scholarly journals Effect of Radon on oncological morbidity of the population: comparative analysis of some regions of Ukraine and France

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 585-595
Author(s):  
O.O. Lebed ◽  
M.O. Klymenko ◽  
A.V. Lysytsya ◽  
V.O. Myslinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Radon Emanation ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Volumetric Activity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Comparative Description ◽  
Measurement Campaigns

<p><span lang="EN-US">Radon contributes about 50% to the total annual effective dose of human radioactive irradiation. This gas is the main radiological pollutant of ecosystems. The question of studying the effect of radon on increasing the risk of the incidence of lung cancer is relevant in the context of European sanitary and hygienic research. We give in this article a comparative description of the results of experimental studies of volumetric activity of radon inside the air of the first floors of residential premises in Corsica island (France) and town of Rivne (Ukraine). «Kodak-alpha» integrated solid-state track detectors were used in France for three measurement campaigns between 1990 and 1999 (152 measurements in residential buildings and 638 in the schools of the island). In Ukraine, we did research using the “Alfarad Plus” Express Radon meter from 2013 to 2017 (200 measurements in the apartments of the first floors of buildings). The regions studied are similar in several parameters, which affect the increase in the percentage of cancer diseases: geology of underlying soils, the structure of housing and building material, the number of people and incidence of lung cancer, smoking factor, etc. We found that the volume activity (VA) of radon in indoor air in-house compared regions have close in value. The main reason is the similarity of the underlying granites in terms of radon emanation power. The average geometric value of radon VA in living quarters for various measurement campaigns in Corsica is in the range from 81 to 152 Bq/m<sup>3</sup> (the average of them is 134 Bq/m<sup>3</sup>). This value for Rivne is 127 Bq/m<sup>3</sup>. VA of radon in residential areas of Rivne have a lognormal distribution. Building norms for equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity (EEVA) of radon in the premises of Rivne are exceeded in 6.6% of buildings, Corsica - from 6 to 10% (this depends on the measurement campaign). Here, the average concentration of radon in housing is over 400 Bq/m<sup>3</sup>. We calculated the relative risk of lung cancer incidence due to radon for the population of the studied regions. The Jacobi and BEIR-VI models were used for Rivne for 70 years of exposure, and the BEIR-VI model was taken for Corsica for 110 years of exposure. The proportion of deaths from lung cancer is in Corsica from 30 to 48%, while for Rivne - about 50%. Consequently, the percentages of deaths from lung cancer caused by radon with an average value of VA in housing 134 Bq/m<sup>3</sup>, for men and women Corsica are 21.3% and 22.6% respectively (21.5% for the entire population) of the total number of deaths from this disease. In the quantitative form it is 33 people (men - 28, women - 5) out of 155 people died for a year from lung cancer. For residents of Rivne, the percentage of deaths from lung cancer is 25.1%, average value of VA in housing is 127 Bq/m<sup>3</sup>. 53 people die on average for a year from lung cancer caused by radon (men - 47, women - 6) of 214 deaths per year lung cancer lot. A preliminary assessment of the synergistic interaction between smoking and radon showed that there could be a 50% increase in morbidity due to radon for smokers, compared to non-smokers. However, these data are not sufficiently representative and therefore further research is needed.</span><span lang="EN-US">Rivne; Corsica; living rooms; volumetric activity of radon; lung cancer</span></p>

scholarly journals Utilisation Des Tubes A Diffusion Passive Pour La Surveillance De La Pollution Automobile Dans La Ville De Meknes

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Ibrahim El Ghazi ◽  
Imane Berni ◽  
Aziza Menouni ◽  
Marie-Paule Kestemont ◽  
Mohammed Amane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Traffic Emission ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Diffusion Tubes ◽  
Very High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The City ◽  
Measurement Campaigns

