scholarly journals The effect of menstrual cycle on anaerobic power and jumping performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 367-372
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Yapıcı-Öksüzoğlu ◽  
Halit Egesoy
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Jumping Performance ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Jumping Test

Background and Study Aim. There has been a significant increase in the participation levels of women in competitive sports in recent years. This has contributed to the increase of research on women's participation in sports and their health. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the menstrual cycle on anaerobic power and jumping performance. Material and Methods. In this study, 15 female athletes between the ages of 18-24, who have a regular menstrual cycle for the last 6 months Wingate Anaerobic Power Test and Active Jumping Test applied to athletes during their menstrual phases (second day of the menstruation period) and follicular phases (14th day of the menstruation period). In the statistical analysis of the data, descriptive analyses of test measurements of athletes were calculated as mean and standard deviation. Whether there is a significant difference between the measurements taken on two different days was analyzed using the t-test in dependent groups. Results. It was determined that the anaerobic power and active jump performances of the participants had an effect on peak power, fatigue index and active jump performance between day 2 and day 14 values. Also, there was a statistically significant difference between these values (p<0.05). Conclusions. This situation can be explained as a result of the hormonal changes in the menstrual period of the athletes and the effects of psychological factors specific to this period.

Athletic Performance and the Oral Contraceptive

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Rechichi ◽  
Brian Dawson ◽  
Carmel Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Physiological Variables

Some reports suggest variation in physiological responses and athletic performance, for female athletes at specific phases of the menstrual cycle. However, inconsistent findings are common due to the inappropriate verification of menstrual cycle phase, small subject numbers, high intra- and interindividual variability in estrogen and progesterone concentration, and the pulsatile secretion of these hormones. Therefore, the oral contraceptive (OC) cycle may provide a more stable environment in which to evaluate the acute effect of reproductive hormones on physiological variables and exercise performance. To date, most of the OC research has compared differences between OC use and nonuse, and few researchers have examined within-cycle effects of the OC. It is also apparent that OC use is becoming far more prevalent in athletes; hence the effect of the different exogenous and endogenous hormonal profiles on athletic performance should be investigated. Research to date identifies potential for variation in aerobic performance, anaerobic capacity, anaerobic power and reactive strength throughout an OC cycle. The purpose of this review is to present and evaluate the current literature on the physiology of exercise and athletic performance during the OC cycle.

The Effects of Active and Passive Recovery on Short-Term, High Intensity Power Output

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Signorile ◽  
Lisa M. Tremblay ◽  
Christopher Ingalls
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Cycle Ergometry ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Recovery Cycle ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Passive Recovery ◽  
Significant Difference

The advantage of active over passive recovery from long and intermediate duration exercise is well documented. Success has been attributed to metabolite washout and/or lactate (La) utilization by the active musculature. This study was designed to determine whether active recovery was superior to passive rest during short duration, high intensity performance. On 4 separate days, six athletes performed a set of eight 6-s power tests separated by 30-s recovery intervals under two recovery conditions. Recovery conditions involved either sitting passively on the bike (P) or actively pedaling (A) at 60 rpm using 1 kg resistance. A MANOVA on peak power (PP), fatigue rate (F), and total work (TW) showed a significant difference due to recovery condition, F(3, 169); p <.0001. Separate ANOVAs revealed that PP (A = 1192.85 watts, P = 1134.57 watts; p <.0001) and TW (A = 6.59 kJ, P = 6.23 kJ; p <.0001) differed significantly between conditions. No difference was found for F (A = 80.12 watts∙sec−1, P = 79.80 watts∙sec−1). Results indicate that active recovery provides superior performance to passive rest in repeated short-term, high intensity power activities. Key words: recovery, cycle ergometry, anaerobic power

scholarly journals Application of modified Wingate anaerobic test in maximal power measurement

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Popadic-Gacesa ◽  
Dea Karaba-Jakovljevic ◽  
Otto Barak ◽  
Miodrag Drapsin
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Power Measurement ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Measurement Protocol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Anaerobic Test

