scholarly journals The balanced model of the sustainable water consumption in a public sector in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 455-461
Author(s):  
Yuliya Vystavna
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Balanced Model

Water quantity and quality are important aspects of water management concerning to thepollution control as economic and environmental safety of any countries, Due to intensiveexploitation and inadequate pollution control Ukraine faces with degradation of natural waterresources. The Kharkiv region is an industrially developed region of Ukraine with highpopulation density and water resources scarcity, The disproportion in economical and waterresource potentials of the region and significant anthropogenic loadings on the water sourceslead to depletion and pollution of ones, and, as a consequence, to the water deficiency,Dwelling sector and office buildings are one of the most powerful water consumers onurbanized territories, Every day the big Ukrainian city, like Kharkiv, consumes no less than200 million of cub,m water per year and 80 % of that for households water supplying, Thepowerful water consumption leads to the degradation of water resource, especially, in the bigcities with water scarcity,The aim of the work is to find a new optimal level of water resource consumption forhouseholds and office buildings on urbanized territory to base on environmental, economicand social aspects of water use, An environmental engineering modelling, risk assessment andeconomic methods of analysis have been used for the research work,The balanced model of quality of water environment and public water demand weredeveloped by real data, The regression parameters were determined for such indicators ofwater quality as suspended solids, mineralization, ammonium, nitrites, chlorides,Using the model it is possible to analyze environmental impacts of municipal waterconsumption and find the optimal level of public water supply,Also the environmental, economic and social criteria of water saving were developed,

scholarly journals Double decoupling effectiveness of water consumption and wastewater discharge in China’s textile industry based on water footprint theory

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Li ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Resource Consumption ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Textile Manufacture ◽  
Pillar Industry

As a traditional pillar industry in China, the textile industry has been intensifying the pressure of the water resource load and its reduction of water environment emissions over the years. Decoupling water resource consumption and wastewater discharge require decoupling from economic growth to realise the sustainable development of the textile industry. On the basis of water footprint and decoupling theories, this paper analysed the water consumption decoupling, wastewater discharge decoupling, as well as the double decoupling of water consumption and wastewater discharge of China’s textile industry and its three sub-industries (Manufacture of Textile, Manufacture of Textile Wearing and Apparel, Manufacture of Chemistry) from 2001 to 2015. In those years, the sum of the decoupling index in the double-decoupling years is 249, lower than that in high-decoupling years of water consumption (250) and wastewater discharge (325). Compared with the decoupling of water consumption and of wastewater discharge, the double decoupling is lower, which proves that the conditions for realizing double decoupling are stricter. The double decoupling analysis of water consumption and wastewater discharge, namely, the overall consideration of water resource consumption and water environment pollution, could be used to more effectively promote the realisation of water decoupling in the textile industry.

The importance of operating rules and assessments of beneficial use in water resource allocation policy and management

Water Policy ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 731-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Hughes ◽  
S. J. L. Mallory
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Allocation Policy ◽  
Beneficial Use ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Operating Rules ◽  
Hypothetical Data ◽  
The Future

The future management of water resources must take into account the levels of beneficial use that apply to various water use sectors. Competition for water during periods of low natural availability (droughts) suggests that users may not have access to their full supply requirement all of the time. This is particularly true of regions such as South Africa where natural water availability is highly variable and possibly will be even more so in the future. Socioeconomic evaluations of water allocation strategies should therefore account for the impacts of periodic restrictions (or shortfalls) in supply across different water use sectors. This paper presents an approach to designing water allocation operating rules that can account for restrictions and their impacts on individual water users, as well as on the community as a whole. The approach is illustrated using hypothetical data, as real data are not generally available. The paper maintains that it is important for socioeconomic evaluation methods to account for the possible effects of supply restrictions as well as the relative benefits of the normal supply volume. If they do not, they will not provide the information required by water resource engineers to design and operate water allocation systems.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Fee-to-Tax Reform on Water Resources in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Rui Chen ◽  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Xu Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Cost Difference ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Cost

