Heavy metal removal from stormwater runoff by sorption

2019 ◽  
pp. 207-217
Author(s):  
Hulya Genr-Fuhrman ◽  
Peter S. Mikkelsen ◽  
Anna Ledin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heavy Metal Cations ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Coated Sand ◽  
Granulated Activated Carbon

In this study, several sorbents (i.e. alumina, activated bauxsol coated sand (ABCS), bark,bauxsol coated sand (BCS), fly ash (FA), granulated activated carbon (GAC), iron oxidecoated sand (IOCS), natural zeolite (NZ), sand, and spine!) are investigated with the longterm goal of developing a feasible technology for heavy metal removal during secondarytreatment of storm water. The sorbents are tested in batch tests for their As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni andZn removal efficiency from synthetic stormwater samples, where all of these metals coexisted at a starting pH of 6.5. It is found that each sorbent has different affinity to the heavymetals, with heavy metal cations (i.e. Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn) removed more effectively thanheavy metal anions (i.e. As and Cr) by all sorbents except IOCS, which has a high affinitytowards As. The results further indicated that alumina and BCS outperform the other sorbents,possibly due to high surface area of alumina and the favourable sorption sites of BCS;whereas NZ, sand and bark were the least efficient. On the other hand, although FAeffectively retained Cd, Ni and Zn, the leaching of As, Cr, and Cu is a concern.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium and Divalent Lead Ions on the Nitrogen-Enriched Chitosan-Based Activated Carbon

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1907
Author(s):  
Fatma Hussain Emamy ◽  
Ali Bumajdad ◽  
Jerzy P. Lukaszewicz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Optimizing the physicochemical properties of the chitosan-based activated carbon (Ch-ACs) can greatly enhance its performance toward heavy metal removal from contaminated water. Herein, Ch was converted into a high surface area (1556 m2/g) and porous (0.69 cm3/g) ACs with large content of nitrogen (~16 wt%) using K2CO3 activator and urea as nitrogen-enrichment agents. The prepared Ch-ACs were tested for the removal of Cr(VI) and Pb(II) at different pH, initial metal ions concentration, time, activated carbon dosage, and temperature. For Cr(VI), the best removal was at pH = 2, while for Pb(II) the best pH for its removal was in the range of 4–6. At 25 °C, the Temkin model gives the best fit for the adsorption of Cr(VI), while the Langmuir model was found to be better for Pb(II) ions. The kinetics of adsorption of both heavy metal ions were found to be well-fitted by a pseudo-second-order model. The findings show that the efficiency and the green properties (availability, recyclability, and cost effectiveness) of the developed adsorbent made it a good candidate for wastewaters treatment. As preliminary work, the prepared sorbent was also tested regarding the removal of heavy metals and other contaminations from real wastewater and the obtained results were found to be promising.

scholarly journals The Roles of Nanomaterials in Conventional and Emerging Technologies for Heavy Metal Removal: A State-of-the-Art Review

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesan Naidu Subramaniam ◽  
Pei Sean Goh ◽  
Woei Jye Lau ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Wet Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Living Organisms

Heavy metal (HM) pollution in waterways is a serious threat towards global water security, as high dosages of HM poisoning can significantly harm all living organisms. Researchers have developed promising methods to isolate, separate, or reduce these HMs from water bodies to overcome this. This includes techniques, such as adsorption, photocatalysis, and membrane removal. Nanomaterials play an integral role in all of these remediation techniques. Nanomaterials of different shapes have been atomically designed via various synthesis techniques, such as hydrothermal, wet chemical synthesis, and so on to develop unique nanomaterials with exceptional properties, including high surface area and porosity, modified surface charge, increment in active sites, enhanced photocatalytic efficiency, and improved HM removal selectivity. In this work, a comprehensive review on the role that nanomaterials play in removing HM from waterways. The unique characteristics of the nanomaterials, synthesis technique, and removal principles are presented. A detailed visualisation of HM removal performances and the mechanisms behind this improvement is also detailed. Finally, the future directions for the development of nanomaterials are highlighted.

scholarly journals Synthesis of self-assembled hierarchical AlPO-34 microspheres by using an ionic liquid and its application in heavy metal removal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Zhou ◽  
Hongjian Li ◽  
Runlin Han
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Channel Network ◽  
Structure Directing Agent ◽  
Heavy Metal Cations ◽  
Post Treatment Process

Hierarchical AlPO-34 molecular sieves microspheres were synthesized in a [BMIm]Br ionic liquid without template or complex post-treatment process. The formation mechanism of such framework structures and their morphology were investigated. [BMIm]Br was proven to serve as both solvent and sole provider of the structure directing agent. The organic amine in the compound affects the framework density of the crystals and promotes the formation of a chabazite (CHA) type framework. After ageing for 1 h the AlPO-34 microspheres are formed due to the aggregation properties of the ionic liquid. The hierarchical mirosphere has a relatively high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area and a considerably uniform mesoporous channel network. The hierarchical AlPO-34 microspheres were used as absorbers of heavy metal cations and showed a higher loading capacity and distribution coefficient compared with the AlPO-34-NH.

