The elemental composition of grains of winer wheat for pre-treatment of manganese sulphate

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
E. P. Tkach
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Volcanic Origin ◽  
Manganese Sulphate ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The research has been aimed at definition of bioavailable forms of selected trace elements (Mn, Cu, Zn, Co) in agricultural soils.The analyzed soils were generally characterized by acid or very acid pH. Manganese impact on plant growth and a content of the elements in grain have been studied during pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat seeds with solutions of manganese sulphate. The field research was undertaken during 2012-2014. Experimental scheme consisted of the following variants: 1–5 – pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat seeds Artemida by solutions of MnSO4 • 5H2O with corresponding percentage of concentrations: 1.0; 0.5; 0.1; 0.01; 0,001. Processing has been performed a day before sowing. Variant 6 – control, without processing. The soil was sod-brown, hydrolytic acidity – 3,47, exchange acidity – 4,82. Germination of the seeds has been preliminary determined in laboratory conditions. The growth rate, increase of dry weight, has been determined in the tillering stage (3–1 leaves). ICP spectrometry method has been applied to study the elemental compositions of the grain and soil using emission spectrometer ISP-MS Agilent 7700x. Soil samples extracted with ammonium acetate buffer, pH 4.8 in soil-solution correlation 1:5. Samples of the grain have been chosen selectively from the plots of each variant in the stage of full grain maturity. The average sample from each repetition has been prepared for the analysis. The samples were milled and ashed in nitric acid using microwave system of sample preparation – Milestone Start D. Fluka Multielement standard solution 5 for ICP has been used for calibration standards. Biological absorption coefficients (Cba) have been identified for establishing of quantitative parameters of transition of micronutrients from the soil into the wheat plants. Cb.a. have been determined by the correlation between the concentration of the element in wheat and its concentration in soil. Comparison has been conducted between two samples: Cba in the variant of optimal 0,01 % concentration of manganese sulphate in pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat seeds and Cb.a in control variant where the natural influence – high availability of mobile forms of microelements in soil under research - has been taken into consideration. The research on determination of bioavailable forms of trace elements in the sod-brown soils has demonstrated very high provision of mobile forms of manganese and copper as well as high provision of zinc and cobalt. It has been explained by the genesis of these soils since soil forming rocks of volcanic origin are saturated with polymetals and mobility and bioavailability depend on the acid reaction of soil solution. Based on manganese research results there was defined a clear dependence of the plant growth on the concentration of manganese sulphate in pre-sowing treatment of wheat seeds. The usage of 0, 01–0,001 % manganese sulphate solutions is optimal for winter wheat growth. Treatment with these concentrations stimulates the growth of the plants in comparison to the control variant. Higher concentrations, 0,1–1,0 %, can result with deceleration of growth processes. It has been found out that the content of manganese in wheat depends on the concentration of the element used in pre-sowing treatment of seeds. The general conformity to natural laws of this dependence is due to the fact that as the concentration of manganese in pre-sowing treatment of seeds has decreased, its concentration in seeds has increased, but it has been less than in seeds of the control variant. We should mention that the concentration of manganese in wheat seeds of the control variant has a little exceeded the maximum allowable concentration. There was assumed that in the case of pre-sowing treatment of the seeds with solutions of manganese sulphate of 0,01 and 0,001 % concentrations the manganese can act as a microelement without negative influence on formation of harvest and the content of valuable manganese microelement in grain. During the pre-sowing treatment of the seeds the manganese reveals its antagonism in respect to accumulation of copper and not affecting the content of zinc and cobalt in the grain. Manganese, zinc, and copper can be accumulated in the grain of winter wheat, Cba> 1.The reason is high need of crops, including winter wheat, in these microelements.

scholarly journals MICROBIOCENOSIS OF RHIZOSPHERIC SOIL AND PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER WHEAT UNDER THE USE OF AGROBACTERIUM RADIOBACTER 204, ACTIVATED WITH NANOCARBOXYLATES OF METALS

