scholarly journals Potential yield and efficiency of N and K uptake in tubers of cvs. Capiro and Suprema (Solanum tuberosum Group Andigenum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
Manuel Iván Gómez ◽  
Stanislav Magnitskiy ◽  
Luis Ernesto Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Null Response

Potato yield depends on the genotype-environment interaction, edaphic nutrient supply, and fertilization rates. The total tuber yield (FWt), dry weight of tubers (DWt), harvest index (HI) and nutrient use efficiency in tubers (NUEt) were evaluated in the Andean region in Colombia at 75, 100, 125, and 150 d after sowing using two cultivars (Capiro, Suprema), three locations with contrasting soils (Subachoque, Facatativa and Choconta) and two levels of fertilization: F0 (unfertilized) and F1 (fertilized). The Humic Dystrudept soils with fertilization (Choconta) presented late tuber filling with increases of 48 and 64% for the DWt in the cvs. Suprema and Capiro, respectively. In Suprema, the highest production potentials were obtained in fertilized soils with low fertility, with increases of 60.9% for the DWt and 75% for the HI. On the other hand, Capiro was better adapted to soils with medium to high fertility, with increases of up to 86.7% for the FWt, as compared to the unfertilized soils. This increase may be related to higher rates of nutrient recovery efficiency (RFt), higher accumulated nutrients per tuber yield (EPt) and a better NUEt because N. Suprema presented a negative EPt and RFt with HI<45% and the lowest NUE of N and K in high fertility soils, which represents a null response to fertilization and possible mechanisms of luxury consumption for the evaluated elements.

scholarly journals Effect of Glycine Betaine as a Growth Promoter and Stress Mitigator in Brassica oleraceavar. Italica

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Sana Liaqat ◽  
Ashir Masroor ◽  
Filza Ghafoor ◽  
Zunaira Maqsood ◽  
Waseem Tasleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Glycine Betaine ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Sodium Calcium ◽  
Nutrient Use

Glycine betaine performs a crucial role as an osmoprotectant and, also acts as a cytoplasmic osmotic solute specifically in the members of family Gramineae and Chenopodiaceae. Brassica oleracea var. Italica due to the presence of glucosinolates and various other chemicals, plays vital roles for humans. GB when applied to broccoli mitigate the stress effects and increase the shoot fresh and dry weight, shoot length, root dry weight, shoot calcium, potassium, nutrient uptake of sodium, calcium, potassium, SOD, peroxidase, and total soluble proteins of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica). Implementation of GB also enhanced the performance of various parameters such as antioxidant photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, a/b, carotenoids, and total chlorophyll), and mineral nutrient use efficiency, nutrient uptake of sodium, calcium and catalase activity.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KONSORSIUM PBRM (PLANT BENEFICIAL RHIZOSPHERIC MICROORGANISM) DALAM NUE (NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY) PADA PERTUMBUHAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Tyas Nyonita Punjungsari ◽  
Agung Setya Wibowo ◽  
Intan Fuji Arriani ◽  
Palupi Puspitorini
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Corn Plants

Corn farm processing in Blitar Regency is very dependent on fertilization using chemicals. The use of chemicals themselves has a negative impact on the environment and health if used continuously. Therefore we need a solution to increase the absorption of nutrients from the soil by plants (nutrient use efficiency), namely the use of beneficial microorganisms, namely PBRM (Plant Beneficial Rhizospheric Microorganism). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a consortium of soil from peanut plants in increasing the growth of corn plants. This research was conducted in May 2019 until September 2019. This study used RAK and was carried out in several stages, the first being planting corn seeds with a combination of NPK and PBRM Consortium, with each of 4 dose levels, K0, K1, K2, K3 Observation indicators consisted of plant height, leaf area, wet weight of cob, dry weight of cob. DMRT test results on the variable Plant Height that the treatment of K2 (1.5 kg Consortium per plant) showed the best results with an average of 7 DAP (9.40) 14 dd (40.96) 28 DAP (102.36) 35 DAP (141, 31) and 42 DAP (172.21) while the age of 21 DAP in the K3 treatment (3 kg consortium) with the average (74.80) which showed the best results on corn plant height. Based on analysis of variance of leaf area observations, it was shown that the administration of PBRM consortium in NUE had a significant effect on the age of 21 DAP, 28 DAP, 35 DAP, and 42 DAP but did not significantly affect the age of 14 HST. In the variable wet weights of K2 treatment cob showed the highest average of 527.33 grams while in the variable dry weight of K2 treatment cob showed the highest average of 493.63 gr.

