scholarly journals A vital people: A necessity for a good economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (s1) ◽  
pp. 241-248
Author(s):  
Edmund E. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Work Ethic ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Good Economy ◽  
Indigenous Innovation ◽  
The 19Th Century

Economics at its core is about human life in human economies. The difficulty is that economies have continued to evolve and economics has lagged behind. Modern life invaded societies in the 19th century: first in Britain and America, later in Germany and France. Increasing numbers were driven not just by a work ethic or a desire to accumulate: They were dreamers, tinkerers, and adventurers on a journey, exercising their imagination, creativity, and curiosity. This indigenous innovation, coming from the grassroots up, was the foundation of modern life which brought people satisfactions that went beyond material rewards. It is time economics has caught up to restore the dynamism and vitality necessary for people to enjoy not only a Good Life but also a Good Economy.

scholarly journals LINGVOCULTURAL NATURE OF THE VERNACULAR NAMES OF AUTHENTIC DISHES IN ENGLISH, UKRAINIAN, FRENCH AND POLISH LANGUAGES OF THE XIXTH CENTURY

10.23856/3611 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Oleksandra Palchevska
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
National Community ◽  
Vernacular Names ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
National Cuisine ◽  
Social Components ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article deals with the study of nominative units designating authentic dishes and drinks in the 19th century vernacular of the Ukrainian, English, French and Polish languages as well as the features revealing their linguistic and cultural specificity. The relevance of such research is determined by the lack of comprehensive studies of the gluttony phenomenon of in the Ukrainian, English, French and Polish languages, as well as the need to delineate the linguosemiotic and linguocultural parameters of the 19th century glutonic names. The author reveals the meaning of the term "nominative units linguocultural marking", defines its differential features; outlines the theoretical basis for the study of nominative units for the designation of authentic foods and beverages; analyzes metaphorical models of such nominations creation; finds out linguocultural features of glutonic names; describes the main methods of nomination (motivational features and the most productive word-forming models). Food is an integral part of human life, yet it is specific to a particular national community. The vitality of any nation is reflected in its cuisine. The natural, social and economic conditions of each nation also affect what do people eat. The gastronomy area we are exploring is one of greatest nationally specific areas. With the development of agriculture and the market, national cuisine and gastronomy are constantly evolving, which is reflected in the vocabulary and phraseology of the language. Collective memory and national phraseology absorb and preserve sociocultural concepts and associations that are connected with product names and national cuisine that have evolved over the centuries. Culture is a complex phenomenon that contains material, spiritual and social components. The very process of communication between people is carried out by means of a set of non-verbal (sound, visual, haptic, facial, gestural, kinetic, proxemic, etc.) and verbal or languge (oral and written) ways of transmitting culturally relevant information. Both verbal and non-verbal codes of culture reflect the external aspect of culture, while the internal aspect is related to its axiological system.

scholarly journals On the Shoulders of Giants: Tracing Back the Intellectual Sources of the Current Debate on “GDP and Beyond” to the 19th Century

2013 ◽  
Vol 233 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils aus dem Moore ◽  
Christoph M. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
International Debate ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Individual Decisions ◽  
The 19Th Century

SummaryAn eternal motive of human existence is the search for guidance.While values and beliefs retain their high relevance, today’s enlightened societies also tend to rest their aspirations and decisions on the actual facts and on a sober assessment of possible courses of events emerging from different choices. Given the complexity of modern life, it is by now well understood that this strategy requires objective, comprehensive and accessible statistical reporting. Today, the desire to provide such a valuable basis for individual decisions and policy-making finds one of its most important expressions in the international debate on “GDP and beyond”. In contrast to similar efforts displayed in previous decades, the current projects emphasize sustainability issues and focus on the accessibility of the information, using modern tools of measurement and presentation. Yet, there is ample evidence that even by the mid-19

