scholarly journals Morphological characterization and genetic analysis in bread wheat germplasm: A combined study of heritability, genetic variance, genetic divergence and association of characters

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-311
Author(s):  
G. Gerema ◽  
D. Lule ◽  
F. Lemessa ◽  
T. Mekonnen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Positive Direct

Abstract. The present study was conducted to assess the nature and magnitude of genetic variability and traits association of bread wheat genotypes for yield and related traits. A total of 180 genotypes were evaluated in alpha lattice design with three replications in 2017/18 cropping season. Data for 10 quantitative traits were collected and subjected to analysis of variance. The result from the analysis of variance revealed highly significant variability observed among genotypes for all traits studied. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) is superior over genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for most traits but narrow variations were found between PCV and GCV for most of the traits. Heritability in broad sense and genetic advance as percent of the mean (GA%) were relatively higher for Kernels per spike and grain filling period. Grain yield showed positive and highly significant (p≤0.01) association with number of tillers, kernel per spike and plant height both on genotypic and phenotypic levels.The path coefficient analysis showed that spike length, plant height and kernels per spike had positive direct effect on grain yield on both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Divergence analysis (D2) grouped the total test germplasm into 10 clusters. Among those, clusters IV and IX showed the highest genetic distance and thus the possibility to develop segregating populations upon the crossing of widely related genotypes in those clusters. The results could help researches to utilize the most promising wheat genotypes of this study in future breeding programmes for enhancing desirable traits.

scholarly journals Evaluation of agronomic traits and assessment of genetic variability in some popular wheat genotypes cultivated in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
pp. 847-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soleman M. Al-Otayk
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Days To Maturity

The present study was carried out to evaluate agronomic traits and assessment of genetic variability of some wheat genotypes at Qassim region, Saudi Arabia', during 2010/11 and2011/12 seasons. Fourteen wheat genotypes including five bread wheat and nine durum wheat genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications. The genotypes were evaluated for ten different yield contributing characters viz., days to heading, days to maturity, grain filling period, grain filling rate, plant height, number of spikes m-2, kernels spike-1, 1000-kernel weight, grain yield and straw yield. The combined analysis of variance indicated the presence of significant differences between years for most characters. The genotypes exhibited significant variation for all the characters studied indicating considerable amount of variation among genotypes for each character. Maximum coefficient of variation was observed for number of spikes m-2 (17%), while minimum value was found for days to maturity. Four genotypes produced maximum grain yield and statistically similar, out of them two bread wheat genotypes (AC-3 and SD12) and the other two were durum wheat (AC-5 and BS-1). The genotypes AC-3, AC-5 and BS-1 had higher grain yield and stable in performance across seasons. The estimation of phenotypic coefficient of variation in all the traits studied was greater than those of the genotypic coefficient of variation. High heritability estimates (> 0.5) were observed for days to heading, days to maturity, and plant height, while the other characters recorded low to moderate heritability. The high GA % for plant height and days to heading (day) was accompanied by high heritability estimates, which indicated that heritability is mainly due to genetic variance. Comparatively high expected genetic advances were observed for grain yield components such as number of kernels spike-1 and 1000-kernel weight. Grain yield had the low heritability estimate with a relatively intermediate value for expected genetic advance. The results of principle component analysis (PCA) indicated that the superior durum wheat genotypes for grain yield in the two seasons (AC-5 and BS-1) are clustered in group II (Fig. 2). Also, the superior two bread wheat genotypes (AC-3 and SD12) were in group I. Therefore, it could be future breeding program to develop new high yielding genotypes in bread and durum wheat.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, character association and path analysis in maize (Zea mays L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Begum ◽  
A Ahmed ◽  
SH Omy ◽  
MM Rohman ◽  
M Amiruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Character Association ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Almost All