scholarly journals The Use of the WOFOST Model to Simulate Water-Limited Yield of Early Potato Cultivars

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Bogdan Kulig ◽  
Barbara Skowera ◽  
Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra ◽  
Stanisław Kołodziej ◽  
Wiesław Grygierzec
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Food Studies ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Tuber Weight ◽  
Early Potato ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Actual Yield

In this work, an attempt was made to use the WOFOST (WOrld FOod Studies) model to simulate the potential and water-limited yield of early potato cultivars Lord and Denar. Data from cultivar experiments carried out at the Polish Research Centre for Cultivar Testing in 2004–2013 were used in the study. The Lord cultivar yielded 22.4–67.8 t fresh tuber weight per ha and 3.8–11.5 t ha−1 dry tuber weight during the study period. The highest tuber yields (over 10 t ha−1 dry weight) were obtained in 2009, 2011 and 2012, and the lowest in 2005 (3.8 t ha−1) and 2006 (2.65 t ha−1). The water-limited tuber yield simulated by WOFOST ranged from 3.6 to 10.9 t ha−1 dry weight and was about 0.45 t ha−1 higher on average than the actual yield. The planting period each year was between days 104 and 120 of the year, and harvesting took place between days 216 and 232. Water availability was a factor limiting the yield. The yield limited by water deficiency was 38.7% lower (irrespective of the cultivar) than the potential yield. The WOFOST model was sensitive to water deficiency, and the simulated (water-limited) yields were close to the actual yield or showed a clear downward trend indicating evident rainfall shortages in 2005 and 2006.

scholarly journals Estimating Nutrient Uptake Requirements for Melon Based on the QUEFTS Model

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Meijuan Wen ◽  
Sicun Yang ◽  
Lin Huo ◽  
Ping He ◽  
Xinpeng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Use Efficiency

Imbalanced and excessive fertilizer application has resulted in low yields and reduced nutrient use efficiency for melon production in China. Estimating nutrient requirements is crucial for effectively developing site-specific fertilizer recommendations for increasing yield and profit while reducing negative environmental impacts. Relationships between the yield and nutrient uptake requirements of above-ground dry matter were assessed using 1127 on-farm observations (2000–2020) from melon production regions of China. The quantitative evaluation of fertility of tropical soils (QUEFTS) model was used to estimate nutrient requirements. It predicted a linear increase in yield at balanced nutrient uptake levels until the yield reached approximately 60–80% of the potential yield. In order to produce 1000 kg of fruit, 2.9, 0.4 and 3.2 kg/ha of N, P and K (7.2:1.0:7.8), respectively, were required for above-ground parts, while the corresponding nutrient internal efficiencies were 345.3, 2612.6 and 310.0 kg per kg N, P and K, respectively, whereas 1.4, 0.2 and 1.9 kg of N, P and K were required to replace nutrients removed after harvest. The corresponding fruit absorption rates were 47.0%, 59.5% and 58.2%, respectively. Field validation experiments confirmed the consistency between observed and simulated uptake rates, indicating that this model could estimate nutrient requirements. These findings will help develop fertilizer recommendations for improving melon yield and nutrient use efficiency.

scholarly journals Stability Analysis for Seed Yield over Environments in Coriander

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 1014
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Yadav ◽  
Arun Kumar Barholia
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
Ammi Model ◽  
Main Effects

Thirty five genotypes of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) were tested in four artificially created environments to judge their stability in performance of seed yield. The differences among genotypes and environments were significant for seed yield. Stability parameters varied considerably among the tested genotypes in all the methods used. The variation in result in different methods was due to non-fulfillment of assumption of different models. However, AMMI analysis provides the information on main effects as well as interaction effects and depiction of PCA score gives better understanding of the pattern of genotype – environment interaction. The sum of squares due to PCAs was also used for the computation of AMMI stability values for better understanding of the adaptability behavior of genotypes hence, additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model was most appropriate for the analysis of G x E interactions for seed yield in coriander. Genotypes RVC 15, RVC 19, RVC 22, RVC 25 and Panipat local showed wider adaptability while, Simpo S 33 exhibited specific adaptability to favourable conditions of high fertility. These genotypes could be utilized in breeding programmers to transfer the adaptability genes into high yielding genetic back ground of coriander.

