The Use of Scallop Shell Powder as a Method of Extracting Strontium

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (52) ◽  
pp. 3525-3532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumihiro Mihara ◽  
Ken Takeuchi ◽  
Sanae Tamura ◽  
Yasushi Idemoto ◽  
Yasuo Kogo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cancer ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Functional Material ◽  
Scallop Shell ◽  
Scallop Shells ◽  
Shell Powder ◽  
Advanced Functional Material

ABSTRACTIn Japan, scallop shells are considered to be industrial waste. Thus far, attempts for reusing these shells have been mainly limited to the commercial production of CaCO3. Nevertheless, there are no clear economic benefits associated with the use of scallop shells as a source of CaCO3. Hence, we are attempting to investigate a new value-added use for scallop shells as an advanced functional material. In this regard, we focused our attention on nuclear wastewater, which contains radioactive Sr and Cs. Sr, which tends to accumulate in bones, is believed to cause bone cancer. Hence, it is highly desirable to develop a method for removing Sr from contaminated water. In this study, we investigate whether scallop shells demonstrate the ability to remove Sr from a solution. From the results obtained, scallop shells can remove Sr solutes from a solution; furthermore, as compared to CaCO3, they demonstrate superior ability for removing Sr.

scholarly journals Antibiofilm Effects of Heated Scallop Shell Powder on Campylobacter jejuni Biofilms

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Haruka Tsukuda ◽  
Taiki Akimoto ◽  
Nona Fukikoshi ◽  
Resei Wada ◽  
Jun Sawai
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Scallop Shell ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Scallop Shells ◽  
Naoh Treatment ◽  
Microaerobic Conditions ◽  
Shell Powder ◽  
Bactericidal Agent

Methods to reuse large numbers of scallop shells from the harvesting regions of Japan are being explored. The major component of scallop shells is calcium carbonate (CaCO3), which forms the powerful bactericidal agent, calcium oxide (CaO), when heated. Heated scallop shell powder (HSSP) exhibits strong and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This study investigated the antibiofilm activity of HSSP against the biofilms of Campylobacter jejuni, which is the predominant species in campylobacteriosis. Biofilm samples of C. jejuni were prepared on 0.45 µm filter paper under microaerobic conditions. The HSSP treatment inactivated and eradicated C. jejuni biofilms. The resistance of C. jejuni biofilms to HSSP was significantly higher than that of the floating cells. Moreover, the antibiofilm activity of the HSSP treatment against C. jejuni biofilms was higher than that of NaOH treatment at the same pH. These results indicated that HSSP treatment is an effective method for controlling C. jejuni biofilms.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Properties of Scallop Shell Derived Calcium Hydroxide Powders

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Gulsum Aydin ◽  
Ayse Kalemtas
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Value Added ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scallop Shell ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scallop Shells ◽  
Hydroxide Phase

Globally increased bivalve aquaculture production results in a vast amount of by-product discharges such as scallop shells. Utilization of these wastes to produce new products such as antibacterial agents can cooperate to reduce environmental problems and provide a high value-added product at a lower cost. In this study, scallop shells are heat-treated at 800°, 900°, 1000°, and 1100°C for 4 hours at atmospheric conditions. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that calcium carbonate is the only inorganic phase in the powdered scallop shells. Ten weeks after the thermal treatment of the scallop shells, the calcium hydroxide phase was the only crystalline phase determined by X-ray diffraction analysis for the samples calcined at 1000° and 1100°C. At lower calcination temperatures, calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide phases were co-existing in the samples. Scanning electron microscopy investigations depicted that using scallop shells as a starting material to synthesize nanometer-sized calcium hydroxide is achieved. It was determined that applied calcination temperature has a significant effect on the particle size of the obtained calcium hydroxide phase. Antimicrobial activity of calcined and uncalcined shell powders were tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. No antibacterial activity was detected for the uncalcined scallop shell powders. However strong antibacterial activity was determined for the powders after subjection to calcination. Calcination of scallop shells is an environmentally friendly, readily applied, and low- cost approach to achieve nanometer-size calcium hydroxide that can be used as an inorganic antibacterial material in various composite systems.

scholarly journals Economic Impact of Drought- and Shade-tolerant Bermudagrass Varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanjin Chung ◽  
Tracy A. Boyer ◽  
Marco Palma ◽  
Monika Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Economic Impact Analysis ◽  
New Varieties

This study estimates potential economic impacts of developing drought- and shade-tolerant bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) turf varieties in five southern states: Texas, Florida, Georgia, Oklahoma, and North Carolina. First, estimates are provided for the market-level crop values of the newly developed two varieties for each state. Then, an economic impact analysis is conducted using an input–output model to assess additional output values (direct, indirect, and induced impacts), value added, and employment due to the new varieties. Our results indicate that the two new varieties would offer significant economic impacts for the central and eastern regions of the United States. Under the assumption of full adoption, the two new products would generate $142.4 million of total output, $91.3 million of value added, and 1258 new jobs. When a lower adoption rate is assumed at 20%, the expected economic impacts would generate $28.5 million of output, $18.3 million of value added, and 252 jobs in the region. Our findings quantify the potential economic benefits of development and adoption of new turfgrass varieties with desirable attributes for residential use. The findings suggest that researchers, producers, and policymakers continue their efforts to meet consumers’ needs, and in doing so, they will also reduce municipal water consumption in regions suited to bermudagrass varieties.