Twenty-two maize hybrids were evaluated to find out their variability, character association and path coefficient of grain yield and its component characters. Significant differences were found among the genotypes for the characters studied. Ear length and grain yield (t/ha) had moderate genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), but the had the low environmental co-efficient of variation (ECV). The heritability for all the characters was high. The characters viz. plant height, ear height and 1000-grain weight, showed high heritability along with high genetic advance. Ear length, ear diameter and kernel per row had highly significant positive correlation with grain yield. However, the deviations between genotypic and phenotypic correlation and magnitude of environmental correlation suggested considerable influence of growing environment in expressing almost all the characters. Path coefficient analysis revealed that plant height (0.659), ear length (0.934) and kernel-rows per ear (0.715) had highly significant positive direct effect on grain yield suggesting their importance during selection. Simultaneous restricted selection should be done for number of kernel rows per ear.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(1): 173-182, March 2016

scholarly journals Identification of bread wheat genotypes with superior grain yield and agronomic traits through evaluation under rust epiphytotic conditions in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Akinyi Msundi ◽  
James Otieno Owuoche ◽  
Maurice Edwards Oyoo ◽  
Godwin Macharia ◽  
Ravi Prakash Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Positive Direct

AbstractBread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars adapted to specific environments and resistant to prevalent pathogens are preferred for obtaining high yield. This study aimed to identify wheat genotypes with superior grain yield (GY) and yield associated traits from 168 genotypes of International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center’s 13th Stem Rust Resistance Screening Nursery evaluated over two seasons during 2019 and 2020 under high disease pressure of both stem rust (SR) and yellow rust (YR) in a 21 × 8 α-lattice design with 3 replications in Kenya. Effects due to seasons were significant for YRAud, SRAud, 1000-kernel weight (TKW), days to heading (DH), plant height (PH) and number of spikelets spike−1 (SS), while genotypes and genotypes × season interaction effects were significant for all traits except number of kernels spike−1. Respectively, heritability values of 0.95, 0.93, 0.87, 0.86, 0.77 and 0.75 were observed for area under disease progress curve for SR (SRAud), YR (YRAud), TKW, DH, biomass (BM) and GY. Path analysis showed positive direct effects on GY via PH, SS, BM, and TKW. Biplot analysis identified 16 genotypes with superior desirable traits GY, BM and harvest index. The SR contributed the highest reduction in GY and TKW while YR contributed the most reduction in BM. These identified genotypes with superior GY combined with adequate resistance to both SR and YR are potentially valuable resources for improvement of locally adapted wheat cultivars.

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIABILITY, CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENT TRAITS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
M. N. Huda ◽  
M. S. Hossain ◽  
M. Sonom
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Male Flower ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Positive Direct

The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka during March to June, 2014 to study the genetic variability, correlation and path co-efficient analysis for yield and yield contributing characters of maize. In this experiment 25 maize genotypes were used as experimental materials. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Mean performance, variability, correlation matrix and path analysis on different yield contributing characters and yield of maize genotypes were estimated. The highest grain yield/plant (272.21 g) was recorded in the genotype of BARI Hybrid Maize-6, whereas the lowest grain yield/plant (180.40 g) from the genotype of NZ-003. Phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation for all the yield contributing traits. In correlation study, significant positive association was recorded for grain yield/plant of maize genotypes with plant height (0.235), tassel height (0.359), number of grains/cob (0.854), cob length (0.390), cob diameter (0.313) and weight of 1000-grains (0.689). Path analysis revealed that days to initiation of male flower had positive direct effect (0.132), days to initiation of female flower had negative direct effect (-0.254), days to maturity had positive direct effect (0.178), plant height had positive direct effect (0.314), tassel height had positive direct effect (0.234), ear length had positive direct effect (0.197), number of grains/cob had negative direct effect (-0.095), cob length had positive direct effect (0.167), cob diameter had positive direct effect (0.168) and that weight of 1000-grains had positive direct effect (0.217) on yield / plant.