scholarly journals Den Postmoderne Biografi

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Johnny Kondrup
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
New Criticism ◽  
Literary Biography ◽  
Literary Research ◽  
Traditional Patterns ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACT This article concerns the return of the literary biography in the humanistic fields, especially in Danish literary research, since 1980. During the New Criticism in the 1960s biography was regarded as a superfluous genre, and during the neoMarxism of the 1970s as a naive genre. But around 1980 it returned in the form of a number of new scholarly works especially in the fields of literature and history. This article points to two elements in the postmodern Zeitgeist which might have played a role in promoting the return of biography: first, the collapse of the grand systems of interpretation, and second a change in the ideal of scholarship in the direction of constructivism. Then the article investigates how ‘the new biography’ is distinguished from the old and outlines three points in particular: 1) a greater understanding of the significance of social structures; 2) an increased focus on contingency, incoherence and indeterminacy in a human life; and 3) a rising interest in the ‘ordinary’ human being. On a fourth point, postmodern biography has not come as far as one might expect. Although it could be more experimental and theoretically self-conscious, in fact it employs surprisingly traditional patterns of narrative, most of which are stamped by the Bildungsroman of the 19th century.

Modern Intimacies and Modernist Landscapes: Chinese Photographs in Late-Colonial Mozambique

Lusotopie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-212
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Macagno
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Specific Aspect ◽  
Chinese Diaspora ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Colonial Modernity ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chinese Province ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Abstract This paper addresses a specific aspect of the social and cultural life of the Luso-Chinese in Mozambique, whose first contingents came from the Chinese province of Guangdong in the second half of the 19th century. Most settled in the city of Beira. By the 1950s, the Chinese community was already well integrated into modern life in colonial Beira. The city was going through an unprecedented urban and architectural boom. At that time, the Luso-Chinese, who were essentially merchants, also began to stand out in the field of photography. Based on a multi-sited ethnography among the Portuguese-Chinese diaspora – and their family photo albums – this paper reflects on two inseparable aspects of late-colonial modernity: architecture and photography.

Die Kraft der Zeitutopie im 19. Jahrhundert.

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Andreas Ziemann
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Media Practices

"Der Aufsatz fokussiert die literarische Gattung von Utopie und Science Fiction als empirisches und historisches Material und untersucht an ausgewählten Texten des 19. Jahrhunderts, über welche zukünftigen Medien, Medienpraktiken und menschlichen Lebensformen dort geschrieben und (antizipativ) reflektiert wird. Zeitutopien, so die forschungsleitende These, fungieren als Modell und Entstehungsherd innovativer (Medien-) Techniken und besitzen eine spezifische Gestaltungskraft neuer Lebenswelten. The paper focuses on the literary genre of utopia and science fiction as empirical and historical material. With reference to selected texts from the 19th century, it outlines which future media, media practices and human life forms are discussed in an often anticipatory way. The thesis is that time utopias act as a model and source of innovative (media) technologies and have a specific power to design new worlds. "

scholarly journals Nikolai Gogol’s Literary Works, Tsar's Absolutism and Russian Cutural Life in the 19th Century: A Preliminary Note

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Herdi Sahrasad ◽  
Muhammad Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Nikolai Gogol ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Preliminary Note ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 19Th Century

This paper is to study and understand the work of Nikolai Gogol, and to learn what and to what extent Tsar's absolutism in Russia under the old regime, has influenced his work, as well as its impact on the social, cultural, political, and economic realities of Russia under the Emperor's powerful rule in 19th century. Here also revealed, to what extent the tragic human life in Gogol's work and how the efforts of the author to uphold the existence and dignity of themselves and their society are revealed in the story "TarasBulba" and examine the tragic human life that experiences injustice and dehumanization, which is revealed in the story " Shinel " (Baju Mantelor  Coat Dress). It is important to be able to learn and understand what and to what extent Gogol's role in the literary and cultural life of Russia in his day, especially regarding his  influence in Russian literature and the values of Gogol's universal humanism for the life and culture of human being in this Earth.

scholarly journals Microbiota Research: From History to Advances

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Zhengyu Lu
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Human Microbiome Project ◽  
International Project ◽  
Human Microbiota ◽  
Neural Activities ◽  
The 19Th Century

Microbiota are communities of diverse microorganisms found in multicellular creatures. The study of microbiota in human bodies initiated since the late of the 19th century, and has been flourishing with the proceeding of the Human Microbiome Project (HMP), an international project aimed to identify the types and roles of the microorganisms in human. So far, human microbiota, especially the microbiota residing in human intestines, have been shown to affect various aspects of human life, including metabolism, immunity, neural activities, aging process, and so on. Some of them are pathogenic, while some of them are beneficial, or even essential to human. In this review, we summarized the up-to-date studies characterizing the influence of different microorganism to human.