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
S. F. Kozar ◽  
T. A. Evtushenko ◽  
T. O. Usmanova ◽  
Ye. P. Symonenko
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Agrobacterium Radiobacter ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The effectiveness of pre-sowing inoculation of winter wheat seeds with Agrobacterium radiobacter204, pre-activated with nanocarboxylates of metals, and the preparation Avatar (a complex of traceelements - metal nanocarboxylates), applied in combination and separately, was studied. The combinedapplication of bacterization and a complex of trace elements positively affects the microbiocenosis of therhizospheric soil of winter wheat: an increase in the number of ammonifiers (from 43.8% to 77.1%),nitrogen-fixing bacteria (from 2.7 to 3.5 times) was noted, while the number of micromycetes reduced.Pre-sowing bacterization and application of nanocarboxylates of metals contributes to the increase of thepotential nitrogen-fixing activity of rhizosphere soil and increase of wheat yield by 24.4% compared withthe control variant.

scholarly journals Priming winter wheat seeds with the bacterial quorum sensing signal N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL) shows potential to improve plant growth and seed yield

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e0209460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena V. Moshynets ◽  
Lidia M. Babenko ◽  
Sergiy P. Rogalsky ◽  
Olga S. Iungin ◽  
Jessica Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Homoserine Lactone ◽  
Bacterial Quorum Sensing ◽  
Bacterial Quorum ◽  
Wheat Seeds

scholarly journals Comprehensive protection of winter wheat from harmful organisms of agrocenosis in the zone of the Polissya of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
A. Bakalova ◽  
N. Gritsyuk ◽  
O. Derechа
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
Stem Base ◽  
Insecticidal Action ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
Substance Treatment ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Goal. To study influence of complex application of fungicidal, insecticidal action on the dynamics of the number of harmful organisms and fusarium root rot on winter wheat crops under the conditions of the Polissya of Ukraine. Method. The research was carried out during 2015—2017 on the experimental field of ZNAEU with. Greater Gorbash Chernyakhivsky area Zhytomyr region. The cultivation of winter wheat was carried out in accordance with the Polissya zone of Ukraine. Sizes of experimental sites 50 m2, repetition — four times. The research was carried out on two backgrounds of mineral nutrition — F1 — N150P60K100, F2 — N210P84K140 of the active substance. Treatment of wheat seeds with fungicidal and insecticidal preparations was carried out one day before sowing. The accounting of damage to wheat plants by the dominant pests was carried out from the IV stage of organogenesis by the method of recording areas using the framework imposed on the plants. The accounting for fusarium root rot was carried out in the phase of full ripeness before harvesting. Samples of plants for analysis were excavated from two adjacent rows of 0.5 m and recorded on a scale: 0 points — the plant did not affect; 1 point — defeat to 30% of the roots and up to 50% of the stem base; 2 points — defeat 30—60% of the roots and more than 50% of the stem base; 3 points — defeat more than 60% of the roots. Results. As a result of research on winter wheat crops, where N150P60K100 of active ingredient (F1) was introduced, the number of cicadas changed from 28 to 92 spe/ m², corn flies decreased by 56 spe/m², corn aphids decreased by 40 spe/ m². its population for the complex processing of seeds Gaucho Plus 466 FS, TH (0.6 l/t) + Lamardor 400 FS, TH (0.2 l/t) + MikoHelp (1.0 l/t). The spread of fusarium root decreased by 22—23%, development — by 2.5—2.8% compared with the control variant. At higher levels of mineral nutrition N210P84K140 the grain yield increases from 3.5 to 5.8 t/ha, and the increase in yield was from 0.73 to 2.25 t/ha, which is 0.4 t/ha more than in the background of 1 in option Gaucho Plus 466 FS, TH (0.6 l/t) + Lamardor 400 FS, TH (0.2 l/t) + MikoHelp (1.0 l/t). Conclusions. Complex treatment of seeds with fungicidal and insecticidal preparations contributed to a decrease in the number of plant phytophages and a decrease in winter wheat damage by fusarium root rot. The combination of different standards of mineral nutrition and tank mixes for seed drilling improved the characteristics of the structure of the crop. The highest increment of yield was obtained at elevated norms of mineral nutrition N210P84K140 in combination with the use of a mixture of drugs Gaucho Plus 466 FS, TH (0.6 l/t) + Lamardor 400 FS, TH (0.2 l/t) + MikoHelp (1.0 l/t), which was 2.25 t/ ha compared with the control variant.

