Zonal Isolation Assurance: Relating Cement Mechanical Properties to Mechanical Durability

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica McDaniel ◽  
Nathan K. Combs ◽  
Larry Watters
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Zonal Isolation

scholarly journals The Effect of Incorporating Ceramic Particles with Different Morphologies on the Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Hybrid TaC_ BN/AA2024 Nanocomposites

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1560
Author(s):  
Emad Ismat Ghandourah ◽  
Essam B. Moustafa ◽  
Hossameldin Hussein ◽  
Ahmed O. Mosleh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Tantalum Carbide ◽  
Heavy Particles ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Composites ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Research Challenge ◽  
Aluminum Alloy Surface

Improving the mechanical durability and wear resistance of aluminum alloys is a research challenge that can be solved by their reinforcement with ceramics. This article is concerned with the improvement of the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the AA2024 aluminum alloy surface. Surface composites were prepared by incorporating a hybrid of heavy particles (tantalum carbide (TaC), light nanoparticles, and boron nitride (BN)) into the AA2024 alloy using the friction stir process (FSP) approach. Three pattern holes were milled in the base metal to produce the composites with different volume fractions of the reinforcements. The effects of the FSP and the reinforcements on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear resistance are investigated. In addition to the FSP, the reinforced particles contributed to greater grain refinement. The rolled elongated grains became equiaxed ultrafine grains reaching 6 ± 1 µm. The refinement and acceptable distribution in the reinforcements significantly improved the hardness and wear resistance of the produced composites. Overall, the hardness was increased by 60% and the wear resistance increased by 40 times compared to the base alloy.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties of Biomass Briquettes from a Mixture of Rice Husk and Pine Sawdust

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Niño ◽  
Nelson Arzola ◽  
Oscar Araque
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Compaction Time

In search of guaranteeing global energy requirements, waste from different agricultural, forestry and industrial sources is presented as a renewable and sustainable energy source. The manufacture of solid fuels from biomass based on the densification of this to improve its mechanical and energy properties is one of the mechanisms of viable energy production from the technical-economic point of view. The biomass mixture is one of the topics currently researched, in which various factors can affect the final behavior of the briquettes. In this research the influence on the mechanical properties of briquettes obtained from the mixture between two biomasses is studied: rice husk and pine sawdust. A mixed factorial experimental factorial design is used, in which the process temperature, the proportion of the rice husk biomass over the total mass, and the compaction time are defined as experimental factors. Experimental statistical models are obtained that partially explain the behavior of several responses that characterize the mechanical properties of the briquettes based on the selected independent parameters. It was found that the mechanical durability of the briquettes is higher than 97.5%, meets the existing standards, like German Institute for Standardization (DIN) 51731, Theological Institute Batista Ebenézer (ITEBE) SS187120 or International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 17225-2, for a compaction temperature of 110 °C and a proportion of rice husk that does not exceed 60% of the total biomass mixture in the briquette. The compaction time was also statistically significant to achieve a briquettes density and an appropriate elasticity modulus in the briquettes. The results of this research are of interest and can serve as a starting point for the design of the industrial process of densification of these two mixed biomasses.

scholarly journals In vitro Performance of Nano-heterogeneous Dentin Adhesive

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 829-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Ye ◽  
J.G. Park ◽  
E. Topp ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
A. Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Phase Image ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Dentin Adhesives ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Nanophase Separation ◽  
High Degree

Water is ubiquitous in the mouths of healthy individuals and routinely interferes with efforts to bond restorations to dental tissues. Our previous studies using tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (TMAFM) have shown that nanophase separation is a general feature of cross-linked polymethacrylates photocured in the presence of water. To explore the relationship between nanophase separation in dentin adhesives and their long-term mechanical properties, we evaluated model adhesives after 3 months of aqueous storage. The degree of contrast in the TMAFM phase image depended on the formulations used, ranging from ‘not observable’ to ‘very strong’. Correspondingly, the mechanical properties of these model adhesives varied from ‘minimal change’ to ‘significant depreciation’. The results support the hypothesis that a high degree of heterogeneity at the nano-scale is associated with poor mechanical durability in these model adhesives.

