Diffusion weighted imaging in differentiation of the clear cell RCC from the major non-clear cell RCC subtypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Naciye Kış ◽  
◽  
Berrin Erok ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
B Value ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clear Cell Rcc ◽  
Grade Iii

Introduction. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignant renal tumor in adults accounting for 80-90% of primary malignant adult renal neoplasms. RCC represents a very heterogenous groups of tumors with a number of distinct histological varieties, of which the major 3 subtypes are clear cell RCC (70-80%), papillary RCC (13-20%), and chromophobe RCC (5%). Imaging features are varied from solid and relatively homogenous appearance to markedly heterogenous appearance with cystic changes, hemorrhage and necrosis. The use of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for RCC subtyping and also for differentiation of high grade and low grade tumors has been showed to be useful in many studies in the literature. Aim. In this study, we aimed to determine the comparative contribution of DWI in differentiation of the clear cell RCC from the major non-clear cell RCC subtypes at standard high b-value (1000 s/mm2) versus low b-value (500 s/mm2). In addition, we also aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of DWI for differentiating high grade clear cell RCC from low grade clear cell RCC based on Fuhrman grades in our patients. Material and methods. 62 cases with a prediagnosis of RCC according to MRI findings including DWI sequence with histological verification and subtyping of renal cortical tumor following a total or partial nephrectomy were included in the study. Results. Among 62 cases, 46 were male and 16 were female, with mean age of 59.5 ± 15.7. Pathological diagnoses of 62 cases were as follows, clear cell RCC, (44) papillary cell RCC (14) and chromophobe cell RCC (4). They were divided into two groups as clear cell RCC group (44 cases) and non-clear cell RCC group (18 cases). There was no statistically significant difference between the mean ADC values of clear cell and non-clear cell groups at b-value of 1000 s/mm2 (p>0.05). However, the mean ADC level for clear cell RCC group at b-value of 500 s/mm2 were significantly higher than for non-clear cell RCC group (p<0.05). When a value of 0.99x10-3 mm2/s was set as cut-off for ADC at b-factor of 500 s/mm2, differentiation was achieved with a high sensitivity (91%) and specificity (56%). Regarding the diagnostic performance of DWI for differentiating high from low Fuhrman grades clear cell RCCs, there was no statistically significant difference between the ADC values of Grade I-II clear cell RCC cases and Grade III-IV clear cell RCC cases at b-factor of 1000 s/mm2 (p>0.05). However, ADC values for grade III-IV group was statistically significantly lower than ADC values for Grade I-II group at b-factor of 500 s/mm2 level. Conclusion. ADC measurements at moderate b-value of 500 s/mm2 were more sensitive in subtyping and grading of RCC cases. This technique can be used in clinical practice as a fast and additional sequence in abdominal MRI.

Neuroimaging of pediatric infratentorial tumors and the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in determining tumor grade

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512093321
Author(s):  
Kirthi Sathyakumar ◽  
Sunithi Mani ◽  
Gayatri Harshe Pathak ◽  
Krishna Prabhu ◽  
Ari George Chacko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Diffusion Restriction ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Infratentorial Tumors

Background Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) provides information about the cellular density of tumors. This feature is useful in grading and identifying different tumor types. Purpose To assess the value of diffusion restriction and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in differentiating pediatric infratentorial tumors. Material and Methods This was a retrospective review of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 82 children (age range 1–16 years) with infratentorial tumors. Histopathological grading after surgical excision/biopsy was categorized as low grade (WHO grades I and II) (n = 31; 29 pilocytic astrocytomas, 2 ependymomas) and high grade (WHO grade III and IV) (n = 51; 40 medulloblastomas, 8 anaplastic ependymomas, 1 anaplastic astrocytoma, 2 atypical rhabdoid teratoid tumors [ATRT]). MRI features and ADC values were compared among tumor types and grades using a two-tailed t test, Mann–Whitney U test for continuous data and Chi-square test for categorical variables. Results Diffusion restriction and low ADC value was a feature of high-grade tumors ( P<0.001). The mean ADC values of the low-grade and high-grade tumors were 1.567 × 10−3mm2/s and 0.661 × 10−3mm2/s, respectively. Using 0.9 × 10−3mm2/s as the cut-off value, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for differentiating the grades was 87%, 100%, 100%, and 81.8%, respectively. Significant differences were found between the mean ADC values of the individual tumor types ( P<0.05), except between medulloblastoma and ATRT. Conclusion ADC values and visual assessment of diffusion restriction are useful in tumor grading. The individual tumor types can be identified by an algorithmic approach, using DWI in conjunction with other described MRI features.

