scholarly journals Sensitivity of L. casei and E. сoli to active substances of anti-parasitic preparations

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (87) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
R.A. Peleno
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Active Substances

The data of the influence of active substances of anthelmintic and antiprotozoal preparations on the growth of L. casei IMB B-7280 and E. coli 055K59 are provided in the article. Their minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined for these strains of microorganisms and the active substances with which possible simultaneous application of probiotic strain L. casei IMB В-7280 is established. With this aim, the effect on the growth of L. casei IMB B-7280 and E. coli 055K59 and the minimum inhibitory concentration of fenbendazole, levamisole and ivermectin, which are part of the anthelmintic preparations and amprolium, tylosin, sodium sulfadimexone and sodium sulfatyazole, which are active substances of antiprotozoal drugs, were investigated. The determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration of the active substances of antiparasitic agents against these strains of microorganisms was carried out in in vitro experiments by serial dilutions in a dense MRS environment and MPA, and a study of the effect on the growth by diffusion method, followed by measurement of growth retardation zones in millimeters. It is established that among active substances of anthelmintic preparations only phenbendazole caused growth retardation and only relative to L. casei IMB B-7280. Among the active substances of antiprotozoal drugs, sodium sulfatyazole was the most active, which inhibited growth as L. casei IMB-7280 and E. coli 055K59 № 3912/41. Thylosin was effective only in relation to L. casei IMB B-7280 and at the highest concentration of 0.03%, the growth retardation zone was 23.4 ± 0.92 mm. Sodium sulfadimetoxin caused the growth retardation of L. сasei IMB В-7280 only at the highest concentration. The minimum inhibitory concentration of active substances of anti-parasitic drugs was different for strains L. casei IMB B-7280 and E. coli 055K59 № 3912/4. The strongest inhibitory effect was shown by tylosin, which stopped the growth of L. casei IMB B-7280 and E. coli 055K59 № 3912/41 respectively at concentrations of 0.00125 and 50.0 mg/ml. Active substances such as amprolium, levamisole and ivermectin did not significantly inhibit the growth of L. casei, IMB B-7280 and E. coli 055K59 № 3912/41, since their minimal inhibitory concentration was in the range of 4000 to 6000 mg ml.

scholarly journals In-vitro synergistic antibacterial effect of atorvastatin and ampicillin against resistant Staphylococcus spp and E.coli isolated from bovine mastitis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sriraam Sankar ◽  
Ramasamy Thangamalai ◽  
Sriram Padmanaban ◽  
Porteen Kannan ◽  
M R Srinivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Drug ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

AbstractThe colossal rise in antimicrobial resistance has led to treatment failures and so mastitis has become cumbersome to treat. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of non-antibiotic drug, atorvastatin in combination with antimicrobial, ampicillin against two commonly isolated bacterial species Staphylococcus spp and E. coli from bovine mastitis. Milk samples were collected from mastitis cows, visiting Veterinary Clinical Complex. Bacterial isolation was performed using Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar and Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA), followed by characterization and identification by biochemical tests and gram staining. Genotypic confirmation was done by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with subsequent screening for resistant genes-mec A, blaTEM. Antibiotic Sensitivity Test (ABST) of the isolates against 12 different antimicrobials, atorvastatin only, and combination of atorvastatin with ampicillin were performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of ampicillin alone and ampicillin in combination with atorvastatin were determined by modified microdilution method. Staphylococcus spp (77.5%) and E.coli (35%) were the two major pathogens isolated in the current study and multi-drug resistance was observed. Among the antimicrobials, the ampicillin showed 100% resistance against Staphylococcus spp and 85.71% resistance against E. coli. Atorvastatin did not display antibacterial effect as a sole agent but displayed synergistic antibacterial activity with ampicillin. There was an average increase in Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of ampicillin for E.coli and Staphylococcus spp isolates and atorvastatin decreased the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of ampicillin in combination. The ampicillin shows more resistance against both Staphylococcus spp and E.coli, while atorvastatin improves the effect of ampicillin in-vitro. So, atorvastatin may be combined with ampicillin for the treatment of Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections. However, further studies are required to ascertain the exact mechanism of action of atorvastatin with respect to their antibacterial effect for them to be redeployed as an antimicrobial drug in the future.