scholarly journals Qualitative analysis of pellets produced from Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)

2017 ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
A. Zapałowska ◽  
U. Bashutska
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Very High Energy

The development of renewable energy constitutes a crucial role for the future as combustion of the plant biomass causes reduction of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. The purpose of the work was to determine the basic energetic and mechanical properties of pellets that were produced from Jerusalem artichoke. The mechanical properties and combustion behaviour were studied by means of mechanical strength (Zwick / Roell Z010) and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. The suitability of pellets is determined both by their energy value, which is influenced by biomass moisture, and mechanical durability during their transport and storage. The analyses were conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Bioenergetics and Food Analysis at University of Rzeszów in 2017. The following parameters were analyzed: calorific value, moisture content, ash content, Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N) and Hydrogen (H). The analyzed material was characterized by high mechanical resistance levels. Due to the very high energy value 18,85 MJ/kg and high mechanical durability, both estimated in own studies, it can be stated that Jerusalem artichoke in the form of produced pellets can be used for heating purposes. When the chemical properties were examined, it was found, that the product under consideration had environmentally friendly qualities, and did not emit unpleasant odors. Furthermore, it was mechanically stable, clean, safeand comfortable to use.

Novel Resin-Cement Blend to Improve Well Integrity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikrant Wagle ◽  
Abdullah Saleh Al-Yami ◽  
Sara AlKhalaf ◽  
Khawlah Abdulaziz Alanqari ◽  
Wajid Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Cement System ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
Primary Cementing ◽  
Field Deployment ◽  
The Right

Abstract A good primary cementing job governs in a great part the producing performance of a well. Successful zonal isolation, which is the main objective of any cementing job, primarily depends on the right cement design. The resin-based cement system, which is a relatively new technology within the oil industry has the potential to replace conventional cement in critical primary cementing applications. This paper describes the lab-testing and field deployment of the resin-based cement systems. The resin-based cement systems were deployed in those well sections where a potential high-pressure influx was expected. The resin-based cement system, which was placed as a tail slurry was designed to have better mechanical properties as compared to the conventional cement systems. The paper describes the process used to get the right resin-based cement slurry design and how its application was important to the success of the cementing jobs. The cement job was executed successfully and met all the zonal-isolation objectives. The resin-based cement's increased shear bond strength and better mechanical properties were deemed to be instrumental in providing a reliable barrier that would thwart any future issues arising due to sustained casing pressure (SCP). This paper describes the required lab-testing, lab-evaluation, and the successful field deployment of the resin-based cement systems.

scholarly journals Analysis of the physical-mechanical properties of a pelleted chicken litter organic fertiliser

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
Anna Brunerová ◽  
Miroslav Müller ◽  
Gürkan Alp Kağan Gürdil ◽  
Vladimír Šleger ◽  
Milan Brožek
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Organic Fertiliser ◽  
Pellet Production ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
Mechanical Quality ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Chicken Litter ◽  
High Level

Pelleted fertiliser production represents improvements in fertiliser management and ensures several benefits, such as a more accurate dosing (less applications), the slow-release of long-lasting nutrients, the possible application during the whole year, easier storage and transportation and better separation of fertilisers and pesticides. The present research investigated the physical-mechanical properties of a pelleted chicken litter organic fertiliser. The pellet samples' particle density ρ (kg·m<sup>–3</sup>), mechanical durability DU (%), compressive strengths in the cleft σc (N·mm<sup>–1</sup>) and in simple pressure σp (MPa) were investigated. The last two indicators, σc and σp, demonstrated the pellets' resistance to the compressive stress. The resulting values proved ρ = 1 289.73 kg·m<sup>–3</sup>, DU = 95.5%, σc = 58.61 N·mm<sup>–1</sup> and σp = 20.02 MPa, while all the results were evaluated positively. The observed level of the DU (%) did not achieve the mandatory level for the commercial production of pellets (DU = 97.5%), however, such a level is stated for a pellet solid biofuel intended for energy production. Therefore, the achieved level of the DU (%) represents a satisfactory result within the investigated pellet samples' mechanical quality. In general, the viability and practicability of chicken litter pellet production was proven, as well as, the suitability of such a feedstock for pellet production. Moreover, the observed results proved a high level of the investigated pellet samples' mechanical quality.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Use of Potatoes as a Binder in Flax Heating Pellets

