scholarly journals Complex Assessment and Forecasting of Chemical Pollution of Small Rivers by Economic and Mathematical Modelling Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-469
Author(s):  
Halyna B. Humeniuk ◽  
Volodymyr O. Khomenchuk ◽  
Nataliia M. Harmatiy ◽  
Iryna B. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Unio Pictorum

The purpose of this work is to determine the hydrochemical parameters of the water of the river Seret and the features of the accumulation of heavy metals by bivalve molluscs Unio pictorum L. to predict the chemical contamination of the reservoir in the near future. Water samples for the study were taken in spring (April) and summer (July) from the Seret River at two points: above and below Ternopil. It is established that the chemical composition of the water of the river Seret is formed under the influence of a number of factors, but seasonal and anthropogenic factors play a dominant role. In the spring season, a number of hydrochemical indicators (pH, water hardness, concentration of ΝΟ 2-, ΝН4+, Сl- ions and metals) have lower values than in the summer. In addition, there is an increase in the amount of organic matter, ammonium cations, nitrite ions, chloride ions, phosphate ions and a decrease in oxygen concentration below Ternopil, especially in the summer season. This is evidence that the Seret River is under significant anthropogenic impact. An increase in the concentration of metals (Mn, Cu and Pb) in summer below Ternopil was revealed, which may be due to the discharge of insufficiently treated wastewater. The series of metal concentrations in the water of the Seret River looks as follows Mn → Zn → Pb → Cd → Cu, and the series of accumulation of metals in the tissues of molluscs Unio pictorum L. has the form Zn → Mn → Cu → Pb → Cd. On the basis of bioaccumulation coefficients of heavy metals by molluscs, a prediction of the situation on their content in water for the short term based on the theory of Markov chains was made. This theory allows us to make forecasts of a factor, taking into account the possibility of accidental influences on the environment, and to investigate the highest probability of finding a factor in a certain numerical parameter. The possibility of using economic and mathematical modelling tools and statistical methods based on correlation-regression analysis using modern Matlab information systems to identify correlations between chemical indicators of water quality and biological molluscs for modelling the environmental situation of the river Seret and assessing the contribution of the studied indicators in pollution of small rivers is shown.

scholarly journals SOIL MONITORING IN THE ZONE OF INFLUENCE OF ASPHALT-CONCRETE PLANT

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
A.D. Shakirova ◽  
A.A. Islamova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Soil Monitoring ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
State Study ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Contamination Of Soils

This article deals with the contamination of soils by oil products, chloride ions and heavy metals in the territory of the asphalt plant. The analysis of soil samples for the content of heavy metals was carried out by gravimetric and fluorometric methods. The soil is able to absorb technogenic impurities and also accumulate contaminants, including heavy metals, which, if excess, exhibit toxic properties, slowly breaking down under natural conditions and entering the cycle of trophic chains. The analysis of the selected soil sample was carried out in the laboratory of environmental monitoring of physico-chemical pollution of the environment in Birsk, Republic of Bashkortostan. Research shows there is an excess in majority of the investigated parameters are observed in the territory of the asphalt plant. The totality of the results of the soil state study in the area adjacent to the asphalt plant revealed a considerable level of soil contamination corresponding to significant degree of technogenic depletion. In its turn it speaks of the operation of technological equipment and a long working life.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION OF SURFACE WATERS OF THE RIVER DNIEPER FROM THE RECREATIONAL ZONES OF THE LEFT BANK OF ZAPORIZHZHIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (37) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
O. Troicka ◽  
K. Belokon ◽  
Y. Manidina ◽  
V. Ryzkov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
The Impact

The problem of environmental safety is relevant for all water recreational facilities in Ukraine. The quality of the natural environment, and, accordingly, the scale of the recreational use of water bodies largely depends on the impact on natural complexes of various unfavorable anthropogenic factors. These include, first of all, the release of untreated and insufficiently treated wastewater, pollution of water bodies by wastewater from unsettled territories of industrial and agricultural use, air pollution by pollutants, etc. These anthropogenic influences limit the recreational possibilities of aquatorial natural complexes and are dangerous for the health of vacationers.In addition to physical and chemical pollution, biological pollution of surface waters has become widespread, in particular microbial, the test indicator of which is E. coli, saprophytic bacteria and enterococci. When ingested, they can cause acute intestinal infections, fever, nausea, etc.It was determined in the work that the average annual number of saprophytic bacteria, for five years of research, varied from 25.5 to 35.5 thousand cells/cm3, which within the ecological classification corresponds to the IV class and 6 categories of water quality , according to the degree of pollution «dirty»).The results of the assessment of bacterial contamination of the surface waters of the river. The Dnieper from the recreational zones of the Left Bank of Zaporizhzhia over a five-year period indicate an unstable ecological state of the studied waters according to such bacterial indicators as the PEC index and the number of saprophytic bacteria. This makes it necessary to carry out environmental protection measures in order to increase the level of environmental safety in the zones of water recreation.

scholarly journals Biomonitoring of Chemical Pollution of Coppice Oak Forests on The Green Area of Voronezh Using Oak Gallflies

