Investigation of Novel Opuntia Ficus-indica Mucilage Nanofiber Membrane Filtration for Water Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia W. Thomas ◽  
Manopriya Devisetty ◽  
Hruday Chand Katakam ◽  
Samuel Perez ◽  
Fei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Nanofiber Membrane ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Nanofiber Membranes

ABSTRACTNanofiltration technology is being investigated as a cost-effective and environmentally acceptable mechanism of sustaining industrial and public water systems. Nanofiber membranes are part of the family of filtration devices being used to remove inorganics and organics from water systems. This study investigates the use of the natural material, Opuntia ficus-indica (Ofi) cactus mucilage, as a tool for nanofiber membrane filtration. Mucilage is a natural, non-toxic, bio-compatible, biodegradable, inexpensive and abundant material. Mucilage is a clear colorless substance comprised of proteins, mono-saccharides, and polysaccharides. It also contains organic species, which give it the capacity to interact with metals, cations and biological substances promoting flocculation for removing arsenic, bacteria, E. coli, and other particulates from drinking water. This natural material has the potential to be used as a sustainable method for water filtration and contaminant sensing. Therefore, mucilage nanofiber membranes were electrospun with volume ratios of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polystyrene (PS) to mucilage comparing the interaction of non-polar solvents. Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry (AFS) from PSAnalytical was used to evaluate electrospun nanofiber membranes made from volume ratios ranging from 30:70 to 70:30 of mucilage: polyvinyl alcohol, mucilage: polystyrene-D-limonene, and mucilage: polystyrene–toluene in different proportions. The mucilage nanofiber membranes were used as filtration devices for 50 ppb arsenic solutions. Arsenic, being a toxic substance, acts as a deadly poison in water systems and has plagued societal preservation for centuries. The total arsenic content in the samples were measured before and after treatment. Comparative tests were also performed using 1) coated and non-coated GVWP 0.22 µm and 0.45 µm filters from Millipore and 2) columnar flow through Pasteur glass pipets filled with 0.5 g of pre-washed sand from Fisher Scientific and 0.01 g of mucilage nanofibers. Results show mucilage: polystyrene nanofiber membrane filters were capable of removing arsenic from test solutions, in terms of the percentage of arsenic removed. These data elucidate that mucilage nanofiber membranes have the potential to serve as the basis for the next generation of economically sustainable filtration devices that make use of a natural non-toxic material for sustainable water systems.

Sound absorption property of PVA/PEO/GO nanofiber membrane and non-woven composite material

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-525
Author(s):  
Huan Liu ◽  
Baoqi Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Nanofiber Membrane ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Absorption Performance ◽  
Nanofiber Membranes

Blend films based on polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene oxide (70/30 wt%) undoped and doped with different concentration of graphene oxide were prepared by spiral vane electrospinning. Characteristic properties of the blend films were investigated by using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The sound absorption performance of the compositions (nanofiber membranes and needle punched non-woven fabric) was tested by an impedance tube. The sound absorption performance of non-woven fabric has greatly improved after combining with thin nanofiber membranes. With addition of graphene oxide, the fibers were intertwined in a loop and form a network, the areal density and surface roughness of the nanofiber membrane are reduced. Composites containing polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene oxide nanofiber membranes and composites containing polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene oxide/graphene oxide nanofiber membranes exhibited different sound absorption properties in different frequency bands. When the fiber coefficient of variation was small, the average sound absorption coefficient of the composite material was high. However, composites containing both polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene oxide/graphene oxide nanofiber membranes had similar sound absorption properties, and the average sound absorption coefficient was greater than that of polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene oxide composites.

scholarly journals Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies of Lysozyme Adsorption on Cibacron Blue F3GA Dye-Ligand Immobilized on Aminated Nanofiber Membrane

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
Ai Hsin ◽  
Su-Chun How ◽  
Steven S.-S. Wang ◽  
Chien Wei Ooi ◽  
Chen-Yaw Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Free Energy Change ◽  
Energy Change ◽  
Nanofiber Membrane ◽  
Cibacron Blue ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Nanofiber Membranes ◽  
Lysozyme Adsorption ◽  
Cibacron Blue F3ga ◽  
Pan Nanofiber

The polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membrane was prepared by the electrospinning technique. The nitrile group on the PAN nanofiber surface was oxidized to carboxyl group by alkaline hydrolysis. The carboxylic group on the membrane surface was then converted to dye affinity membrane through reaction with ethylenediamine (EDA) and Cibacron Blue F3GA, sequentially. The adsorption characteristics of lysozyme onto the dye ligand affinity nanofiber membrane (namely P-EDA-Dye) were investigated under various conditions (e.g., adsorption pH, EDA coupling concentration, lysozyme concentration, ionic strength, and temperature). Optimum experimental parameters were determined to be pH 7.5, a coupling concentration of EDA 40 μmol/mL, and an immobilization density of dye 267.19 mg/g membrane. To understand the mechanism of adsorption and possible rate controlling steps, a pseudo first-order, a pseudo second-order, and the Elovich models were first used to describe the experimental kinetic data. Equilibrium isotherms for the adsorption of lysozyme onto P-EDA-Dye nanofiber membrane were determined experimentally in this work. Our kinetic analysis on the adsorption of lysozyme onto P-EDA-Dye nanofiber membranes revealed that the pseudo second-order rate equation was favorable. The experimental data were satisfactorily fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model, and the thermodynamic parameters including the free energy change, enthalpy change, and entropy change of adsorption were also determined accordingly. Our results indicated that the free energy change had a negative value, suggesting that the adsorption process occurred spontaneously. Moreover, after five cycles of reuse, P-EDA-Dye nanofiber membranes still showed promising efficiency of lysozyme adsorption.

scholarly journals An Antimicrobial Peptide-Loaded Chitosan/Polyethylene Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane Fabricated by Electrospinning Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Yu ◽  
Shubin Dou ◽  
Jinghan Ma ◽  
Qiang Gong ◽  
Mogen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Nanofiber Membrane ◽  
New Class ◽  
Intensity Changes ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Nanofiber Membranes

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a new class of promising antibacterial agents. We prepared electrospinning chitosan (CS)-polyethylene oxide (PEO) nanofiber membranes containing different concentrations of an antibacterial peptide NP10. The average diameter of nanofibers increased with the total concentration of NP10. The FTIR shows that all the peaks of CS-PEO nanofiber membranes with different concentrations of NP10 were almost the same as those of pure CS-PEO nanofiber membranes, and only the peak intensity changes. Adding NP10 can improve the thermal stability of CS-PEO nanofiber membranes. In the in vitro release experiment, NP10 was released from the CS-PEO-0.5%NP10 nanofiber membrane in a burst first and then slowly and continuously. Simultaneously, the CS-PEO-NP10 nanofiber membrane had good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and good biocompatibility. In animal wound healing experiments, CS-PEO-0.5%NP10 nanofiber membrane had advantages over gauze and CS-PEO nanofiber membrane in wound healing. These properties may provide a choice for the clinical application of AMPs and treatment of wound infections.

scholarly journals Physically Cross-Linked Gels of PVA with Natural Polymers as Matrices for Manuka Honey Release in Wound-Care Applications

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Neres Santos ◽  
Ana Duarte Moreira ◽  
Carlos Piler Carvalho ◽  
Rosa Luchese ◽  
Edlene Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose ◽  
Manuka Honey ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Burn Treatment ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
Capacity Degradation

Manuka honey is a well-known natural material from New Zealand, considered to have properties beneficial for burn treatment. Gels created from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blended with natural polymers are potential burn-care dressings, combining biocompatibility with high fluid uptake. Controlled release of manuka honey from such materials is a possible strategy for improving burn healing. This work aimed to produce polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), PVA–sodium carboxymethylcellulose (PVA-CMC), PVA–gelatin (PVA-G), and PVA–starch (PVA-S) cryogels infused with honey and to characterize these materials physicochemically, morphologically, and thermally, followed by in vitro analysis of swelling capacity, degradation/weight loss, honey delivery kinetics, and possible activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The addition of honey to PVA led to many PVA crystals with defects, while PVA–starch–honey and PVA–sodium carboxymethylcellulose–honey (PVA-CMC-H) formed amorphous gels. PVA-CMC presented the highest swelling degree of all. PVA-CMC-H and PVA–gelatin–honey presented the highest swelling capacities of the honey-laden samples. Weight loss/degradation was significantly higher for samples containing honey. Layers submitted to more freeze–thawing cycles were less porous in SEM images. With the honey concentration used, samples did not inhibit S. aureus, but pure manuka honey was bactericidal and dilutions superior to 25% honey were bacteriostatic, indicating the need for higher concentrations to be more effective.