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10481
Author(s):  
Jiří Souček ◽  
Algirdas Jasinskas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
Positive Effect

This article focuses on an examination of the possibility of using potatoes as a binder in the production of heating pellets from flax stalks. This research was carried out in the form of an experimental production, laboratory analyses, and combustion tests of pellets with the Biltstar variety of flax stalks. The production was carried out using an MGL 200 pelletizing line. Adéla potatoes were used as a binder at a dose of 10%. The results were compared to the control variant without the addition of potatoes. Potatoes had a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the pellets as well as on carbon monoxide emissions. A positive effect of the addition of potatoes was recorded by an increase in specific weight (599.2 kg/m3 for the potato-free variant and 1092.3 kg/m3 for the variant with potatoes) and a significant increase in mechanical durability (4.39% for the potato-free variant and 0.71% for the variant with potatoes). The biggest difference was measured in carbon monoxide emissions (13,082 mg/m3N for the potato-free mg/m3N ariant and 5186 mg/m3N for the variant with potatoes). The values were converted to a reference oxygen content of 10%.

High Performance Tailored Mechanically Enhanced Cement Slurry Helped in Delivering Dependable Barriers Across HPHT Reservoir: Case Study from UAE Offshore

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Manga ◽  
Sherif Mohamed ◽  
Devesh Bhaisora
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Well Production ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
Long Lifetime ◽  
Environment Stress

Abstract The concept of zonal isolation has evolved recently addressing new industry challenges to provide dependable barriers throughout the life of the well. This helps ensure long term well integrity for safer and more efficient hydrocarbon production, especially for the fields predicted to have a long lifetime. This leads to tailoring of cement slurry designs for superior mechanical parameters to avoid deteriorating them under post cementing operational loads. Following cementing best practices is a key parameter to achieve a successful cementing job, however adequate mechanical properties will help a cement slurry to withstand all the cyclic loads that the well will experience during its lifetime. Determining these properties and tailoring cement slurry designs to meet these properties will help ensure that the cement slurry will still survive these loads, all the way from placement until it has experienced all the post cementing operational loads including but not limited to multiple pressure testing, unloading the well, perforations, various thermal loads during well production, hydraulic fracturing etc. The tailored cement slurry was able to provide an adequate solution of such challenges faced by an operator in Offshore UAE under a high pressure – high temperature (HPHT) environment. Stress modelling was performed for the life of the well considering post cementing operations. This helped in determining optimum mechanical properties required for the cement slurries considered. Specialized testing was performed in both lab and yard to achieve such properties for field execution. Based on various stress and hydraulic modelling, slurries ranging from 13 to 17.5 ppg were designed and pumped successfully in the wellbore. Post cementing bond logs showed adequate placement of a tailored dependable barrier across a complete wellbore including an HPHT reservoir section. This approach can be used for wells with similar challenges around the world for long term zonal isolation.

scholarly journals The Impact of Fractional Composition on the Mechanical Properties of Agglomerated Logging Residues

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Nurek ◽  
Arkadiusz Gendek ◽  
Kamil Roman ◽  
Magdalena Dąbrowska
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Logging Residues ◽  
Agglomeration Process ◽  
Forest Logging ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
The Impact

Fractional composition, as well as the temperature of the agglomeration process, affect the quality and mechanical properties of briquettes. In this research, shredded forest logging residues were investigated. Compaction tests were carried out for several specially prepared mixtures made of shares of fractions with different particle sizes. The moisture content, density of briquettes, specific work of compaction, mechanical durability, and biomass susceptibility to compaction were analyzed. Studies have confirmed the significant impact of the fractional composition of compacted biomass on its susceptibility to process parameters and the quality of the final product. Statistical analysis confirmed that the density of the briquette, its durability, the specific work of compaction, and the susceptibility of the tested biomass to compaction strongly depend on the particle size of the compacted biomass. An increase in temperature to 73 °C increased specific work by 40% and contributed to the high quality of briquettes in the range from 0.768 to 1.14 g·cm−3.

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