scholarly journals Role of Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Orbital Masses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Mundhada ◽  
Sudarshan Rawat ◽  
Ullas Acharya ◽  
Dhananjay Raje
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orbital Masses ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Orbital Lesions

Abstract Aim To determine the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in differentiating benign and malignant orbital masses. Materials and Methods After obtaining institutional ethical board approval and informed consent from all patients, an observational study was done for a period of 24 months in the radiology department of a tertiary care hospital in South India. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging and DWI using a 3T scanner was done for all patients with suspected orbital mass lesion. ADC value and clinicohistopathological correlation were studied for every patient. Chi-square test was used to compare the signal characteristics of DWI and ADC maps between benign and malignant lesions. A comparison of mean ADC values for benign and malignant masses was performed using Student’s t-test for independent samples. The cut-off value for ADC was obtained using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Of 44 patients with orbital lesions, 70% were benign and 30% were malignant. There was a significant difference in the mean ADC values of benign and malignant orbital masses. Using ROC curve analysis, an optimal ADC threshold of 1.26 × 10−3 mm2/s was calculated for the prediction of malignancy with 100% sensitivity, 80.65% specificity, and 86.36% accuracy (95% confidence interval: 0.872, 1.00, p < 0.0001). Two ADC thresholds were used to characterize the orbital masses with more than 90% confidence. Conclusion Quantitative assessment of ADC is a useful noninvasive diagnostic tool for differentiating benign and malignant orbital masses. Malignant orbital lesions demonstrate significantly lower ADC values as compared with benign lesions.

scholarly journals Importance of a Follow-Up Ultrasound Protocol in Monitoring Posttraumatic Spleen Complications in Children Treated with a Non-Operative Management

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 734
Author(s):  
Ivona Djordjevic ◽  
Dragoljub Zivanovic ◽  
Ivana Budic ◽  
Ana Kostic ◽  
Danijela Djeric
Keyword(s):  
Splenic Abscess ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Injury Grade ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Non Operative Management ◽  
Grade Iii

Background and objectives: For the last three decades, non-operative management (NOM) has been the standard in the treatment of clinically stable patients with blunt spleen injury, with a success rate of up to 95%. However, there are no prospective issues in the literature dealing with the incidence and type of splenic complications after NOM. Materials and methods: This study analyzed 76 pediatric patients, up to the age of 18, with blunt splenic injury who were treated non-operatively. All patients were included in a posttraumatic follow-up protocol with ultrasound examinations 4 and 12 weeks after injury. Results: The mean age of the children was 9.58 ± 3.97 years (range 1.98 to 17.75 years), with no statistically significant difference between the genders. The severity of the injury was determined according to the American Association for Surgery of Trauma (AAST) classification: 7 patients had grade I injuries (89.21%), 21 patients had grade II injuries (27.63%), 33 patients had grade III injuries (43.42%), and 15 patients had grade IV injuries (19.73%). The majority of the injuries were so-called high-energy ones, which were recorded in 45 patients (59.21%). According to a previously created posttraumatic follow-up protocol, complications were detected in 16 patients (21.05%). Hematomas had the highest incidence and were detected in 11 patients (14.47%), while pseudocysts were detected in 3 (3.94%), and a splenic abscess and pseudoaneurysm were detected in 1 patient (1.31%), respectively. The complications were in a direct correlation with injury grade: seven occurred in patients with grade IV injuries (9.21%), five occurred in children with grade III injuries (6.57%), three occurred in patients with grade II injuries (3.94%), and one occurred in a patient with a grade I injury (1.31%). Conclusion: Based on the severity of the spleen injury, it is difficult to predict the further course of developing complications, but complications are more common in high-grade injuries. The implementation of a follow-up ultrasound protocol is mandatory in all patients with NOM of spleen injuries for the early detection of potentially dangerous and fatal complications.