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Ирина Казбанова ◽  
Irina Kazbanova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Green Area ◽  
Entire Complex

The article is devoted to the monitoring of chemical pollution of coppice oak forests in the green area of Voronezh on the basis of use of oak gallflies as biomonitors. Object of research – the coppice oak forests of green zones along the major highways that are why they are continuously exposed to the entire complex of polluting chemicals in the environment – air and soil, atmospheric precipitation. For conservation and development, as well as the normal functioning and management of forest ecosystems it is extremely important to constantly know the current status of natural objects and parameters, polluting factors. The article investigates chemical pollution of coppice oak forests in the green area of the city of Voronezh from positions of optimized monitoring. Previously, it was found that the most potent source of chemical pollution of coppice oak forests is vehicles, which pollute the environment with combustion products of carbon, but the most important are heavy metals, since the higher plants are recognized as reservoirs for heavy metals contained in the air and soil. Biomonitoring of chemical contamination of vegetation along roads can be effective with higher plants. We investigated the possibility and feasibility of biomonitoring of chemical contamination in coppice oak forests with the help of gallflies, living on oak. We suppose that oak gallflies are promising biomonitor because they have several advantages: a lot of gallflies very sensitive to chemical air pollution and plant hosts, they are sensitive indicator of changes in environmental conditions, which is primarily manifested in the intensity and nature of galeopsifolia processes. Cecidia of gallflies are accessible to observation, they are relatively easily diagnosed in relation to the species; focusing on them, and it is easier to replace changes in the environment than to track those changes directly on the vegetation cover or in geophysical environments.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF LEVEL POLLUTION OF IVANOVO CITY WITH HEAVY METALS AND OIL PRODUCTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Mashkin ◽  
Tatyana V. Izvekova ◽  
Andrei A. Gushchin ◽  
Vladimir I. Grinevich
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Reasonable Assumption ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Oil Hydrocarbons

In given study the results of measurements of heavy metals content (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Co, Ni, Mn) and oil hydrocarbons in a soil cover of Ivanovo city are presented. The chemical pollution of soils was estimated with the comparison of obtained results with normalized values as well as on parameters which are indicators of unfavorable impact on a population health that is on the coefficient of concentration of chemical substance (Kc) and total parameter of chemical pollution (Zc). It has been established that the content of lead and oil products exceeds the standardized values by a factor of 6.7 and 3.9 times, respectively, and for all other controlled compounds their concentrations in all the test samples exceed the background values, with the exception of cobalt and manganese. For a determination of level pollution and for revealing main sources of anthropogenic impact the territory under study was divided on the following zones:  buffer areas of gasoline stands, zones with the intensive vehicular traffic and residential zones. On Zc value the residential zones refer to category of permissible level of pollution (Zc<16) whereas territories near roads and gasoline stands are characterized with the average level of pollution (16<Zc<32). The dynamics of the change in the value of the complex indicator of the level of chemical contamination of soil (Zc) for the period from 1999 to 2014 indicates a deterioration in the environmental condition of the soil, namely, the value of Zc increased from 12 to 18, which is probably associated with growth of vehicles (an average increase of 6% per year). On the basis of the method of geochemical mapping the reasonable assumption was made that the main contribution to soil contamination is provided by local sources of city.Forcitation:Mashkin D.V., Izvekova Т.V., Gushchin A.A., Grinevich V.I. Assessment of level pollution of Ivanovo city with heavy metals and oil products. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 5. P. 94-99

scholarly journals Aquatic macrophytes as indicators of heavy metal pollution of water in DTD canal system

2003 ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodanka Pajevic ◽  
Mirjana Vuckovic ◽  
Zarko Kevresan ◽  
Milan Matavulj ◽  
Snezana Radulovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Drainage Waters

The aim of this investigation was to establish the presence or absence of chemical contamination of water and the littoral zone (banks) of Danube-Tisza-Danube (DTD) canal system. The investigation covered the canal section from Bezdan to Prigrevica. By analyzing the chemical composition of dominant aquatic species in four locations of the section, we defined the species with the highest capacity to accumulate nutrients and heavy metals. Concentrations of P and K as well as of a beneficial element Na in the tissues of the analyzed macrophytes were both species- and site-dependent. The highest accumulation was registered for Ceratophyllum demersum while the species Elodea canadensis showed increased P and K accumulation values in the location Sombor. The lowest concentrations of almost all heavy metals were recorded near Sombor, indicating that this section suffered the lowest chemical pollution. Highest concentrations of all of the analyzed heavy metals were recorded in the tissue of Ceratophyllum demersum from the location Prigrevica, possibly due to the influx of polluted drainage waters from surrounding agricultural areas as well as industrial wastewaters. The obtained results showed that the enforcement of biomonitoring and analyses of other parameters indicative of ecosystem conditions might be useful for improved protection of areas experiencing a strong human impact.