Isolation, characterization and purification of Rhizobium strain to enrich the productivity of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 400-409
Author(s):  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
Sunil Kumar Gunri ◽  
Manashi Barman ◽  
Ayman EL Sabagh ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Microbial Strains

AbstractGroundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important food legume in tropical and subtropical areas because of its ability to adapt to a wide range of agro-climatic regions. Groundnut is usually cultivated in nutrient-poor soil and rain-fed conditions, so average yield tends to be very low relative to potential yield. Even though the nitrogen (N) requirement of groundnut is much higher than cereals due to its high protein content, it has the capacity to meet 60-80% of N-based requirements through symbiotic N fixation via its root nodules. In its symbiotic relationship with legumes, Rhizobium fixes N, thereby positively impacting the content of this nutrient. This study aimed to isolate, characterize and purify microbial strains of Rhizobium specific to groundnut in a bid to increase this legume’s productivity. The research was conducted in the AICRP-Groundnut laboratory and greenhouse of the Directorate of Research, BCKV, in Kalyani, India during October 2016 to March 2017. Two Rhizobium isolates (RhBC and NRA1) were isolated and selected from groundnut pot cultures. After 45 days, NRA1 produced higher plant biomass, longer roots and shoots, more nodules and higher nodule dry weight than RhBC. NRA1 was selected for a future field trial. The two isolated microbial strains will aid in the screening of additional local isolates to test their effectiveness when co-cultured with local groundnut cultivars to increase yield in soil with low fertility.

Foliar nutrient dynamics and nutrient-use efficiency of oak and pine on a low-fertility soil in Wisconsin

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 925-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Bockheim ◽  
J. E. Leide
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Leaf Abscission ◽  
Root Turnover ◽  
Fine Root Turnover ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Absolute

Seasonal changes in 10 nutrients were investigated in the foliage and current twigs of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) and northern pin oak (Quercusellipsoidalis E.J. Hill) growing on a sandy, nutrient-poor soil in northwestern Wisconsin. Midsummer (July 26) concentrations of all nutrients except Zn were significantly greater in oak foliage than in current needles of pine. Whereas the absolute amounts of N, P, K, Mg, S, B, and Fe in oak foliage peaked in midsummer, generally in late July, the amounts of Ca, Zn, and Mn continued to increase until leaf abscission. The absolute amounts of all 10 nutrients in current needles of pine increased over the growing season. Absolute amounts of nutrients in 2- and 3-year-old needles generally decreased from midsummer to leaf abscission. The two species differ in mechanisms of nutrient-use efficiency. Northern pin oak has a greater requirement for all macronutrients except Mg than jack pine. Although the absolute amounts are greater, proportionally lower amounts of required nutrients are retained in perennial tissues of northern pin oak than in jack pine. A large portion of the nutrient requirement in oak is met by recycling of nutrients contributed by litterfall, throughfall, and fine-root turnover. Northern pin oak resorbed greater amounts of N and K prior to leaf abscission than jack pine. In contrast, jack pine conserves nutrients by investing low amounts of nutrients per unit of leaf or bolewood production and by returning a low proportion of nutrients in litterfall per unit aboveground tissue produced.

scholarly journals Soil pH and Fertility Affect Growth of Leyland Cypress Christmas Trees

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
L. Eric Hinesley ◽  
David Hardy ◽  
Brenda Cleveland ◽  
Jeana Myers
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Christmas Trees ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Abstract Containerized liners of Leyland cypress [Callitropis × leylandii (syn. Cupressus leylandii, × Cupressocyparis leylandii)] were treated with two fertilizer rates [0.6 and 2.4 kg/m3 (1 lb/yd and 4 lb/yd3) of 15N–4.0P–10.0K (15N–9P2O5–12K2O) Osmocote] in Norfolk loamy sand topsoil amended with three rates of dolomitic limestone to obtain target pH values of 4.1, 5.1, and 6.1. Soil pH and fertility both affected plant growth, with negligible interaction. Averaged over both fertilizer rates, total dry weight, which increased linearly with pH, was 24 to 30% higher at the highest pH level (pH 5.9 to 6.5) than in the lowest (pH 4.7 to 4.8). After one growing season, differences among the treatment extremes (low fertility, low pH vs. high fertility, high pH) for height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and total dry weight were 19, 71, 44, and 64% respectively.

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