scholarly journals Екологічні особливості епізоотичних процесів

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (78) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
B.M. Kurtyak ◽  
M.S. Romanovych ◽  
T.O. Pundyak ◽  
М.М. Romanovych ◽  
L.V. Romanovych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Rational Plan

In the emergence, development and flow of epizootics, environmental features are often not taken into account as causative agents of infectious diseases – stability in the external environment, range, adaptation to different types of animals, and vectors and reservoir of pathogens. Epizootology, studying the ecological interrelations of animals, reveals the patterns of prediction of epizootics, the elucidation of which is essential for the development of a plan for antiepizootic measures. A rational plan of measures, developed on the basis of an informed forecast, ensures its effectiveness.Epizootological geography, which studies the spread of infectious animal diseases in various natural and geographical conditions, allows us to disclose the significance of various external factors. In addition, with its help you can not only describe the territory of the spread of various infectious diseases, but also explain the geography of diseases, the history of their origin and development. As a result, it is possible to draw up prognostic maps that identify areas with favorable and unfavorable conditions for the spread of diseases and give predictions of some epizootics that occur seasonally or after a certain number of years. A significant number of infectious diseases are anthropozoonoses, and the areas of their spread are associated with physical and geographical zones in which natural foci are historically formed.The study of epizootology, from the point of view of ecology, enriches the knowledge of epizootological regularities. The ecology of animals studies the interrelationships of living organisms, the way of their life in connection with the conditions of existence in the environment, the dynamics of the number of species and the peculiarity of biocenoses. 

scholarly journals Interaction between mycotoxins and causative agents of swine infective diseases

2011 ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
Jasna Prodanov-Radulovic ◽  
Radoslav Dosen ◽  
Igor Stojanov ◽  
Ivan Pusic ◽  
Milica Zivkov-Balos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Swine Farms ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Immunological System

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of fungi that can contaminate animal feeds at all stages of food production chain. Consumption of feed contaminated with mycotoxins may result in immunosuppression, which represents a predisposing factor for occurence of infectious diseases in livestock. The influence on immune system is of special interest in swine industry. The technology on swine farms demands frequent vaccinations, which may be a problem in the case of immunocompromised animals. The aim of this paper was evaluation of mycotoxin influence on swine farms, as secondary factors for destabilization of animals? immunological system. Material for this research included the samples from five swine farms, where health disorders, i.e. clinical and patomorphological signs resembling the problem with infectious diseases in different swine categories, were detected. The applied research methods included: epidemiological and clinical evaluation, pathomorphological examination, laboratory testing of bacteriological and virusological tissue originating from dead animals, and microbiological feed testing in order to examine the presence of fungi and mycotoxins. The obtained results indicated the existence of positive interaction between mycotoxins and causative agents of swine infective diseases. Despite continual pharmaco- and immunoprophylaxis in swine, the health problems of bacterial ethiology (colibacilosis, enteroxemia, dysentery, pneumonia, endometritis) were detected. From an epidemiological point of view, the presence of mycotoxins in animal feed may induce a breakdown of active immunity and occurrence of disease even in properly vaccinated animals.

scholarly journals A CULTURE OF SELFISHNESS AS A FACTOR IN THE CONTINUATION OF THE PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-416
Author(s):  
A.V. Merenkov
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Compulsory Vaccination ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
True Knowledge

The pandemic, which lasts for two years, has significantly changed all aspects of people's social life due to restrictions on the usual forms of behavior of people in everyday life, public places, and at work. A person is put in a situation of choice: either continue to interact with relatives, friends, colleagues at work on the basis of stereotypes of behavior, but in a pandemic that poses a threat of unintentional infection with coronavirus, or strictly observe the rules of partial or complete isolation. The practice of organizing the behavior prescribed by the sanitary service of large groups of people has shown that a significant part of the population resists the requirements to wear personal protective equipment, to vaccinate with promptly created vaccines against coronavirus. Authorities are forced to impose increasingly stringent measures on violators of doctors' instructions. In the article, the clash of individual and public interests in a pandemic situation is analyzed from the point of view of a theory that reveals the essence and content of a culture of selfishness. It is a system created by people throughout the history of social development to increase the natural selfishness given to all living organisms, including humans. Some social groups, through cunning, lying, psychological and physical coercion, provide personal benefits, while others use these behaviors to preserve themselves, their families. The negative attitude of people to regulations that destroy traditional social ties, compulsory vaccination is considered as a manifestation of individual and group selfishness, formed on the basis of affirming the priority of personal freedom, their own ideas about how to protect the body from various diseases. In the actions of the part of the medical community that is trying not by the method of explanation, persuasion to develop a vaccination kit in people, but to force with the help of severe restrictions to force it, corporate selfishness is being implemented. Those who are guided by it attribute their possession of true knowledge to themselves, rejecting other options for combating the pandemic. The article states that acting on the basis of values and norms of a culture of cooperation, it is possible to achieve the desired success in suppressing coronavirus infection. The conditions for the transition of social subjects from the implementation of the rules of a culture of egoism to the adoption of values and norms of a culture of cooperation are revealed.