scholarly journals The Application of Economic Value Added on Green Facilities of Urban Agriculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Kuo Wei Hsu ◽  
Shang Zhen Liao
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Value Added ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Production And Consumption

Green facilities of urban agriculture offer a fertile ground for green innovation, such as rooftop gardens, green curtains, and indoor plant growing, which create a new forms of urban farming economy. The previous studies for cost-benefit analysis of urban agriculture indicated that green facilities could contribute both quantitative and qualitative benefits. The value of green facility strategies of urban agriculture may often be underestimated without transforming qualitative benefits to quantitative benefits. This study examined the effects of green facilities of urban agriculture development in Taiwan. The market reaction was explored by adopting economic value added (EVA) technique for the measurement of both quantitative and qualitative value contributed by green facilities. The results from this study support that there exists interaction between qualitative factors such as indirect economic benefits and social psychological benefits and quantitative factors, agricultural production and energy saving impacted by green facilities. The study concluded that consumers of urban agricultural crops are willing to pay more for eco-friendly products. The establishment of relationship between urban agricultural production and consumption can contribute to sustainability while generating economic opportunities.

scholarly journals Modeling and Analysis of Coal-Based Lurgi Gasification for LNG and Methanol Coproduction Process

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gu ◽  
Yang ◽  
Kokossis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Methanol Synthesis ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Gas Removal

A coal-based coproduction process of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and methanol (CTLNG-M) is developed and key units are simulated in this paper. The goal is to find improvements of the low-earning coal to synthesis natural gas (CTSNG) process using the same raw material but producing a low-margin, single synthesis natural gas (SNG) product. In the CTLNG-M process, there are two innovative aspects. Firstly, the process can co-generate high value-added products of LNG and methanol, in which CH4 is separated from the syngas to obtain liquefied natural gas (LNG) through a cryogenic separation unit, while the remaining lean-methane syngas is then used for methanol synthesis. Secondly, CO2 separated from the acid gas removal unit is partially reused for methanol synthesis reaction, which consequently increases the carbon element utilization efficiency and reduces the CO2 emission. In this paper, the process is designed with the output products of 642,000 tons/a LNG and 1,367,800 tons/a methanol. The simulation results show that the CTLNG-M process can obtain a carbon utilization efficiency of 39.6%, bringing about a reduction of CO2 emission by 130,000 tons/a compared to the CTSNG process. However, the energy consumption of the new process is increased by 9.3% after detailed analysis of energy consumption. The results indicate that although electricity consumption is higher than that of the conventional CTSNG process, the new CTLNG-M process is still economically feasible. In terms of the economic benefits, the investment is remarkably decreased by 17.8% and an increase in internal rate of return (IRR) by 6% is also achieved, contrasting to the standalone CTSNG process. It is; therefore, considered as a feasible scheme for the efficient utilization of coal by Lurgi gasification technology and production planning for existing CTSNG plants.

Bactericidal Effect of Calcium Oxide (Scallop-Shell Powder) AgainstPseudomonas aeruginosaBiofilm on Quail Egg Shell, Stainless Steel, Plastic, and Rubber

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1682-1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Jin Jung ◽  
Shin Young Park ◽  
Seh Eun Kim ◽  
Ike Kang ◽  
Jiyong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Scallop Shell ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Shell Powder

scholarly journals Antiviral Activity of Scallop-Shell Powder against Avian Influenza Virus and Goose Parvovirus

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misato Tsujimura ◽  
Chanathip Thammakarn ◽  
Yuki Yamada ◽  
Keisuke Satoh ◽  
Tomomi Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Scallop Shell ◽  
Goose Parvovirus ◽  
Shell Powder

Benefits and Beneficiaries of the Oklahoma Mesonet: A Multisectoral Ripple Effect Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga R. Ziolkowska ◽  
Christopher A. Fiebrich ◽  
J. D. Carlson ◽  
Andrea D. Melvin ◽  
Albert J. Sutherland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Safety ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Ripple Effect ◽  
Oklahoma Mesonet ◽  
K 12

Abstract Since the Oklahoma Mesonet (the state’s automated mesoscale weather station network) was established in 1994, it has served a number of diverse groups and provided public services to foster weather preparedness, education, and public safety, while also supporting decision-making in agricultural production and wildland fire management. With 121 monitoring stations across the state, the Oklahoma Mesonet has developed an array of technologies to observe a variety of atmospheric and soil variables in 5- to 30-min intervals. These consistent observations have been especially critical for predicting and preparing for extreme weather events like droughts, floods, ice storms, and severe convective storms as well as for development of value-added tools. The tools, outreach programs, and mesoscale data have been widely utilized by the general public, state decision-makers, public safety officials, K–12 community, agricultural sector, and researchers, thus generating wide societal and economic benefits to many groups. Based on practical application examples of weather information provided by the Oklahoma Mesonet, this paper analyzes both benefits generated by Oklahoma Mesonet information to the public and decision-makers and ripple effects (spreading amplified outcomes/implications) of those benefits in the short and long term. The paper further details ongoing and anticipated Oklahoma Mesonet innovations as a response to changing needs for weather-related information over time, especially as a result of technological developments and weather variability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document