The Impact of UV Irradiation of Winter Wheat Seeds on Enzymatic Activity in the Germination Period

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E N Simonova ◽  
M M Ayrapetyan ◽  
A A Eroshenko ◽  
N S Vertiy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Germination Period ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wheat Seeds

There have been conducted comprehensive studies of the effect of UV irradiation on enzymatic activity in the germination period of winter wheat seeds under different irradiation regimes. They have identified the maximum increase in amylase activity on the fourth day from the beginning of seed germination in variants with three and five minute UV irradiation and this indicator’s value exceeded that of the control variant on 58.6 % and 64.1%, respectively. Catalase activity was of its maximum value by the fourth day from the beginning of seed germination in variants with three and five minute UV irradiation and exceeded the value of the control variant on 14.7% and 17.7%, respectively. Peroxidase activity was of its maximum on the eighth day from the beginning of seed germination in all experimental variants. In a variant with three minute UV irradiation, peroxidase activity exceeded the control values of this indicator on 50% and in a variant with five minute UV irradiation on 55%. The use of a mercury-quartz lamp BNPO 2-30-001U3.5 to stimulate physio-logical and biochemical processes in germinating seeds made it possible to identify different enzymatic activities depending on the time exposure to UV irradiation.

scholarly journals USING MICRONUTRIENT IN CLIMATE CHANGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (42) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
V. Gamajunova ◽  
L. Khonenko ◽  
L. Girlja ◽  
O. Kovalenko ◽  
T. Baklanova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Chernozem ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Plant Processing ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The article highlights the state of provision of soil in Ukraine with trace elements, justifies a gradual decrease in their content and significance for plants, and especially in changing climatic conditions.Studies carried out on the southern chernozem in the conditions of the Steppe zone of Ukraine established the effectiveness of treating seeds before sowing and plants in the main phases of vegetation with microblasts and biologics at the harvest level and the quality of grown products. Thus, pre-treatment of winter wheat seeds depending on the complex of preparations on average in three varieties. provided an increase in grain yield from 5.5 to 20.5%.To a greater extent, yields are increased by the use of micro-fertilizers and biologics to treat both seeds before sowing and sowing plants during vegetation. On the example of studies with sunflower, significant increases in the yield of seeds, its fat content and an increase in the conditional yield (collection) of oil per hectare were determined.Key words: trace elements, biologics, winter wheat, sunflower, seed and plant processing, yield, crop quality, conditional oil yield.

scholarly journals Improving the efficiency of pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat seeds with low power coherent optical radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 659 (1) ◽  
pp. 012019
Author(s):  
M A Taranov ◽  
A S Kazakova ◽  
P V Gulyaev ◽  
M M Ukraintsev ◽  
A S Tatarintsev
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Optical Radiation ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Metabentonite geochemistry: magmatic cycles and graptolite extinctions at Dob's Linn, southern Scotland

1988 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Batchelor ◽  
J. A. Weir
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Magma Mixing ◽  
Volcanic Origin ◽  
Intermediate Composition ◽  
Ash Composition ◽  
Mineralogical Study ◽  
Local Extinctions ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

ABSTRACTThe Moffat Shale Group is a condensed, variable and partly pelagic sequence of mudrocks of Llandeilo—Llandovery age. The sequence has a five-fold lithological subdivision based mainly on the occurrence of grey mudstones within a succession otherwise dominated by fully euxinic black graptolitic mudrocks. Associated with the black mudrocks, especially in the Llandovery, are metabentonite beds which achieve a climax, both in thickness and in number, within the top quarter of the mudrock sequence. A geochemical and mineralogical study has confirmed a volcanic origin for the metabentonites. Major element data highlight a carbonate-dominated environment above the gregarius—convolutus Zones boundary. Phosphorus levels reach a peak at the same boundary, as well as at the Caradoc—Ashgill boundary where phosphorite horizons are known from Wales and Norway. Immobile trace elements have highlighted regular changes in source magma composition. Prolonged periods of crystal fractionation in magmas of intermediate composition gave rise, on eruption, to large volumes of silicic ash which had a deleterious effect on graptolite species and led to local extinctions. Regular fluctuations in ash composition from silicic to intermediate are ascribed to alternating fractionation and magma mixing cycles.

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