Road traffic emission is one of the major sources of air pollution which can cause several human health problems including cardiorespiratory diseases. The aim of our study is to monitor air quality in Meknes city (Morocco) by measuring nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and benzene (C6H6) concentration mainly generated by road traffic. To this end, we deployed passive diffusion tubes at 14 sampling sites during two measurement campaigns in the summer of 2014 and the winter of 2015 using car and underground proximity sites. In parallel with the winter measurement campaign, road traffic counting sessions were conducted on the main roads of the city in order to determine average daily traffic intensity. Results of this study show that the atmospheric concentrations of NO2 and C6H6 reach maximum values in the city center and decrease towards its periphery. The average value of NO2 in all targeted sites was around 32, 59 μg / m3, which is lower than the EU limit of 40 μg / m3. The average concentration of C6H6 in Meknes was equal to 1,77 μg / m3, a value close to the quality objective set by the European Union (2 μg / m3) and well below the annual Moroccan limit (10 μg / m3). The use of GIS (geographic information system) for coupling the results of measurement campaigns and those of traffic counting made it possible to determine the areas most affected by these tracers and thus to set up very high spatial resolution cartography.

Associated risks of lung cancer with radon emanation

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-236
Author(s):  
O. Khamdiyeva ◽  
◽  
Z.M. Biyasheva ◽  
Yu.A. Zaripova ◽  
A.A. Nurmukhanbetova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Radon Emanation

Optimal Scheduling Method of Controllable Loads in DC Smart Apartment Building

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 579-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsubasa Shimoji ◽  
Hayato Tahara ◽  
Hidehito Matayoshi ◽  
Atsushi Yona ◽  
Tomonobu Senjyu
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Optimal Scheduling ◽  
Electricity Pricing ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Pricing Scheme ◽  
Scheduling Method

Abstract From the perspective of global warming suppression and the depletion of energy resources, renewable energies, such as the solar collector (SC) and photovoltaic generation (PV), have been gaining attention in worldwide. Houses or buildings with PV and heat pumps (HPs) are recently being used in residential areas widely due to the time of use (TOU) electricity pricing scheme which is essentially inexpensive during middle-night and expensive during day-time. If fixed batteries and electric vehicles (EVs) can be introduced in the premises, the electricity cost would be even more reduced. While, if the occupants arbitrarily use these controllable loads respectively, power demand in residential buildings may fluctuate in the future. Thus, an optimal operation of controllable loads such as HPs, batteries and EV should be scheduled in the buildings in order to prevent power flow from fluctuating rapidly. This paper proposes an optimal scheduling method of controllable loads, and the purpose is not only the minimization of electricity cost for the consumers, but also suppression of fluctuation of power flow on the power supply side. Furthermore, a novel electricity pricing scheme is also suggested in this paper.

The Green Building Environment of the Gymnasium

2018 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 202-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Qian ◽  
Li Yang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Outdoor Environments ◽  
Area Planning

The natural ventilation of residential areas has placed more and more emphasis on residential area planning, according to the relationship between natural ventilation environments and the layout of architecture, we can reduce the energy consumption and the adverse effect of wind outdoors, improve the living environment and quality of life, making harmony between human and the nature. In this paper, we use Air-Pak to simulate the wind environment of residential areas. Through analyzing and simulating the air field which forms when the wind blows around the residential buildings by Air-Pak, we explain the advantage of the combination of computer simulation software and residential area planning. And we give some advice to the layout of the outdoor environment early in the residential planning area by the simulation of outdoor environments of buildings.

scholarly journals Adaptability and transferability of flood loss functions in residential areas

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 3485-3527 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Cammerer ◽  
A. H. Thieken ◽  
J. Lammel
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Loss Functions ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Damage Functions ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Flood Loss ◽  
Loss Data

Abstract. Flood loss modeling is an important component within flood risk assessments. Traditionally, stage-damage functions are used for the estimation of direct monetary damage to buildings. Although it is known that such functions are governed by large uncertainties, they are commonly applied – even in different geographical regions – without further validation, mainly due to the lack of data. Until now, little research has been done to investigate the applicability and transferability of such damage models to other regions. In this study, the last severe flood event in the Austrian Lech Valley in 2005 was simulated to test the performance of various damage functions for the residential sector. In addition to common stage-damage curves, new functions were derived from empirical flood loss data collected in the aftermath of recent flood events in the neighboring Germany. Furthermore, a multi-parameter flood loss model for the residential sector was adapted to the study area and also evaluated by official damage data. The analysis reveals that flood loss functions derived from related and homogenous regions perform considerably better than those from more heterogeneous datasets. To illustrate the effect of model choice on the resulting uncertainty of damage estimates, the current flood risk for residential areas was assessed. In case of extreme events like the 300 yr flood, for example, the range of losses to residential buildings between the highest and the lowest estimates amounts to a factor of 18, in contrast to properly validated models with a factor of 2.3. Even if the risk analysis is only performed for residential areas, more attention should be paid to flood loss assessments in future. To increase the reliability of damage modeling, more loss data for model development and validation are needed.