scholarly journals The General and Particular in the Perceptions of the Human Life Cycle in the Culture of the Middle Volga Region Peoples in the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-161
Author(s):  
Larisa Lepeshkina
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Regional Culture ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Peasant Community ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The 19Th Century

The research subject of the article is the ideas that the peoples of the Middle Volga region had about the human life cycle in the 19th century - processes of birth, initiation, marriage and death. The aim of the article is to identify the general (typical) and particular (unique) in these perceptions as categories that unite and at the same time separate the inhabitants of the region. The general expresses the universal features inherent in all ethnic cultures of the Middle Volga region. The particular describe the local properties that act as markers of the identity of each ethnic group. The boundaries between the general and the particular in the Middle Volga region have a symbolic designation, since the region had for several centuries a complex synthesis of the interactions between Western, Russian and Eastern traditions. The article's research methods are based on the principle of historicism. The author uses structural and typological analysis to determine the general and particular in the Volga peoples' ideas about the life cycle, as well as the comparative-historical, logical and retrospective methods. The novelty of this study lies in the culturological comprehension of their ideas about the human life cycle in the regional culture, formed under the influence of paganism, Christianity and Islam. An important role in preserving the ethno-confessional values of the inhabitants of the Middle Volga region was played by the peasant community. The author concludes that the spread of Christianity and Islam in the region under the pressure of state power and as a result of intercultural interaction had made it possible to develop the universal requirements for human living. In this case, the particular was preserved at the level of individual rites. The source materials used in the article can be useful for scholars, culturologists, teachers, students and specialists developing programs in the field of preserving the cultural heritage of the region.

scholarly journals Topical Problems of New Georgian Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malkhaz Baladze
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
European Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Philosophical Understanding

The history of new Georgian literature begins with Romanticism. Its origin was facilitated by the historical process that developed in Georgia at the beginning of the 19th century, in particular, the loss of the country's independence. The Georgian man left the field of action, he became dependent on others. Sadness and despair, in turn, gave rise to a certain spiritual loneliness in Romantic writers. Loneliness even added more judgmental character to their creativity. Questions arose about human life, destiny, its essence and purpose, which in itself gave the creations of the Romantics a philosophical character. Thus, Georgian literature has already responded to the world historical-philosophical proces, Where the problem of the place of art, starting from the era of Romanticism, permeated the entire humanitarian self-knowledge of European culture. The subject of research is also the question, what philosophy means in literature, What is the difference between philosophy and the philosophy of literature and what do they have in common, When philosophy thinks in categories, literature in artistic forms and these two forms of conveying truth are important to man. Georgian classical romanticism begins with Alexander Chavchavadze and he laid the foundation for the artistic-philosophical understanding of the events and carried out the philosophical contemplation of the essence and existence, purpose and origin of human life in excellent artistic forms;The elements of philosophical reasoning in the work of Gregory Orbeli are faint, but still appear in the last period of creation.The peak of Georgian romanticism, Nikoloz Baratashvili, takes the philosophical character of Georgian literature of that time to the highest level. The difference is that the internal philosophical discourse with Nikoloz Baratashvili goes to the highest level and not only philosophically prepares us for certain events, but, in many cases, responds to them.In the second half of the 19th century, realism further deepened the process of depicting these important issues in a highly artistic form, which is the subject of a separate study.

Grammatical Descriptions in Manchu Grammar Books from the Qing Dynasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Takashi Takekoshi
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Chinese Scholars ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The 19Th Century

In this paper, we analyse features of the grammatical descriptions in Manchu grammar books from the Qing Dynasty. Manchu grammar books exemplify how Chinese scholars gave Chinese names to grammatical concepts in Manchu such as case, conjugation, and derivation which exist in agglutinating languages but not in isolating languages. A thorough examination reveals that Chinese scholarly understanding of Manchu grammar at the time had attained a high degree of sophistication. We conclude that the reason they did not apply modern grammatical concepts until the end of the 19th century was not a lack of ability but because the object of their grammatical descriptions was Chinese, a typical isolating language.

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