Clinical impact of ultra-high b-value (3000 s/mm2) diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in prostate cancer at 3T: comparison with b-value of 2000 s/mm2

2021 ◽  
pp. 20210465
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Tamada ◽  
Ayumu Kido ◽  
Yu Ueda ◽  
Mitsuru Takeuchi ◽  
Takeshi Fukunaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
B Value ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
High B Value ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Noise Ratio

Objective: High b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (hDWI) with a b-value of 2000 s/mm2 provides insufficient image contrast between benign and malignant tissues and an overlap of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) between Gleason grades (GG) in prostate cancer (PC). We compared image quality, PC detectability, and discrimination ability for PC aggressiveness between ultra-high b-value DWI (uhDWI) of 3000 s/mm2 and hDWI. Methods: The subjects were 49 patients with PC who underwent 3T multiparametric MRI. Single-shot echo-planar DWI was acquired with b-values of 0, 2000, and 3000 s/mm2. Anatomical distortion of prostate (AD), signal intensity of benign prostate (PSI), and lesion conspicuity score (LCS) were assessed using a 4-point scale; and signal-to-noise ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio, and mean ADC (×10–3 mm2/s) of lesion (lADC) and surrounding benign region (bADC) were measured. Results: PSI was significantly lower in uhDWI than in hDWI (p < 0.001). AD, LCS, signal-to-noise ratio, and contrast-to-noise ratio were comparable between uhDWI and hDWI (all p > 0.05). In contrast, lADC was significantly lower than bADC in both uhDWI and hDWI (both p < 0.001). In comparison of lADC between tumors of ≤GG2 and those of ≥GG3, both uhDWI and hDWI showed significant difference (p = 0.007 and p = 0.021, respectively). AUC for separating tumors of ≤GG2 from those of ≥GG3 was 0.731 in hDWI and 0.699 in uhDWI (p = 0.161). Conclusion: uhDWI suppressed background signal better than hDWI, but did not contribute to increased diagnostic performance in PC. Advances in knowledge: Compared with hDWI, uhDWI could not contribute to increased diagnostic performance in PC.

Should All Cases of High-Grade Serous Ovarian, Tubal, and Primary Peritoneal Carcinomas Be Reclassified as Tubo-Ovarian Serous Carcinoma?

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1201-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Louise Moss ◽  
Tim Evans ◽  
Philippa Pearmain ◽  
Sarah Askew ◽  
Kavita Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Serous Carcinoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Type I ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Ovarian Serous Carcinoma ◽  
Significant Difference

IntroductionThe dualistic theory of ovarian carcinogenesis proposes that epithelial “ovarian” cancer is not one entity with several histological subtypes but a collection of different diseases arising from cells of different origin, some of which may not originate in the ovarian surface epithelium.MethodsAll cases referred to the Pan-Birmingham Gynaecological Cancer Centre with an ovarian, tubal, or primary peritoneal cancer between April 2006 and April 2012 were identified from the West Midlands Cancer Registry. Tumors were classified into type I (low-grade endometrioid, clear cell, mucinous, and low-grade serous) and type II (high-grade serous, high-grade endometrioid, carcinosarcoma, and undifferentiated) cancers.ResultsOvarian (83.5%), tubal (4.3%), or primary peritoneal carcinoma (12.2%) were diagnosed in a total of 583 woman. The ovarian tumors were type I in 134 cases (27.5%), type II in 325 cases (66.7%), and contained elements of both type I and type II tumors in 28 cases (5.7%). Most tubal and primary peritoneal cases, however, were type II tumors: 24 (96.0%) and 64 (90.1%), respectively. Only 16 (5.8%) of the ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas were stage I at diagnosis, whereas 240 (86.6%) were stage III+. Overall survival varied between the subtypes when matched for stage. Stage III low-grade serous and high-grade serous carcinomas had a significantly better survival compared to clear cell and mucinous cases,P= 0.0134. There was no significant difference in overall survival between the high-grade serous ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal carcinomas when matched for stage (stage III,P= 0.3758; stage IV,P= 0.4820).ConclusionsType II tumors are more common than type I and account for most tubal and peritoneal cancers. High-grade serous carcinomas, whether classified as ovarian/tubal/peritoneal, seem to behave as one disease entity with no significant difference in survival outcomes, therefore supporting the proposition of a separate classification of “tubo-ovarian serous carcinoma”.