In Vitro Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Myrsine africana against laboratory Strains of Pathogenic Organisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
pp. 4512
Author(s):  
Jackie K. Obey ◽  
Anthoney Swamy T* ◽  
Lasiti Timothy ◽  
Makani Rachel
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Myrsine Africana

The determination of the antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition) and minimum inhibitory concentration of medicinal plants a crucial step in drug development. In this study, the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanol extract of Myrsine africana were determined for Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The zones of inhibition (mm±S.E) of 500mg/ml of M. africana ethanol extract were 22.00± 0.00 for E. coli,20.33 ±0.33 for B. cereus,25.00± 0.00 for S. epidermidis and 18. 17±0.17 for S. pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) is the minimum dose required to inhibit growth a microorganism. Upon further double dilution of the 500mg/ml of M. africana extract, MIC was obtained for each organism. The MIC for E. coli, B. cereus, S. epidermidis and S. pneumoniae were 7.81mg/ml, 7.81mg/ml, 15.63mg/ml and 15.63mg/ml respectively. Crude extracts are considered active when they inhibit microorganisms with zones of inhibition of 8mm and above. Therefore, this study has shown that the ethanol extract of M. africana can control the growth of the four organisms tested.

scholarly journals In VitroAntimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil ofThymus schimperi,Matricaria chamomilla,Eucalyptus globulus, andRosmarinus officinalis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awol Mekonnen ◽  
Berhanu Yitayew ◽  
Alemnesh Tesema ◽  
Solomon Taddese
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Preparation ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

In this study, thein vitroantimicrobial activities of four plant essential oils (T. schimperi,E. globulus,R. officinalis, andM. Chamomilla) were evaluated against bacteria and fungi. The studies were carried out using agar diffusion method for screening the most effective essential oils and agar dilution to determine minimum inhibitory concentration of the essential oils. Results of this study revealed that essential oils ofT. schimperi,E. globulus, andR. officinaliswere active against bacteria and some fungi. The antimicrobial effect ofM. chamomillawas found to be weaker and did not show any antimicrobial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration values ofT. schimperiwere<15.75 mg/mL for most of the bacteria and fungi used in this study. The minimum inhibitory concentration values of the other essential oils were in the range of 15.75–36.33 mg/mL against tested bacteria. This study highlighted the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil ofE. globulus,M. chamomilla,T. Schimperi, andR. officinalis. The results indicated thatT. schimperihave shown strong antimicrobial activity which could be potential candidates for preparation of antimicrobial drug preparation.

scholarly journals Effect of Antibiotic Susceptibility and Inhibitory Activity for the Control of Growth and Survival of Microorganisms of Extracts of Calendula officinalis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
E Coli

Extracts from many types of plants show several evidences of beneficial health effects in the living system. Calendula officinalis is a well known medicinal plant in our country. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of C. officinalis for control of growth and survival of microorganisms. Inhibition of growth was tested by the paper disc agar diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the tube dilution method. C. officinalis leaf extract showed inhibition (MIC, inhibitory) to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Bacillus subtilis and to the other bacteria tested. Antimicrobial effects of leaf extract of C. officinalis on some microorganisms including pathogens were investigated. The extract of C. officinalis leaf which is prepared in was tested on bacterial cultures such as B. subtilis, S. lutea, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and also investigated that minimum inhibitory concentration 4µg/ml of leaf extract of C. officinalis in Petroleum ether against K. pneumoniae and largest inhibitory zone are created by 512mg/ml chloroform extract against E. coli leaf extract of C. officinalis in Petroleum ether has proved better for antibacterial activity. This study demonstrates that the potentiality of C. officinalis as a source of antimicrobials that could be harness for use in the health care delivery process.