scholarly journals Rut 4:18�22: �n Venster na Israel se verlede?

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerda De Villiers
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Second Temple ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Second Temple Period ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
Chronicles 2 ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sense Of Identity ◽  
Davidic Monarchy

Ruth 4:18�22: A window to Israel�s past. The genealogy at the end of the Book of Ruth starts with Perez and ends with David, thereby covering Israel�s history since the time of the sojourn in Egypt to the Davidic monarchy. This article focuses on Ruth 4:18�22 and what its genealogy may reveal. After a brief review of different types of genealogies in the Hebrew Bible, the problematic dating of the Book of Ruth becomes secondary; however, a particular perspective will determine the rest of the interpretation of the genealogy. My point of view in this article is that the Book of Ruth dates back to the period of the Second Temple. I examine the following issues: the connection between Ruth 4:18�22 and 1 Chronicles 2:4�15, as David�s genealogy appears only in these two passages of the Hebrew Bible; the connection between the ten-member genealogy in the Book of Ruth and similar ten-member genealogies of Genesis; and whether Ruth 4:18�22 is a later addendum to the text or part of the original. The conclusion to these questions is that the genealogy of the Book of Ruth is similar to those in Genesis, and that it was part of the original book. The median of the genealogy of the Book of Ruth takes place in the desert with Nahshon as the representative of that era. Nahshon�s sister happens to be married to Aaron whose priesthood is elevated above the rest of the tribe of Levi, and to whose descendants eternal priesthood is promised. Phinehas, his grandson, appears to be extremely intolerant of mixed marriages � an attitude which is later sustained byhis descendant, Ezra, the scribe. The article also touches briefly upon the whole problem of mixed marriages and a sense of identity during the Second Temple period. The conclusion is that the author of the Book of Ruth was written by members of the scholarly circles of this period in opposition to exclusivist circles as to remind the community of the important role that women � especially foreign women � played in the formative history of the nation.

Women in 17th-Century Jerusalem: Western and Indigenous Perspectives

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dror Ze'evi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Local Sources ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Indigenous Perspectives

In writing the history of the Middle East there is one aspect that deserves special attention: the influence of the choice of source material on the writer's point of view. Does the choice of different types of sources—in our case Western as opposed to local sources—really dictate an altogether different view of the matter under discussion? Are all sources of equal value, or should we accord each of them a different place on the scale? In this article an attempt will be made to address this question through an examination of one particular topic—the history of women in 17th-century Jerusalem.

scholarly journals A morning with Louis Pasteur: a short history of the “clean hands”

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro ◽  
Marli Maria Lima
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Short History ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health History ◽  
Public Health History ◽  
History Of

Abstract: This article examines the story of Louis Pasteur from the point of view of a classic movie presented at the Weekly Seminars of the “Oswaldo Cruz Institute”, at the end of the 2017 activities. Although very old, the movie The Story of Louis Pasteur (Warner Bros., 1936) inspired spectators and gave rise to an energetic debate that led the authors to decide for publishing the comments of the Seminar Coordinator, the guest commentator and the audience. The movie communicates to the public the legacy of one of the greatest precursors of the public health history using also fictional characters. The article presents the reliable passages in Pasteur’s biography and the fictional ones, without disrespecting the production of the creators of cinematographic work. The major merit of the movie, one of the first steps towards the policy of scientific diffusion, is to disclose the importance of vaccines and hand hygiene to prevent infectious diseases. The authors argue that the film-maker impeccably captured the scientist’s tenacity in the relentless search for discoveries and Pasteur’s idea that only persistent work can lead to rewarding results, remembering that the context created by previous researchers enabled Pasteur to establish new paradigms. Finally, the authors cite movie passages illustrating realities that are still in force: (i) the inertial resistance of science to new paradigms, illustrated by the medical-scientific community opposing to simple practices proposition, such as washing hands and boiling instruments, and (ii) the excessive confidence, and even arrogance, of some specialists, instead of serenity and humility that arise from committed study and accumulated knowledge.