The main principles and results of pollution monitoring of sediments in the river basin

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
B. Korzhenevsky ◽  
Gleb Tolkachev ◽  
Nikolay Kolomiycev
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Volga River Basin ◽  
Ivankovo Reservoir ◽  
Selection Of

The problems of modern geological ecology associated with the study of pollution of sediments of water bodies by heavy metals are considered. The Volga River basin is quite heterogeneous, both in geomorphological and hydrological terms, and in thechnogenical development and usage. A fourrank taxonomy is presented for the selection of sites for monitoring, based on a combination of natural, landscape, climatic and thechnogenical factors. To the largest – the highest taxon – sites of the Ist category – bowls of reservoirs with the slopes and the urban zones, industrial and agricultural structures located within them are carried. Within these areas are allocated to smaller taxa, areas category IInd are the industrial and urban zones, areas category IIIrd are the small rivers without significant contamination and areas category IVth to conduct special observations. The examples of special observations in the study of the annual migration of heavy metals in the system «bottom sediments – water column» on the Ivankovo reservoir are highlighted. The investigations were carried out under the conditions of the standard flow rate for this reservoir and in the conditions of slow water exchange.

Effect of Wastewater on the Soil and Irrigation Process: A Laboratory Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athar Hussain ◽  
Manjeeta Priyadarshi ◽  
Saif Said ◽  
Suraj Negi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Industrial Sewage ◽  
Concentration Levels

Most of the industrial sewage effluents used for irrigation contains heavy metals which cause toxicity to crop plants as the soils are able to accumulate heavy metal for many years. The vegetables grown for the present study were irrigated with treated wastewater brought from a nearby full-scale sewage treatment plant at different compositions along with tap water as a control. The concentration levels of the Cd, Co, Cu, Mn and Zn in the soil were found to below the toxic limits as prescribed in literature. Daily Intake Metals (DIM) values suggest that the consumption of plants grown in treated wastewater and tap water is nearly free of risks, as the dietary intake limits of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn. The Enrichment Factor for the treated wastewater irrigated soil was found in order Zn> Ni> Pb> Cr> Cu> Co> Mn> Cd. Thus, treated wastewater can be effectively used for irrigation. This will have twofold significant environmental advantages: (1) helpful to reduce the groundwater usage for irrigation and (2) helpful to reduce the stress on surface water resources.

scholarly journals Source and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil–Ginger System in the Jing River Basin of Shandong Province, North China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6749
Author(s):  
Songtao Wang ◽  
Zongjun Gao ◽  
Yuqi Zhang ◽  
Hairui Zhang ◽  
Zhen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Cr Content

This study investigated the characteristics and sources of heavy metals in a soil–ginger system and assessed their health risks. To this end, 321 topsoil samples and eight soil samples from a soil profile, and 18 ginger samples with root–soil were collected from a ginger-planting area in the Jing River Basin. The average concentration of heavy metals in the topsoil followed the order: Cr > Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > As > Cd > Hg. In the soil profile, at depths greater than 80 cm, the contents of Cr, Ni, and Zn tended to increase with depth, which may be related to the parent materials, whereas As and Cu contents showed little change. In contrast, Pb content decreased sharply from top to bottom, which may be attributable to external environmental and anthropogenic factors. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd contents in soil are affected by natural sources, Pb and As contents are significantly affected by human activities, and Hg content is affected by farmland irrigation. Combined results of the single pollution index (Pi), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), and potential ecological risk assessment (Ei and RI) suggest that soil in the study area is generally not polluted by heavy metals. In ginger, Zn content was the highest (2.36 mg/kg) and Hg content was the lowest (0.0015 mg/kg). Based on the bioconcentration factor, Cd and Zn have high potential for enrichment in ginger. With reference to the limit of heavy metals in tubers, Cr content in ginger exceeds the standard in the study area. Although Cr does not accumulate in ginger, Cr enrichment in soil significantly increases the risk of excessive Cr content in ginger.

scholarly journals Seaweeds As a “Palatable” Challenge between Innovation and Sustainability: A Systematic Review of Food Safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7652
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Cavallo ◽  
Chiara Lorini ◽  
Giuseppe Garamella ◽  
Guglielmo Bonaccorsi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Food System ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Novel Foods ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Polluted Sites ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Food

Moderate or severe food insecurity affect 2 billion people worldwide. The four pillars of food security (availability, access, use and stability) are in danger due to the impact of climatic and anthropogenic factors which impact on the food system. Novel foods, like seaweeds, have the potential to increase food yields so that to contribute in preventing or avoiding future global food shortages. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess microbiological, chemical, physical, and allergenic risks associated with seaweed consumption. Four research strings have been used to search for these risks. Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were applied. Finally, 39 articles met the selected criteria. No significant hazards for microbiological, allergenic, and physical risks were detected. Regarding chemical risk, algae can accumulate various heavy metals, especially when harvested in polluted sites. Cultivating seaweeds in a controlled environment allows to avoid this risk. Periodic checks will be necessary on the finished products to monitor heavy metals levels. Since the consumption of algae seems to be on the rise everywhere, it seems to be urgent that food control authorities establish the safety levels to which eating algae does not represent any risk for human health.

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