ◽  
S. O. Kalashnyk ◽  
O. O. Bezsmertna ◽  
I. D. Dudiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
The Carpathians ◽  
Fungus Gnats ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
Mass Development ◽  
Succulent Plants

Sciarids (Diptera, Sciaridae) or black fungus gnats are small, mainly dark coloured insects whose larvae usually develop in rotting plant remains permeated by fungal hyphae. Typical habitats for sciarids are shaded forests and wet meadows, but some species can migrate from natural biotopes to anthropogenic ecosystems and live as synanthropes. Synanthropic sciarid species in the case of their larvae mass development, may cause significant damage to agricultural plants and mushrooms and are considered as pests. The information on pest activities of sciarids in the literature is provided for 34 species, but only 7 species can be considered as dangerous pests. In the framework of taxonomic and ecological research on Sciaridae in Ukraine, some chorological and faunistic peculiarities of pest sciarids have been studied. We collected material during the expeditions and excursions in different biotopes of Ukraine from 2012 to 2018 using the Malaise trap, by the method of non-count sweeping with entomological net and with exhauster directly from substrate. The collected imagoes were placed into 5 mL vials with 70% ethanol. In the lab, the fixed material was dehydrated in absolute ethanol and mounted on slides in Euparal. All of the studied material is kept in Andriy Babytskiy’s Private Collection, Kyiv (PABK) and mostly availible to the public on the UkrBIN. In Ukraine 4 species of harmful sciarid pests from 3 genera are recorded, namely Bradysia brunnipes (in Crimea), B. difformis (in Kyiv and Volyn Regions), Lycoriella ingenua (in Kyiv and Volyn Regions) and Pnyxia scabiei (Western regions excluding the Carpathians). B. brunnipes, also known as “cucumber gnat”, is one of the widespread cucumber pests in greenhouses, damaging roots and above-ground shoots of cucumbers. In Ukraine, mass development of this species and significant loses of the harvest caused by it have not been reported. B. difformis is a widespread pest sciarid, but in Ukraine it has been recorded for the first time. The mass development of this species was recorded in hothouses with cacti and other succulent plants at the O. V. Fomin Botanical Garden, where the larvae of B. difformis cause significant damage to these plants, especially to their sprouts. L. ingenua is the most common sciarid pest which damages mushrooms in hothouses. In Ukraine it was massively recorded  in cellars and on vegetables in storages. P. scabiei was recorded in Western Ukraine, except the Carpathians, as a potato pest species that damages sprouts in the fields and tubers in storages. Considering the absence of records of P. scabiei in natural biotopes of Ukraine, it is likely that this species was introduced to our country from America together with potatoes and should be recognized as an alien species to the natural entomofauna of Ukraine.

FIRST RECORD ON HOST PLANTS AND TAXONOMICAL DESCRIPTION ON Aptopus opata (ELATERIDAE: CARDIOPHORINAE: CARDIOPHORINI) FROM SINDH PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 415-424
Author(s):  
Shabana Mangi
Keyword(s):  
Light Trap ◽  
Lateral Lobe ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
First Record ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
South Central ◽  
Sindh Province ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
First Time

Aptopus Eschscholtz is a native of the Mexico sonar light trap Huachuca Mountain of south central Arizona. This species has been first time observed from district Khairpur Sindh province of Pakistan from (March 2018 to October 2019), these observation represent first record of this species from Sindh or Pakistan. This description and illustrations are provided for easy identification, they cause significant damage to crops, they are pest species and omnivores feeder, especially on maize crops, potatoes, tomatoes and germinating seeds, weeds and small grasses overall in worldwide, its larva is yellowish to brown in color, from damage use the granules insecticides at planting time will prevent from wireworm, Aptopus opata is a differ from the closely allied species on the basis of genitalial and morphological characteristics body lengthened, dark brown to blackish with densely punctuations, prontal angles lengthened, pointed, scutellum blackish spot like, legs lengthened, aedeagus wider than longer, base broader, lateral lobe parameres slightly bigonal, with have golden hairs, at apex, median lobe parameres, broad at basal, rapidly narrowing apically, hairs like structure view from the ventral aspects.

scholarly journals The first record of the invasive mosquito species Aedes albopictus in Chişinӑu, Republic of Moldova, 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Șuleșco ◽  
Galina Bușmachiu ◽  
Unchana Lange ◽  
Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit ◽  
Renke Lühken
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Border Crossing ◽  
Molecular Barcoding ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Action Project ◽  
The Republic