Diagnostic performance of optical coherence tomography angiography in glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (11) ◽  
pp. 1677-1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana I M Miguel ◽  
André B Silva ◽  
Luis F Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

BackgroundCompared with current imaging methods, the diagnostic performance and the advantages and limitations of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) remain unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating vessel density (VD) in patients with glaucoma using OCTA.MethodsWe conducted a literature search on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ISI Conference Proceedings and Google Scholar, along with a manual search, from January 2006 to March 2018. We included prospective studies that used OCTA to compare the VD in glaucomatous eyes with healthy control eyes.ResultsOf 3045 screened articles, 24 were included in a broad characterisation and 18 in the meta-analysis. We observed a statistically significant reduction in the mean peripapillary VD (MPVD) in glaucoma (MPVD: 57.53%, 95% CI 52.60 to 62.46, p< 0.001) compared with controls (MPVD: 65.47%, 95% CI 59.82 to 71.11; standardised mean difference [SMD], –1.41, 95% CI –1.62 to –1.20, p< 0.001) for 888 glaucomatous and 475 healthy eyes, and also in the mean-whole optic nerve image VD (SMD, –9.63, 95% CI –10.22 to –9.03, p<0.001), mean inside-disc VD (SMD, − 9.51, 95% CI –12.66 to –6.36, p<0.05) and mean parafoveal VD (SMD, –3.92, 95% CI –4.73 to –3.12, p<0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed a significant difference in the MPVD across glaucoma subtypes and OCTA devices.ConclusionThis suggests the diagnostic utility of OCTA in detecting glaucomatous eyes; however, further longitudinal prospective studies are welcomed to characterise vascular changes in glaucoma.

scholarly journals Efficiency of High and Standard b Value Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Grading of Gliomas

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mansour Al-Agha ◽  
Khaled Abushab ◽  
Khetam Quffa ◽  
Samy Al-Agha ◽  
Yasser Alajerami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
B Value ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Adc Values

Background. Glioma is the most common fatal malignant tumor of the CNS. Early detection of glioma grades based on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) properties is considered one of the most recent noninvasive promising tools in the assessment of glioma grade and could be helpful in monitoring patient prognosis and response to therapy. Aim. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of DWI at both standard and high b values (b = 1000 s/mm2 and b = 3000 s/mm2) to distinguish high-grade glioma (HGG) from low-grade glioma (LGG) in clinical practice based on histopathological results. Materials and Methods. Twenty-three patients with glioma had DWI at l.5 T MR using two different b values (b = 1000 s/mm2 and b = 3000 s/mm2) at Al-Shifa Medical Complex after obtaining ethical and administrative approvals, and data were collected from March 2019 to March 2020. Minimum, maximum, and mean of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured through drawing region of interest (ROI) on a solid part at ADC maps. Data were analyzed by using the MedCalc analysis program, version 19.0.4, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was done, and optimal cutoff values for grading gliomas were determined. Sensitivity and specificity were also calculated. Results. The obtained results showed the ADCmean, ADCratio, ADCmax, and ADCmin were performed to differentiate between LGG and HGG at both standard and high b values. Moreover, ADC values were inversely proportional to glioma grade, and these differences are more obvious at high b value. Minimum ADC values using standard b value were 1.13 ± 0.17 × 10−3 mm2/s, 0.89 ± 0.85 × 10−3 mm2/s, and 0.82 ± 0.17 × 10−3 mm2/s for grades II, III, and IV, respectively. Concerning high b value, ADCmin values were 0.76 ± 0.07 × 10−3 mm2/s, 0.61 ± 0.01 × 10−3 mm2/s, and 0.48 ± 0.07 × 10−3 mm2/s for grades II, III, and IV, respectively. ADC values were inversely correlated with results of glioma grades, and the correlation was stronger at ADC3000 (r = −0.722, P≤0.001). The ADC3000 achieved the highest diagnostic accuracy with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.618, 100% sensitivity, 85.7% specificity, and 85.7% accuracy for glioma grading at a cutoff point of ≤0.618 × 10−3 mm2/s. The high b value showed stronger agreement with histopathology compared with standard b value results (k = 0.89 and 0.79), respectively. Conclusion. The ADC values decrease with an increase in tumor cellularity. Meanwhile, high b value provides better tissue contrast by reflecting more tissue diffusivity. Therefore, ADC-derived parameters at high b value are more useful in the grading of glioma than those obtained at standard b value. They might be a better surrogate imaging sequence in the preoperative evaluation of gliomas.

scholarly journals The Correlation between Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Histopathological Evaluation of 356 Prostate Biopsy Sites in Patients with Prostatic Diseases

ISRN Urology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kilinç ◽  
O. G. Doluoglu ◽  
B. Sakman ◽  
D. S. Ciliz ◽  
E. Yüksel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Prostate Biopsies ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Prostatic Diseases