scholarly journals Grapevine extracts and their effect on selected gut-associated microbiota: In vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Michaela Rollová ◽  
Lucia Gharwalova ◽  
Aleš Krmela ◽  
Věra Schulzová ◽  
Jana Hajšlová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogenic

The biological activity of polyphenol substances contained in food supplements prepared from Vitis vinifera can affect the microorganisms present in the digestive tract in terms of their representation and activity of the individual species. This study deals with resveratrol and two polyphenol-rich extracts (extract from V. vinifera canes and the commercial product Regrapex-R-forte) and their effect on selected gut microbiota (Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb-12, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5, Lactobacillus casei Lafti L-26, Citrobacter freundii DBM 3127, Escherichia coli DBM 3125). The effect of the studied agents on planktonic and biofilm growth of the microorganisms was determined as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC80) and minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC80), respectively. The extracts induced metabolic activity as well as total biofilm biomass production in probiotic strain L. acidophilus LA-5 while successfully inhibiting the growth of opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms C. freundii DBM 3127 and E. coli DBM 3125.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity of Child Formula Dentifrices at different Concentrations: An in vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
Ritika Malhotra ◽  
ND Shashikiran
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of the present in vitro study is to evaluate and compare antimicrobial efficacy of commercially available child's dental formulas in reduced concentrations containing different forms of fluoride against Streptococcus mutans activity. Materials and methods The selected dentifrices were prepared in dilutions of 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, and 1:16 using sterile pyrogen-free distilled water. Various dilutions of the selected toothpaste slurries were incubated in the agar plate containing pure strains of S. mutans, and antimicrobial activity of each was assessed by measuring the diameter of zones of inhibition (in mm). Agar well plate diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination were the methods used in this study. The inhibitory circle of each dentifrice was measured and MIC was achieved by considering the value of diameter of the circle. Results The results of the study showed that even at a lower concentration of fluoride, inhibition halos were obtained for all the formulations at different dilutions. Conclusion The kid's formulations having lower fluoride concentration show antimicrobial activity even after dilutions. Thus, commercially, the fluoride concentrations can be further lowered down in the dentifrices, thereby reducing the risk associated with fluoride. How to cite this article Malhotra R, Singla S, Shashikiran ND. Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity of Child Formula Dentifrices at different Concentrations: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):131-135.

scholarly journals Effect of Antibiotic Susceptibility and Inhibitory Activity for the Control of Growth and Survival of Microorganisms of Extracts of Calendula officinalis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
E Coli

Extracts from many types of plants show several evidences of beneficial health effects in the living system. Calendula officinalis is a well known medicinal plant in our country. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of C. officinalis for control of the growth and survival of microorganisms. The inhibition of growth was tested by the paper disc agar diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the tube dilution method. C. officinalis leaf extract showed inhibition (MIC, inhibitory) to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Bacillus subtilis and to the other bacteria tested. Antimicrobial effects of leaf extract of C. officinalis on some microorganisms including pathogens were investigated. The extract of C. officinalis leaf which is prepared in was tested on bacterial cultures such as B. subtilis, S. lutea, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and also investigated that minimum inhibitory concentration 4µg/ml of leaf extract of C. officinalis in petroleum ether against K. pneumoniae and largest inhibitory zone are created by 512mg/ml chloroform extract against E. coli leaf extract of C. officinalis in petroleum ether has proved better for antibacterial activity. This study demonstrates that the potentiality of C. officinalis as a source of antimicrobials that could be harness for use in the health care delivery process.

scholarly journals Anti-Shigellosis Activity of Cola anomala Water/Ethanol Pods Extract on Shigella flexneri-Induced Diarrhea in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Wambe ◽  
Paul Aimé Noubissi ◽  
Michel Archange Fokam Tagne ◽  
Angèle Foyet Fondjo ◽  
Gaëtan Olivier Fankem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