scholarly journals Sequential Path Analysis for Determination of Relationship Between Yield and Yield Components in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum.L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohtasham MOHAMMADI ◽  
Peyman SHARIFI ◽  
Rahmatollah KARIMIZADEH
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Growth Vigor ◽  
Positive Direct

An experiment was conducted to evaluate 295 wheat genotypes in Alpha-Lattice design with two replications. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation of grain yield was 2706 and 950 (kg/ha),respectively. The results of correlation coefficients indicated that grain yield had significant and positive association with plant height, spike length, early growth vigor and agronomic score. Whereas there were negative correlation coefficients between grain yield and days to physiological maturity and canopy temperature before and during anthesis. Path analysis indicated agronomic score and plant height had high positive direct effects on grain yield, while canopy temperature before and during anthesis, and days to maturity, wes another trait having negative direct effect on grain yield. The results of sequential path analysis showed the traits that accounted as a criteria variable for high grain yield were agronomic score, plant height, canopy temperature, spike length, chlorophyll content and early growth vigor, which were determined as first, second and third order variables and had strong effects on grain yield via one or more paths. More important, as canopy temperature, agronomic score and early growth vigor can be evaluated quickly and easily, these traits may be used for evaluation of large populations.

scholarly journals Correlation and path coefficient analysis among yield and yield attributing traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Koshraj Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Genotypic Correlation ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Positive Direct

To assess correlation and to find out the direct and indirect effect of yield attributing traits on grain yield, thirty wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were experimented at Kamalamai-04, Phant, of Sindhuli district, Nepal. The experiment was laid out in alpha-lattice design with three replications. Thirteen quantitative traits including grain yield of wheat were studied during this study. The grain yield of wheat has significant (P≤0.01) and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation with number of spikes per meter (0.6**, 0.47**), grains per spike (0.69**, 0.65**), weight of grains per spike (0.69**, 0.61**), thousand kernel weight (0.87**, 0.74**), maturity days (0.5*, 0.47**), above ground mass yield (0.96**, 0.83**) and  harvest index (0.93**, 0.64**) of wheat. The genotypic correlation is higher in magnitude than the phenotypic correlation for almost all the studied traits. Path analysis of genotypic correlation showed a high positive direct effect of plant height (0.75), above ground biomass (0.6), spike length (0.43), and harvest index (0.29) on grain yield of wheat. Hence, for increasing yield of wheat in the breeding program, selection and hybridization can be made more effective and accurate by using those a significant positive correlation coefficient and direct effect on the grain yield of wheat.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Advanced Generation of Brassica napus L.

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Md. Nur-E-Nabi ◽  
Md. Ehsanul Haq ◽  
Montasir Ahmed ◽  
Md. Monir Hossain ◽  
Md. Shefat-al-Maruf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Positive Direct

The present study was conducted involving 62 F3 genotypes of Brassica napus L. at the experimental farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to ponder the genetic variability, phenotypic, genotypic and environmental coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance, correlation, path coefficient and genetic diversity analysis in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with sixty-two genotypes (treatments) with three replications during November 2014 to February 2015. The investigations aimed to select the best segregating genotypes for the yield improvement of Brussica napus (rapeseed). Analysis of variance indicated that the genotypes were found significantly different for all the characters considered. The relative phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits investigated. The high GCV value was observed for the number of siliqua per plant (NSP), plant height (PH), silique length (SL), number of seed per silique (NSS) and seed yield per plant (SYP) indicated high broad sense heritability. The significant positive correlation with seed yield per plant (SYP) was found in plant height (PH) (0.368**), the number of primary branches per plant (NPB) (0.332**), number of secondary branches per plant (NSB) (0.382**), number of silique per plant (NSP) (0.549**), and siliqua length (SL) (0.037**). The results of path coefficient analysis uncovered that plant height (PH) (0.582), days to 50% flowering (50F) (0.390), days to maturity (DM) (0.575), number of primary branches per plant (NPB) (0.678), number of secondary branches per plant (NSB) (0.182),and thousand seed weight (TSW) (0.289) had a positive direct impact on seed yield per plant (SYP) and thus it was concluded that these traits could be exploited for the enhancement of yield potential of rapeseed. This study showed that based on the agronomic performance execution, genotypes G8, G14, G19, G21, G47, and G55 might be proposed for future hybridization program in Bangladesh and this could help rapeseed breeders to upgrade their breeding activities.