scholarly journals Radon retrospective dosimetry in different environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
I. Giaritzoglou ◽  
X. Aslanoglou ◽  
K. C. Stamoulis ◽  
S. Alexandropoulou ◽  
K. G. Ioannides
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Alpha Spectrometry ◽  
Conversion Factor ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Retrospective Dosimetry ◽  
Glass Surfaces ◽  
Polonium 210Po

In the present study of retrospective dosimetry, measurements or Radon (222Rn) and Polonium (210Po) were performed. Radon is a radioactive gas and is concentrated in the interior of residential buildings and working places and is considered as a primary cause of lung cancer. To evaluate measurements in different environments, alpha spectrometry was employed in estimating exposure to radon in various locations over a long period of time (hence, the use of the term “retrospective”) through exposure of plastic and glass surfaces. Following these measurements, the Conversion Factor (CF) was calculated. This factor correlates the measured surface concentrations of 210Po with the 222Rn concentrations in the environments under study.

scholarly journals Dual Nature of Relationship between Mycobacteria and Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8332
Author(s):  
Marek Fol ◽  
Piotr Koziński ◽  
Jakub Kulesza ◽  
Piotr Białecki ◽  
Magdalena Druszczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Antitumor Agents ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Mycobacterium Ulcerans ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Mycobacterial Infections ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
The Relationship

Although the therapeutic effect of mycobacteria as antitumor agents has been known for decades, recent epidemiological and experimental studies have revealed that mycobacterium-related chronic inflammation may be a possible mechanism of cancer pathogenesis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous Mycobacterium avium complex infections have been implicated as potentially contributing to the etiology of lung cancer, whereas Mycobacterium ulcerans has been correlated with skin carcinogenesis. The risk of tumor development with chronic mycobacterial infections is thought to be a result of many host effector mechanisms acting at different stages of oncogenesis. In this paper, we focus on the nature of the relationship between mycobacteria and cancer, describing the clinical significance of mycobacteria-based cancer therapy as well as epidemiological evidence on the contribution of chronic mycobacterial infections to the increased lung cancer risk.

scholarly journals STUDI EVALUASI MODEL BENTUK ATAP DAN FENOMENA KEBAKARAN PENYEBAB LISTRIK PADA RUMAH TINGGAL MENENGAH KE BAWAH DI PEMUKIMAN PADAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Amat Rahmat ◽  
Eddy Prianto ◽  
Setia Budi Sasongko
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Residential Areas

Abstract: This research study discusses the phenomenon of fires that occur in several major cities in Indonesia in residential buildings in dense residential areas. In the case of this fire will be evaluated a variety of data on the cause of fire due to short circuit from electricity and record photos of objects typology of the form of residential roofs that burned around the location of the results of reports and documentation of publications media sources both newspapers and online media. Examples of cases of fire that were evaluated and discussed were taken from 2015 and 2018. Keyword: Roof Forms, Causes of Electricity, Homes Abstrak: Studi penelitian ini membahas tentang fenomena kebakaran yang terjadi di beberapa kota besar di Indonesia pada bangunan rumah tinggal yang ada di kawasan pemukiman padat. Pada kasus kebakaran ini akan dievaluasi berbagai data penyebab timbulnya api akibat hubungan arus pendek dari listrik dan merekam foto objek tipologi bentuk atap rumah tinggal yang terbakar di sekitar lokasi hasil dari laporan serta dokumentasi sumber media publikasi baik koran maupun media online. Contoh kasus kejadian kebakaran yang dievaluasi dan menjadi pembahasan diambil dari tahun 2015 sampai dengan bulan Juli 2018.    Kata Kunci: Bentuk Atap, Penyebab Listrik, Rumah Tinggal

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MICROBIAL CARBONATE MINERALIZATION ON HYDROPHOBICITY OF A CEMENT STONE SURFACE

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
U. Duhanina ◽  
V. Strokova ◽  
D. Balickiy
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Wetting Angle ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Stone Surface ◽  
Lysinibacillus Sphaericus ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Microbial Carbonate ◽  
Contact Wetting Angle ◽  
The Relationship