scholarly journals PROCUREMENT OF SANITARY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL WELFARE IN THE REGION OF CITY-RESORT SOCHI FOR DANGEROUS AND NATURAL-FOCI INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN 2015

2016 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Popova ◽  
A. N. Kulichenko ◽  
O. V. Maletskaya ◽  
V. M. Dubyansky ◽  
A. G. Ryazanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Spotted Fever Group ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Causative Agents

Aim. Analysis of results of epidemiologic monitoring of especially dangerous, natural-foci and other infectious diseases, as well as epizootologic activity of natural foci of infection on the territory of city-resort Sochi. Materials and methods. Laboratory studies of 820 samples by PCR, immune- and bacteriologic methods were carried out, among those 344 - clinical material, 12 - water from open bodies and 321 - field material. Molecular-genetic identification of 143 strains of Vibrio cholerae, isolated from open water bodies of city-resort Sochi, was carried out. Results. Circulation of causative agents of Q fever, tularemia and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome of Dobrava-Adler genotypes was established, as well as rickettsia of tick spotted fever group. Predomination of rotaviruses (70.9%) was detected during study of samples of clinical material in etiologic structure of sporadically emerging acute intestine infections. Relatively high temperature values of river water during summer months (from 18 to 30°C), exit of sulfide mineral waters into the riverbed, that create alkaline medium, seasonal reduction of river debit and speed of water current facilitated sustenance of contamination of water of Agura river by V. cholerae. Conclusion. Activity of natural foci of the infectious disease and contamination of Agura river by V. cholerae 01 (atoxigenic) gives evidence on the necessity of constant control of epidemiologic situation by dangerous and natural-foci infectious diseases on the territory of city-resort Sochi, as well as study regional features of their causative agents, including using genetic methods.

scholarly journals Salinity Factor Effect on Barley Seedlings Incubation

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
B. Asadova
Keyword(s):  
Normal Development ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Negative Direction ◽  
Normal Life ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms ◽  
Factor Effect ◽  
Living Organisms

Stress factors limit the development of living organisms, especially plants, and reduce their productivity. In this regard, the study of the effects of stress factors on plants and the discovery of adaptation mechanisms play an important role in the regulation of stress in the cell. From a biological point of view, stress is considered to be any change in the external environment that impairs the normal development of the plant or changes it in a negative direction. Stresses cause changes in the physiological activity of plants, weaken the process of biosynthesis in the cell, disrupt normal life and ultimately can cause plant death.

Perspectives of Reforming the System of Interbudget Relations in Russia (in the Light of the International Experience)

2006 ◽  
pp. 112-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Nazarov
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Intergovernmental Relations ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Short History ◽  
History Of

The attempts to reconstruct the instruments of interbudget relations take place in all federations. In Russia such attempts are especially popular due to the short history of intergovernmental relations. Thus the review of the ¬international experience of managing interbudget relations to provide economic and social welfare can be useful for present-day Russia. The author develops models of intergovernmental relations from the point of view of making decisions about budget authorities’ distribution. The models that can be better applied in the Russian case are demonstrated.

Beérkezett könyvek

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-770
Author(s):  
Csaba Pléh
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
New Science ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Oxford University Press

Danziger, Kurt: Marking the mind. A history of memory . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2008Farkas, Katalin: The subject’s point of view. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2008MosoninéFriedJudités TolnaiMárton(szerk.): Tudomány és politika. Typotex, Budapest, 2008Iacobini, Marco: Mirroring people. The new science of how we connect with others. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 2008Changeux, Jean-Pierre. Du vrai, du beau, du bien.Une nouvelle approche neuronale. Odile Jacob, PárizsGazzaniga_n

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