INTRODUCTION Wingate anaerobic test is an all-out test, which gives information about maximal anaerobic power. The aim of the study was to show characteristics of standard and modified versions of Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT), and to determine and explain the differences in observed parameters due to the measurement protocol applied. MATHERIAL AND METHODS The testing was conducted on 30 male non sportsmen, who performed usual everyday activities. The following parameters were measured: peak power or anaerobic power, mean power as a mean value of power during the whole test and explosive power or acceleration. Modified versions were performed with 5 s or 10 s delay of maximal cycling activity, during which the person was slowly pedaling. RESULTS The average values of parameters Peak power and Explosive power in our participants were 622.20?134.57 W and 89.26 ?28.57 W/s, respectively. In modification 1 Peak Power and Explosive Power were 680.25?133.43 W and 100.60?12.77 W/s, and in modification 2 they were 685.95?135.68 W and 100.30?10.09 W/s. Significant differences were found in both parameters between the standard and modified versions, but there was no significant difference between two modified versions. The mean power parameter was not considered in the discussion, because of the fact that modified versions were shortened, and it was not a valid measurement for this parameter. DISCUSION AND CONCLUSION The difference between standard and modified versions can be explained by the difference between test and retest probes, and also because of modification of protocol which can partially influence the results of testing.

scholarly journals Correlation between muscle architecture and anaerobic power in athletes involved in different sports

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Lim Lee ◽  
Tae-Woong Oh ◽  
Young-Chun Gil ◽  
Hee-Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Muscle Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Degree

AbstractAthletes cultivate highly developed muscles based on their sport category, creating a body shape that matches the characteristics of that sports category. We tested the significance of the correlation between muscle development characteristics and anaerobic power in athletes to build a database for each category. Fifty-eight college athletes participated in this study. To assess muscle characteristics, muscle thickness (MT) and fascicle angle (FA) were measured by ultrasonography (US) in lower limb. Furthermore, anaerobic power was measured with the Wingate test. Analysis of the correlation between muscle structure and anaerobic power revealed significant differences between the sports categories, except for the MT of the medial head of gastrocnemius (Gm), lateral head of gastrocnemius, and FA of Gm. A significant difference was observed for all parameters, except for the arrival time to peak power in the anaerobic power items; in particular, a high degree of correlation in mean power/kg and peak power/kg was observed. A similar tendency was observed in the correlation between muscle structure and anaerobic power in most sports categories, but certain muscle characteristic factors were prominent in each sport. Based on these, it is possible to contribute to predicting and promoting athletic performance.

scholarly journals The Effects of Caffeine on Jumping Performance and Maximal Strength in Female Collegiate Athletes

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2496
Author(s):  
Benjamin I. Burke ◽  
S. Kyle Travis ◽  
Jeremy A. Gentles ◽  
Kimitake Sato ◽  
Henry M. Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Tympanic Temperature ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Maximal Strength ◽  
Jumping Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Collegiate Athletes

Caffeine is often used in a variety of forms to enhance athletic performance; however, research regarding caffeine’s effects on strength and power in female athletes is lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the acute effects of caffeine anhydrous (6 mg/kg of body mass) on jumping performance and maximal strength in female collegiate athletes. Eleven athletes (19.7 ± 0.9 yrs; 166.4 ± 10.2 cm, 67.7 ± 9.4 kg) performed two testing sessions separated by one week, and randomly received caffeine or placebo using a double-blind approach. Heart rate, blood pressure, and tympanic temperature were recorded before athletes received each condition, following 60 min of quiet sitting, and directly after performance testing. Athletes were assessed on unweighted and weighted squat jump height (SJH0, SJH20) and countermovement jump height (CMJH0, CMJH20), isometric mid-thigh pull peak force (IPF), and rate of force development from 0–200 ms (RFD200). Resting systolic blood pressure was significantly greater following caffeine administration compared to a placebo (p = 0.017). There were small, significant differences in SJH0 (p = 0.035, g = 0.35), SJH20 (p = 0.002, g = 0.49), CMJH0 (p = 0.015, g = 0.19), and CMJH20 (p < 0.001, g = 0.37) in favor of caffeine over placebo. However, there was no significant difference in IPF (p = 0.369, g = 0.12) and RFD200 (p = 0.235, g = 0.32) between conditions. Therefore, caffeine appears to enhance jumping performance, but not maximal strength in female collegiate athletes.

scholarly journals Countermovement jump performance in elite male and female sprinters and high jumpers