The effect of microbial carbonate mineralization on increasing the hydrophobicity of the cement stone surface is theoretically justified and experimentally confirmed. Based on experimental studies and analysis of literature data, the main stages of microbial-induced sedimentation of calcium carbonate on the surface of a cement stone are formulated. Changes in the morphology of the cement stone surface due to crystalline new formations formed during biomineralization in the postgenetic period are described. It is shown that biocolmatation of the interstitial space of a cement stone by crystalline new formations leads to an increase in hydrophobicity, as evidenced by an increase in the contact wetting angle. The relationship between the change in the concentration of calcium in neoplasms and the average value of the contact wetting angle on the surface of the cement stone from the type of bacterial culture is established. According to chemical and morphological analysis of bioinduction tumors on the surface of samples and also evaluation of changes of the contact angle compared to the original index for cement, bacterial cultures are ranked in order to increase the efficiency of use for sedimentation of calcium carbonate with their participation, as well as increase of cement materials hydrophobicity in the following sequence: Sporosarcina pasteurii  Bacillus megaterium  Lysinibacillus sphaericus  Bacillus pumilus.

Radon Health Impact Assessment and Risk Communication in Sardinia Region 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Cori ◽  
Massimo Cappai ◽  
Ivana Dettori ◽  
Natalina Loi ◽  
Pierpaolo Nurchis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Health Impact Assessment ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Attributable Fraction ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Communication Activity ◽  
Radon Risk ◽  
Radon Monitoring

&lt;p&gt;INTRODUCTION&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Following the recommendations of the National Prevention Plan, the Sardinia Region Department of Hygiene, Health and Social Security has promoted a programme dedicated to protecting the population from exposure to radon gas. The plan included: radon monitoring activities during a dedicated campaign based on geological mapping; radon Health Impact Assessment, HIA; drafting of &amp;#8220;Guidelines for the construction/renovation of buildings&amp;#8221;; community involvement and a radon risks communication campaign.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVES&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To present the development of the HIA based on radon environment monitoring data and the communication process.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;METHODS&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Radon risk mapping combined the knowledge of geological composition of Sardinia Island and the results obtained by monitoring with dedicated devices.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;HIA was implemented calculating cases attributable (CA) to radon exposure, combining the following parameters: Relative Risk (available by literature); mortality rate of lung cancer prevalence/incidence rate (baseline); exposed population size; radon concentration target.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The radon monitoring campaign required a widespread communication activity, while the results communication activity, based on a dedicated plan, involved multiple stakeholders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;RESULTS&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the basis of radon concentration data estimated by ARPAS, the HIA procedure estimated lung cancer deaths attributable to radon in areas of different exposure and throughout Sardinia. In the whole region, with an average concentration of 116 Bq/m3, radon-attributable cases were estimated at 143 out of 832 total expected deaths (attributable fraction 17.2%); in the area most at risk, including 49 municipalities, with an estimated average concentration of 202 Bq/m3, radon-attributable deaths were 13 out of 55 total (attributable fraction 23.6%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The parameters of the algorithm and the results were presented and discussed with the local working groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A specific radon monitoring activity developed in schools helped to focus the efforts on the protection of school goers as vulnerable and susceptible groups. Urgent renovation and improvement activities in school and in other public administration buildings throughout the region were carried out.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Six guided discussions and four training sessions during six months were held to develop HIA and communication activities. A meeting to present the work was held in Nuoro town in October 2019, where information material was distributed and public attention raised around the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The communication process aggregated several stakeholders including: civil servants in the field of health and the environment; public administrators; health professionals committed to spread knowledge about radon-free building.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;CONCLUSIONS&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The objectives of the regional program were focused to: - protect Sardinian population from radon risk, with special reference to vulnerable and susceptible subjects, particularly radon exposed smokers; - spread knowledge about risks; - inform about the opportunities to reduce risks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results indicate that the health of populations living in radon-exposed areas can be significantly improved by reducing exposure to radon and synergistic risk factors. It is essential to strengthen awareness-raising activities using historical and acquired knowledge and to monitor progress in order to reinforce further action, as these activities should be planned for the long term.&lt;/p&gt;

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document