Abstract Background In Europe, Aedes albopictus is an important vector of chikungunya virus and Dirofilaria nematodes and has been involved in local autochthonous circulation of dengue and Zika viruses. Due to the ongoing spread, targeted field surveillance at potential points of entry of invasive Aedes mosquitoes was initiated by the Republic of Moldova in 2020 as part of the transboundary “Invasive Aedes Mosquitoes COST-Action project.” Methods In 2020, ovitraps were positioned at each of three locations: the border crossing to Romania in Leuşeni (Hancesti region), Chişinӑu International Airport and Chişinӑu Botanical Garden. Results A total of 188 Aedes spp. eggs were collected at the Chişinӑu International Airport between August and September 2020. Twenty-three adults reared in the laboratory were identified morphologically as Ae. albopictus (Skuse, 1895), and 12 selected specimens were confirmed by molecular barcoding of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene region. In addition, one adult Ae. albopictus female at the same site was caught with a manual aspirator. Conclusions This is the first documented report of Ae. albopictus in the Republic of Moldova. The presence of immature and adult stages indicates the local reproduction of the species in the country. Therefore, it is crucial to extend and strengthen surveillance of the invasive Aedes mosquitoes to prevent Ae. albopictus and other exotic mosquito species from becoming established in the Republic of Moldova. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Hygrocybe salicis-herbaceae (Agaricomycetes, Hygrophoraceae): an arctic-alpine species new to the South-Eastern Carpathians (Romania)

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Anna Ronikier
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Carpathians ◽  
Alpine Zone ◽  
Eastern Carpathians ◽  
Alpine Species ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Micromorphological Characters

New localities of <em>Hygrocybe salicis-herbaceae</em> were observed during the research on the fungi of the alpine zone in the Carpathians. This is the first record of this arctic-alpine fungus in the South-Eastern Carpathians. Macro- and micromorphological characters of the Carpathian collections are compared with the descriptions from other regions. A revision of literature data indicates that the sites in the Parâng Mts. reported here are the only known localities of the species from the entire Carpathian range.

scholarly journals An updated global COI barcode reference data set for Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and first record of this species in Bhutan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Mahat ◽  
Andrew Mitchell ◽  
Tshelthrim Zangpo
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
First Record ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Data Set

AbstractWe report the first detection of Fall Armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797), in Bhutan. FAW feeds on more than 300 plant species and is a serious pest of many. It has been spreading through Africa since 2016 and Asia since 2018. In Bhutan, this species was first detected in maize fields in the western part of the country in September 2019 and subsequently found infesting maize crop in southern parts of the country in December 2019 and April 2020. Using morphological and molecular techniques the presence of the first invading populations of S. frugiperda in Bhutan is confirmed through this study. We present an updated reference DNA barcode data set for FAW comprising 374 sequences, which can be used to reliably identify this serious pest species, and discuss some of the reasons why such compiled reference data sets are necessary, despite the publicly availability of the underlying data. We also report on a second armyworm species, the Northern Armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker, 1865), in rice, maize and other crops in eighteen districts of Bhutan.

scholarly journals First interception of the greenhouse pest Echinothrips americanus Morgan, 1913 (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Slovakia

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Varga ◽  
P.J. Fedor
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Wide Host Range ◽  
Short Time ◽  
And Control

<i>Echinothrips americanus</i> Morgan, 1913, is one of the pest species that expanded their area of distribution in a relatively short time. Being native to the eastern parts of North America, its first European interception was recorded in 1989. Since then it has invaded greenhouses in most European countries, including Slovakia, where it was first recorded in inspected material at the Botanical garden in Košice. As a polyphagous thrips with a wide host range it may induce damage mainly on ornamentals, although if low in numbers it can be easily overlooked. The species is a suitable example where preventive steps against its spread have not been sufficient enough which, therefore, demands further monitoring. Remarks on morphology, identification, economical importance and control are also given.

Diphasiastrum × oellgaardii Stoor et al. (Lycopodiaceae, Lycopodiophyta), a rare lycopod hybrid new to the flora of Turkey and Asia

Nova Hedwigia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-526
Author(s):  
Karsten Horn ◽  
Yury Alexeevich Ivanenko ◽  
H. Wilfried Bennert
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Range Extension ◽  
Parent Species ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Flora Of Turkey ◽  
Distributional Knowledge ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In Europe, the genus Diphasiastrum comprises 3 species and 3 hybrids, with D. × oellgaardii (D. alpinum × tristachyum) being the rarest cross. To improve the distributional knowledge of these taxa, extensive studies were performed in a number of herbaria (BM, H, O, K, LE, LECB, MHA, NS, S, VLA; acronyms after Holmgren et al. 1990). In the herbarium of the Tsytsin Main Moscow Botanical Garden of Academy of Sciences in Russia (MHA), an interesting Diphasiastrum specimen collected in Turkey was discovered. It was labelled D. alpinum, but obviously is not this species. By thorough investigations of its morphology, we proved that it represents the hybrid D. × oellgaardii. This is the first record for Turkey, but also for Asia as a whole making it an important range extension. Furthermore, the herbarium studies revealed several unpublished finds of D. tristachyum in Turkey; these are also reported here. All known Turkish localities of D. × oellgaardii and its parent species are shown in a distribution map.