2020 ◽  
pp. 175433712097143
Author(s):  
Lydia Kate Philpott ◽  
Stephanie E Forrester ◽  
Katherine AJ van Lopik ◽  
Steven Hayward ◽  
Paul P Conway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mass Position

Countermovement jumps (CMJs) are widely used in athlete training, performance monitoring and research as an indicator of power output. Despite extensive scientific research on CMJs, data for elite track and field athletes is limited, particularly for non-sprint events and female athletes. The purpose of this study was threefold: (i) to compare CMJ performance between elite sprinters and high jumpers; (ii) to compare CMJ performance between elite male and female athletes in these two events; and (iii) to determine which CMJ take-off parameters correlated most strongly with jump height. Twenty-seven elite athletes (sprinters: nine male and seven female; high jumpers: five male and six female) completed three maximal CMJs. Jump height and take-off phase parameters were obtained from the force–time data and compared between groups; additionally, time series comparisons were performed on the force, power and displacement data. There was no difference in jump height or any of the take-off parameters between the sprinters and high jumpers; however, the time series analysis indicated that the sprinters maintained a lower centre of mass position during the latter concentric phase. The male athletes jumped higher than the female athletes (by 10.0 cm or 24.2%; p < 0.001) with significantly greater body weight normalised peak power (17.9%, p = 0.002) and significantly shorter eccentric time (17.4%, p = 0.035). Jump height was most strongly correlated with peak power. In addition, jump height was also strongly correlated with positive impulse and both minimum and mean concentric centre of mass position. These results support the importance of accounting for event and gender when investigating CMJ performance.

scholarly journals Korelasi Antara Lompat Vertikal Dengan Performa Sprint 60 Meter Pada Atlet Taekwondo dan Karate

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Tommy Apriantono ◽  
Syahruddin Syahruddin ◽  
Bagus Winata ◽  
Doddy Abdul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Jumping Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
First Session

Taekwondo dan Pencak silat merupaka dua contoh cabang olahraga seni bela diri yang saat ini sedang berkembang saat ini. Maka dari itu, tujuan daripada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur serta mengetahui korelasi antara performa lompat vertikal dengan sprint 60 meter pada atlet Taekwondo dan Pencak silat. Seluruh peserta, dibagi menjadi dua kelompok berdasarkan kecabangan mereka, yaitu kelompok Taekwondo (TKW), dan kelompok Pencak silat (PKS). Seluruh peserta diwajibkan untuk melakukan pemanasan secara statis dan dinamis selama minimal 15 menit. Setelah sesi pemanasan selesai, kelompok TKW memulai pertama untuk sesi pengukuran anthropometry, lompat vertikal, dan sprint. Kelompok PKS lebih unggul dalam melakukan performa loncatan, yaitu 57,33 (± 7,73) cm dibandingkan dengan kelompok TKW sebesar 55,78 (± 4,30) cm. Sedangkan untuk hasil sprint 60 meter, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara sprint 60 meter antara kelompok TKW dan PKS (p = 0,007), dimana kelompok PKS (7,94 ± 0,15) detik lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan kelompok TKW (8,48 ± 0,49) detik. Hasil dalam penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi antara performa lompat vertikal dengan performa sprint 60 meter, pada atlet Takewondo dan Pencak silat.Taekwondo and Pencak silat are two examples of martial arts sports that are currently being developed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure and determine the correlation between vertical jump performance and 60 meter sprints in Taekwondo and Pencak silat athletes. All participants were divided into two groups based on their branches, namely the Taekwondo group (TKW) and the Pencak silat group (PKS). All participants are required to warm up statically and dynamically for at least 15 minutes. After the warm-up session was over, the TKW group started the first session for anthropometry measurement, vertical jump, and sprint. The PKS group was superior in jumping performance, 57.33 (± 7.73) cm compared to the TKW group of 55.78 (± 4.30) cm. As for the results of the 60 meter sprint, it shows that there were a significant difference between the 60 meter sprint between the TKW and PKS groups (p = 0.007), where the PKS group (7.94 ± 0.15) seconds is faster than the TKW group (8, 48 ± 0.49) seconds. The results in this study indicate that there were a correlation between vertical jump performance and 60 meter sprint performance, for Takewondo and Pencak silat athletes.

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