Emulsion electrospun polylactic acid/Apocynum venetum nanocellulose nanofiber membranes with controlled sea buckthorn extract release as a drug delivery system

2020 ◽  
pp. 004051752097017
Author(s):  
Lu Wang ◽  
Chenmeizi Wang ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Qingle Zhang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
Nanofiber Membrane ◽  
Apocynum Venetum ◽  
Nanofiber Membranes ◽  
Sheath Structure

Prolonging the duration of drug action and reducing toxicity play a vital role in wound administration as they reduce the chance of infection and decrease complications and cost. This study reports the natural antioxidant procyanidins extracted from sea buckthorn (SBT) and laboratory-manufactured Apocynum venetum cellulose nanofiber as core drugs. The sustained-release nanofiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning on polylactic acid/polyvinyl pyrrolidone nanofibers. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify the phenolic compounds in SBT extracts and confirmed the presence of procyanidins with a content of 0.0345 mg/g. The nanofiber membrane was characterized through transmission electron microscopy, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug-release study and antioxidant assay. The results indicated that the extracted procyanidins were successfully encapsulated in the core–sheath structure nanofibers, and the encapsulation efficiency of nanofiber membranes reached 83.84%. In vitro measurements of the delivery showed this core–sheath structure could significantly alleviate the drug burst release, which is followed by a linear and smooth release within 30 hours. Further tests showed that the removal efficiency of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl reached 88.62%, indicating that the membranes had high antioxidant activity. This work implies that the combination of Apocynum venetum nanocellulose and emulsion electrospun fibers has promising potential applications in tissue engineering or drug delivery.

Treatment of high arsenic content wastewater by membrane filtration

Desalination ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 240 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 270-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fogarassy ◽  
I. Galambos ◽  
E. Bekassy-Molnar ◽  
Gy. Vatai
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
High Arsenic

scholarly journals Fabrication, Characterization, and Antibacterial Properties of Electrospun Membrane Composed of Gum Karaya, Polyvinyl Alcohol, and Silver Nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Vellora Thekkae Padil ◽  
Nhung H. A. Nguyen ◽  
Alena Ševců ◽  
Miroslav Černík
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Gum Karaya ◽  
Nanofiber Membranes

Gum karaya (GK), a natural hydrocolloid, was mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) at different weight ratios and electrospun to produce PVA/GK nanofibers. An 80 : 20 PVA/GK ratio produced the most suitable nanofiber for further testing. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were synthesised through chemical reduction of AgNO3(at different concentrations) in the PVA/GK solution, the GK hydroxyl groups being oxidised to carbonyl groups, and Ag+cations reduced to metallic Ag-NPs. These PVA/GK/Ag solutions were then electrospun to produce nanofiber membranes containing Ag-NPs (Ag-MEMs). Membrane morphology and other characteristics were analysed using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and UV-Vis and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity of the Ag-NP solution and Ag-MEM was then investigated against Gram-negativeEscherichia coliandPseudomonas aeruginosaand Gram-positiveStaphylococcus aureus. Our results show that electrospun nanofiber membranes based on natural hydrocolloid, synthetic polymer, and Ag-NPs have many potential uses in medical applications, food packaging, and water treatment.

scholarly journals Application of polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber membrane for smoke filtration

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Kusumaatmaja ◽  
Basuki Sukandaru ◽  
Chotimah ◽  
Kuwat Triyana
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Nanofiber Membrane

scholarly journals Analysis and risk assessment of arsenic in the water sources of the cities Cuenca and Azogues, Ecuador

MASKANA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Guillermina Pauta-Calle ◽  
María Velasco ◽  
Gabriela Vázquez ◽  
Andrea Abril ◽  
Santiago Torres
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Toxic Element ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The City

Arsenic (As) is a toxic element present in the environment posing a threat to consumers health. To identify the arsenic content in rivers, páramos, and wells in the city of Cuenca, and in rivers in the city of Azogues, two monitoring campaigns in the period August-November 2017 were conducted, respectively during a low and high flow hydrological period. The measurements encompassed physicochemical quality indicators such as pH, color, turbidity, and conductivity. Results show that the páramos and wells are free of As, while this toxic substance is present in surface water with higher levels in periods of high flow. A significant association between the concentration of As and the pH of river water was found. The risk of chronic toxicity from consumption is almost non-existent because the observed As levels exceed only exceptionally the permissible limit established by the Ecuadorian TULSMA (Unified Text of Secondary Environmental Legislation) regulation. The presence of As in surface water is the result of anthropological activities such as the use of pesticides. A permanent monitoring of the quality of water resources for human consumption is necessary, particularly in the rainy season, due to the diffuse and difficult to control pollution processes.

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