Purpose. The aim of this study is to investigate the reliability of diffusion MRI for detection of cancer foci by comparing diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) results and pathology results of prostate biopsy sites. Methods. Of the patients who applied with lower urinary tract symptoms, 36 patients who had suspected DRE and/or PSA ≥2.5 ng/mL were included in the study. Patients underwent DWI prior to 10 cores-prostate biopsy. 356 biopsy cores were obtained from the patients. Foci from the patients with prostate cancer were labeled as malignant or benign foci, likewise foci from the patients with benign pathology were grouped as BPH and inflammation foci. Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) of biopsy groups were compared with each other in order to measure the reliability of DWI in detection of PCa foci. Results. When ADC values of adenocarcinoma foci and BPH foci were compared, a statistically significant difference was found (P<0.001). When ADC values obtained from adenocarcinoma foci and chronic inflammation foci are compared, the difference between two groups is statistically significant, too (P<0.001). Conclusions. Biopsies focused on suspected regions after formation of ADC maps by means of DWI would provide to start definitive treatment immediately as well as being beneficial to prevent morbidity related to repeated prostate biopsies.

scholarly journals Clinicohistopathological study of astrocytomas along with Ki-67 proliferative index

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basumitra Das ◽  
Kurimella Vamsya Raj ◽  
Bhagyalakshmi Atla
Keyword(s):  
Histological Grade ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Proliferative Index ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Biologic Marker ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Grade Iii

Background: Astrocytomas form the largest group of gliomas (>75%) and diffusely infiltrating    accounting for more than 60% of all the primary brain tumors. The ki67 proliferative index is a potent biologic marker that estimates the growth of neoplasms quantitatively and thus will aid in identifying the prognosis for patients with neoplasms.  The aim of the research work was to study various histopathological and clinical features of Astrocytomas in detail, to evaluate Ki-67 proliferative index in patients of Astrocytomas and to compare the results of Immunohistochemistry with histological grade of Astrocytomas.Methods: A   total   number   of    40 cases of   Astrocytomas were included in the study.  Ki-67 immunostaining was done on all cases and compared with WHO histological grading of astrocytomas.Results: The mean Ki‑67 LI in Grade I astrocytomas was 4.66, range 4-5 ,  in Grade II astrocytomas mean was 8.07, range 5-12 ,in Grade III astrocytomas mean was 13.5 , range 8-20,  in Grade IV astrocytomas mean was 22.93, range 15-50. There was a highly significant correlation between the histopathological grade of astrocytomas and Ki-67 LI (p<0.05).Conclusions: The monoclonal antibody Ki-67 has proven its prognostic and diagnostic power in astrocytic tumors. Ki-67 LI is the simplest and the most reliable method for evaluating cell proliferation. Ki-67 LI increased with histological grade and the difference between low grade (I and II astrocytomas) and high grade (grade III and IV) is significant. In the present study Ki-67 LI is not dependent on factors like age and sex and is solely dependent on histological grade.

scholarly journals Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Ultrasound Features of Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma and Ovarian High-Grade Serous Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Lin-Xue Qian ◽  
Xue-Jing wei
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Serous Carcinoma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ultrasound Features

Abstract Purpose To investigate clinical and ultrasound features for differentiating ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) from ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). Methods Forty-five patients with OCCC and 72 patients with HGSC were retrospectively studied. Patient clinical characteristics and ultrasound features of tumors were evaluated. The differences, including laterality, menopausal status, Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage between OCCC and HGSC patients were compared by Fisher’s exact test. The ultrasound features of tumors, including laterality, shape, configuration, color score, peritoneal implantation, and ascites, were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Results The average age at diagnosis in the OCCC group was 57.6±11.1 (range, 30–76) years, and 35.56% of patients were premenopausal. However, the average age at diagnosis was 63.4±12.2 (range, 42-81) years and 33.33% of patients were premenopausal in the HGSC group. There was a statistically significant difference in unilaterality (P< 0.001), clear boundaries (P<0.05), round or oval shape (P <0.05), and color score (P<0.05). Compared to HGSC patients, fewer OCCC patients had peritoneal implantation and ascites. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean size of papillary projections in OCCC and HGSC (P<0.05). The mean size of the papillary projections was significantly larger in OCCC than in HGSC. Conclusions OCCC commonly appeared as a large, round or oval mass with a clear boundary; the papillary projections of OCCC are larger and round. In contrast, HGSC was typically a large, irregular tumor with solid masses or mixed cystic-solid masses with small papillary projections.

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