Photocatalytic Treatment of Environmental Pollutants using Multilevel- Structure TiO2-based Organic and Inorganic Nanocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-178
Author(s):  
Jiabai Cai ◽  
Shunxing Li
Keyword(s):  
Organic Semiconductor ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

Nanostructured materials often exhibit unique physical properties, such as fast carrier transport, subwavelength optical waveguiding, and a high surface-area-to-volume ratio. When the size of a material is reduced to nanoscale dimensions, its physical and chemical properties can change dramatically. In addition, nanostructures offer exciting new opportunities for environmental applications. In this review, we aim to provide an up-to-date summary of recent research related to multifunctional TiO2-based inorganic and organic semiconductor nanomaterials, covering both their synthesis and applications. After a brief introduction of the definition and classification of TiO2-based inorganic and organic semiconductor nanomaterial structures, we discuss various application strategies, such as sewage treatment, heavy metal removal, and the oxidation of alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes. In our previous work, we fabricated a variety of TiO2-based hollow spheres using a diverse range of materials from inorganic semiconductors to organic semiconductors and applied these structures as photocatalysts. Further, the development of these nanostructures may enable numerous applications in the field of environmental technology.

Chelating Resin versus Ion-Exchange Resin for Heavy Metal Removal in Toxicity Fractionation

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N. Mazidji ◽  
B. Koopman ◽  
G. Bitton
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Chelating Resin ◽  
Heavy Metal Cations ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

A chelating resin (Chelex 50-100) and ion-exchange resin (Dowex 50W-X8) were evaluated for removal of heavy metals in toxicity fractionation. Microtox and β-galactosidase activity were employed as toxicity endpoints. The resins were packed into 4 raL glass Pasteur pipettes for use. Chelating resin provided complete removal of toxicity due to polyvalent heavy metal cations (Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn). Ion-exchange resin was ineffective in removing mercury toxicity. Neither resin provided complete removal of Ag+ toxicity. Toxicity of organic compounds was, at most, partially removed. Performance of the ion-exchange and chelating resins was insensitive to hardness and pH. Based on these results, chelating resin is recommended for heavy metal removal as part of a toxicity fractionation procedure.

Heavy Metal Removal Using Bound Macrocycles

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Izatt ◽  
R. L. Bruening ◽  
M. B. Borup
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Heavy Metal Cations ◽  
Gel Beads ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Alkaline Earth Cations

Aza macrocycles bound to silica gel beads were found to selectively remove heavy metal cations such as Pb2+, Cd2+, Ag+, and Hg2+ from aqueous solutions. These bound macrocycles have a virtually infinite selectivity of binding with heavy metals over alkali and alkaline earth cations. The material is very stable and can be reused hundreds of times. Columns may be regenerated using an acidic eluent solution. Equilibrium constants were determined by column tests. Removal of heavy metals was demonstrated in bench scale tests using a synthetic contaminated water and in pilot scale tests using a naturally contaminated river water. Heavy metal concentrations could be effectively reduced to the µg/L level using the process.

scholarly journals Enhanced removal of cadmium from wastewater with coupled biochar and Bacillus subtilis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ding ◽  
Weiguang Chen ◽  
Zilan Zhang ◽  
Fan Qin ◽  
Jing Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Composite System ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Cd Removal ◽  
Adsorption Stage

Abstract Shortcomings of individual biochar or microbial technologies often exist in heavy metal removal from wastewater and may be circumvented by coupled use of biochar and microorganisms. In this study, Bacillus subtilis and each of three biochars of different origins (corn stalk, peanut shell, and pine wood) were coupled forming composite systems to treat a cadmium (Cd, 50 mg/L) wastewater formulated with CdCl2 in batch tests. Biochar in composite system enhanced the activity and Cd adsorption of B. subtilis. Compared with single systems with Cd removal up to 33%, the composite system with corn stalk biochar showed up to 62% Cd removal, which was greater than the sum of respective single B. subtilis and biochar systems. Further analysis showed that the removal of Cd by the corn stalk composite system could be considered to consist of three successive stages, that is, the biochar-dominant adsorption stage, the B. subtilis-dominant adsorption stage, and the final biofilm formation stage. The final stage may have provided the composite system with the ability to achieve prolonged steady removal of Cd. The biochar-microorganism composite system shows a promising application for heavy metal wastewater treatment.

Heavy metal removal in waste stabilisation ponds and high rate ponds

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Toumi ◽  
A. Nejmeddine ◽  
B. El Hamouri
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Waste Stabilisation Ponds ◽  
In Series ◽  
The City

Heavy metals, zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) removal in two wastewater treatment units were compared. One of the systems consisted of a train of Waste Stabilisation Ponds (WSP) including one anaerobic, three facultative in series and two maturation ponds, also in series. The other system, called High Rate Ponds (HRP) consisted of one anaerobic, one High Rate Algal Pond (HRAP) and two maturation ponds in series. The two treatment systems were located on the same site and received the same wastewater. Data collected from the two treatment systems, for a period of three consecutive months (May, June and July, 1995) show that the content of the three elements in the crude wastewater of the city of Ouarzazate varied from 210 to 340 mg/l for Zn; 35 to 55 for Cu and 30 to 25 for Pb. The removal rate for the three elements reached 91, 92 and 71% respectively for Zn, Cu and Pb in the WSP train. The corresponding values in the HRP train were, respectively 89, 88 and 51%. However, since the two trainswere not receiving the same flow, the use of specific removal rate expressed as mg removed m-2 d-1 showed that the HRAP was 1.3, 10 and 2 times more efficient respectively for Zn, Cu and Pb removal than the three facultative ponds in series of the WSP. Also, the collected data showed that the content of the sediment of the anaerobic pond was high for all the three elements. However, the recorded concentrations 613, 99 and 78 mg/kg, respectively for Zn, Cu and Pb did not exceed the EEC recommended limits.

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