This study was undertaken to evaluate the activities of water/ethanol Cola anomala pods extract. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion method; the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by agar dilution technique. In vivo, shigellosis was induced in healthy Wistar albino rats by oral administration of Shigella flexneri inoculum, 12 × 108 CFU/mL. At the onset of diarrhea, infected and normal control animals were subdivided into various groups treated with distilled water, with water/ethanol Cola anomala pods extract at 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg, or with ciprofloxacin, 2.5 mg/kg. After one-week treatment, rats were sacrificed, and blood and colon were collected. Blood was used for blood cell count. A portion of the colon served for histological studies while homogenate from the remaining part was centrifuged and the supernatant was collected for the determination of NO, PGE2, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels. In vitro, water/ethanol Cola anomala pods extract showed to be bactericidal, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 2.0 mg/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration of 3.0 mg/mL. In diarrheic rats, the extract significantly (P<0.01) increased the white blood cells and significantly (P<0.01) decreased stool Shigella density from the first to the seventh day of treatment. It partially restored the structure of eroded intestine epithelium and prevented weight loss; the dose dependently and significantly (P<0.001) decreased NO, IL-1β, and TNF-α production in the colon and was found to have no significant effect on PGE2 production. These results support the use of this plant in traditional medicine in the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol Bunga Teratai (Nymphaea pubescens Willd)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Amalia Khairunnisa ◽  
Nashrul Wathan ◽  
Mia Fitriana ◽  
Fadlilaturrahmah Fadlilaturrahmah ◽  
Nisriyati Fiddina
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Activity Test

Nymphaea pubescens Willd telah diketahui mempunyai efek antibakteri, terutama pada biji dan daunnya. Tetapi sampai saat ini bagian bunga dari tanaman tersebut belum dilakukan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melakukan skrining fitokimia, uji aktivitas antibakteri dan penentuan konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) dari ekstrak metanol bunga N. pubescens terhadap S. aureus dan E. coli. Proses ekstraksi bunga N. pubescens dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol dengan perbandingan 1: 4 b/v. Metode pengujian yang digunakan ada dua yaitu metode difusi untuk pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dan metode dilusi untuk pengukuran konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM). Hasil skrining fitokimia didapatkan bahwa ekstrak metanol bunga N. pubescens mengandung senyawa golongan fenolik, saponin dan flavonoid. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol bunga N.pubescens mampu menghambat S. aureus (diameter hambat 10 ± 0,29 mm) dan E.coli (diameter hambat 10,2 ± 0,50 mm). Konsentrasi hambat minimum dari ekstrak metanol bunga N. pubescens terhadap S.aureus sebesar 12,5% dan terhadap E.coli sebesar 25%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak metanol bunga N. pubescens memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri. Nymphaea pubescens Willd has known to have antibacterial effects, especially on the seeds and leaves. However, until now the flower of the plant has not been tested for antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to perform phytochemical screening, antibacterial activity test and determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the methanol extract of N. pubescens flowers against S. aureus and E. coli. The process of extracting N. pubescens flowers is macerated using methanol as a solvent with a ratio of 1: 4 w / v. There are two test methods used, namely the diffusion method for testing antibacterial activity and the dilution method for measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results of phytochemical screening showed that the methanol extract of N. pubescens flowers contained phenolic compounds, saponins, and flavonoids. The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that the methanol extract of N.pubescens flowers was able to inhibit S. aureus (inhibition diameter 10 ± 0.29 mm) and E. coli (inhibitory diameter 10.2 ± 0.50 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration of the methanol extract of N. pubescens flowers against S.aureus was 12.5% and against E. coli was 25%. It can be concluded that the methanol extract of N. pubescens flowers has antibacterial activityKeywords: Nymphaea pubescens, lotus flower, methanol extract, antibacterial

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