scholarly journals First record of a cold-period myxomycete species Dianema depressum (Lister) Lister in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Chachuła ◽  
Marek Fiedor ◽  
Anna Ronikier
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Cold Period ◽  
Species Occurrence ◽  
Cool Period ◽  
The Carpathians ◽  
Typical Time ◽  
First Time

A myxomycete species, <em>Dianema depressum</em> is reported for the first time in Poland. It has been found in the Jaszowiec stream valley, localized in the Beskid Śląski Mts (the Carpathians) in November 2015. The cool period seems to be the typical time of the species’ occurrence.

scholarly journals Reproductive biology of the plants from Aloaceae family in the greenhouse

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
M. Gaidarzhy
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Red Lists ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
The Family ◽  
Single Flower ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Succulent Plants

The article presents the results of the study of the reproductive biology of succulent plants of the Aloaceae family in the introduction. Representatives of the family are part of the collection of succulent plants of the O.V. Fomin Botanical Garden,which contains over 190 species, subspecies and hybrids of plants of three genera: Aloe Linne – 86, Haworthia Duval – 74, Gasteria Duval – 23 taxa. In addition, x Gasteraloe Guillaumin (Gasteria x Aloe), x Gasterhaworthia Guillaumin (Gasteria x Haworthia), x Astroworthia G.D Rowley (AstrolobaUitewaal x Haworthia). Most plant species are included in the international red lists. In the process of forming this part of the collection, the morphology of flowers, inflorescences and seeds was investigated, phenological observations of flowering and fruiting were conducted, methods of vegetative and seed reproduction of family members were developed. Phenological observations have shown that the main flowering period is the spring summer period, but Aloe under greenhouse conditions is characterized by two more peaks (August, December). We have found that, in addition to simple or complex tics, in the vast majority of species, Aloe haworthioides is characterized by inflorescences of ears; perianth shaped tubular or cylindrical, inherent in the vast majority of species and performs, in our opinion, a protective function. The flowering of a single flower takes place in three stages, providing a self-pollination effect that is characteristic of crop conditions only for certain Aloe species, and the viability of the pollen is closely related to the ambient temperature. Freshly harvested seeds obtained by self-pollination or cross-pollination have a sufficiently large germination, but if stored in any way after three months, the germination increases. We have proposed a method of increasing the viability of seeds of plants of the Aloaceae family 2.5-3 times and developed a method of vegetative propagation of representatives of the genera Haworthia and Gasteria leaf cuttings.

scholarly journals Biology of Blastopsylla occidentalis (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Aphalaridae), a pest of Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae) in Yaounde, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Victor Joly Dzokou ◽  
Soufo Laurentine ◽  
Tamesse Joseph Lebel
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Development Life Cycle ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Integrated Pest Control

Eucalyptus spp belong to the family of Myrtaceae and grow all over the world and are adapted to different climates and soils. In Cameroon, these plants are very important for their medicinal and ecological virtues. Eucalyptus globulus has economically and ornamentally values. Blastopsylla occidentalis Taylor (Psylloidea: Aphalaridae) is one of the insects feeding on this plant and its causes severe damages to their host plants. Significant damage occurred in nurseries and in a very young plantations of Eucalyptus spp. The biology of B. occidentalis was studied from July 2010 to June 2011 at Yaounde. The parameters mating process, choice of the egg-laying site by the females, fecundity of the females, longevity of the adults, embryonic and larval development, life cycle and sex ratio were studied. The results showed that males emerged before females, and the mating process lasted about 42 minutes. The longevity of adults was 11 days on average and egg-laying began 8 days after emergence. The average fertility was 38 eggs per female. The eggs were laid on the buds, bracts, young leaves and twigs of its host plant. The life cycle, from egg to egg, required 32 days on average. The sex ratio was close to 1.03. This species fed and developed on Eucalyptus spp. has never been observed on other plants species in the study area, suggesting a specificity of this psyllid to its host plant. These results can be considered as an important step for the establishment of integrated pest control against Eucalyptus psyllid pest species in Cameroon.

First teleost otoliths from the Late Jurassic of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Werner W. Schwarzhans ◽  
Aleksandr A. Mironenko
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
First Record ◽  
Related Genus ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Evolutionary Phase ◽  
Faunal Element

This is the first record of Late Jurassic (Volgian) otoliths from the boreal province of Russia. Two new species– Palealbula korchinskyi n. sp. and Palealbula moscoviensis n. sp. – are described representing otoliths of putative stem- albuliform affinities of unresolved familiar position. The phylogeny of Palealbula and the supposedly related genus Protalbula is discussed in the light of the new findings presented in this article. Both genera are shown to represent a common faunal element in the early evolutionary phase of teleosts during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous.

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