scholarly journals Genetic Evaluation and Correlation Analysis Among Various Quantitative Traits in Maize Single-Cross Hybrids Under Diverse Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Fortunate Makore ◽  
Cosmos Magorokosho ◽  
Shorai Dari ◽  
Edmore Gasura ◽  
Upenyu Mazarura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Positive Direct

Genetic variation abundance, high genetic advance coupled with high heritability estimates presents the most suitable condition for selection. Ninety-five hybrids generated from elite and new inbred lines crossed using half diallel mating design were evaluated under diverse environments. The objectives were to estimate genetic variances, heritability of traits and genetic advance and to determine correlations of grain yield and its component characters in maize hybrids. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all traits studied except for ear rots. Estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation were slightly higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for all traits suggesting low influence of environment in the expression of these traits. High heritability and genetic estimates were recorded for grain yield (79%; 30.27%), plant height (85%; 102.42%) and ear height (86%; 117.15%) whilst high heritability and low genetic advance were observed for anthesis date (87%; 5.8%), texture (75%; 8%) and ear position (71%; 0.23%). Correlation between environments using grain yield data revealed existence of a very strong positive correlation between CIMMYT2 and RARS2 suggesting that the sites have the same discriminating effect. Correlation among traits revealed that grain yield had significant (P < 0.05) positive correlation with plant height and ear height. Similarly, plant height had significant and positive correlation with ear height while ear position was positively correlated to ear height. Path analysis showed that plant height, ears per plant and ear position had positive direct effects on grain, while anthesis date, ear height, ear position, grain moisture content at harvest and texture indirectly influenced grain yield. These characters’ contribution to grain yield is important and the strong association with grain yield implied that these can be used as secondary traits to indirectly select for grain yield performance in this set of germplasm across all the environments.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity, Correlations and Path Coefficient Analysis among the F5 Populations of Brassica Species

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
Sujon Kumar ◽  
Barkat Ali ◽  
A. B. M. Khaldun ◽  
Shams Shaila Islam ◽  
M. Shalim Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Estimate Heritability ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Pod Length

The present study was carried out to estimate heritability, genetic variability, correlation and genetic advance among F5 populations of ten genotypes in Brassica species. This study was executed following randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during November 2017 to February 2018 at the experimental field of College of Agricultural Sciences, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Aim of the research was to evaluate and select the best segregating genotypes for the yield and yield contributing traits towards variety development programs. Analysis of variance revealed that the genotypes were significantly different for all the characters studied. The relative phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits studied. The high GCV value was observed for the days to 50% flowering (FF), plant height (PH), primary branches per plant (PBP), pod per plant (PP) and seed yield per plant (SYP) that indicated a high broad-sense heritability. A significant positive correlation with seed yield per plant was found in days to 50% flowering (0.578**), the plant height, (0.787**), pod length (PL) (0.406*), seeds per plant (SP) (0.369*), pod per plant (0.697**) and hundred seeds weight (HSW) (0.500**), but significantly negative correlation found in primary branches per plant (-0.046*). The results of path coefficient analysis revealed that days to 50% flowering (0.287), plant height (0.407), pod length  (0.919), seeds per plant (0.033), pod per plant (0.035) and hundred seeds weight (0.795) had a positive direct impact on seed yield per plant and thus it was indicated that these traits could be exploited for the enhancement of yield performance of Brassica species. This study showed that based on the agronomic performance execution, genotypes G2, G5, G6 and G8 might be proposed for future hybridization programs in Bangladesh followed by variety development activities.

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