The Resource Tax Law was officially implemented on September 1, 2020, in China. This law presents the “Fee-to-Tax” reform of water resources. This article compares the effects of the “Fee-to-Tax” reform under asymmetric duopoly conditions with perfect information. The mechanisms of the two policies are different when all firms simultaneously respond to water resources: the water resource fee affects output by reducing market size, while the water resource tax reduces output by amplifying the weighted cost difference effects between companies. Water resource taxes work better than fees for eliminating backward production capacity. A comparison of the situation when companies respond sequentially is also carried out. When a low-cost firm is in the leading position, the collection of fees actually reduces the output difference, whereas the tax improves it. When a high-cost firm acts as a leader, the effects depend on the cost difference. When the cost difference between firms is small, the first-move advantage of high-cost firms dominates the cost advantages of low-cost firms. Therefore, a higher tax rate yields a smaller output difference. When cost differences are relatively larger, the cost advantage of low-cost firms dominates the first-move advantage of high-cost firms. As the operational cost for reducing water consumption increases, the reduced water consumption first increases and then decreases.

scholarly journals Implementation of Energy Management Concept and Energy Management System in High Rise Office Building

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Marsul Siregar ◽  
Firma Purbantoro ◽  
Tajuddin Nur
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Management System ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Consumption Index ◽  
Management Concept

Energy Management Concept as part of Green Building Concept is focused to Improve Energy Efficiency Index (EEI) and Water Consumption Index (WCI). The Implementation Energy Management Concept in an office buildings of this study based on the management system model of continual improvement ISO 50001:2011. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the implementation of green building principles in Office Buildings. This study took the case study in an office building in Jakarta Indonesia that has two towers, each tower has 32 floors and 3 basement floors. The method used is descriptive with respect to GREENSHIP Rating Tools for existing building which consists of six categories; Appropriate Site Development (ASD), Energy Efficiency & Conservation (EEC), Water Conservation (WAC), Material Resources & Cycle (MRC), Indoor Air Health & Comfort (IHC) and Building & Environments Management (BEM). The results show that implementation the Energy Management Concept could also made energy performance more efficient, after Implementing through Retrofitting of the Chiller System, Recycle Waste Water, Replacement of Conventional lamp to Energy Saving LED and also Training and Education to all employees and tenants. From comparing data research before implementation of Energy Management Concept in 2014 and after Implementation and retrofitting in 2016, 2017 & 2018, it is found that Energy Efficiency Index (EEI) from 238.8 kwh/m2/Years to 134,04kwh/m2/Year and Water Consumption Index (WCI)From 50 liter/person/Day to 27.18 Liter/person/Day. And the saving cost from electricity bill payments is IDR. 466,803,325.67 / month (18%) and roughly will Break Event Point (BEP) for 3.86 Years

scholarly journals Investigation of Environmental Degradation on Joint Properties of Polymer Adhesive Joints in Salt Water Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirish Kerur ◽  
Shivakumar S
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Adhesive Joints ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Double Shear ◽  
Joint Properties ◽  
Polymer Adhesive ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced

The objective of research work is to establish the influence of environmental factors such as moisture and temperature on the shear properties of metal and polymer joints. The specimens of metal and polymer joints were prepared with aluminium plate and glass fibre reinforced plastics. Here three types of resins were used for joining the metal and polymer composites viz. epoxy vinyl ester and polyester. The joint specimens were exposed to 80 C temperature and relative humidity of 90% for 25 days in environmental chamber. The single and double shear strength of the joints for ascast and hygrothermal exposed specimens are investigated. The results showed that the strength of hydrothermal specimens decreased about 25%, 18% and 33% for epoxy, vinyl ester and polymer adhesive joints respectively. The result also shows that vinyl ester joints exhibit lower water absorption and property degradation of the joints.

scholarly journals Water Performance Benchmarks for New Zealand: Understanding Water Consumption in Commercial Office Buildings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lee Ellen Bint
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Water Efficiency ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Performance Benchmarks ◽  
Tariff Structures

<p>There is an increasing amount of literature outlining the issues underlying water shortages and restrictions to come in most regions of New Zealand. The problem is not helped by rising demands and climatic changes, as well as both a lack of measured data, and a lack of any demand-side incentives. No attempt has been made to assess how the users of commercial buildings are consuming potable water. There are no benchmarks for water performance in buildings, hindering attempts to improve water efficiency.  This study investigated the water use in 93 Auckland and Wellington commercial office buildings. The data collected from both survey level water audits (on-site investigations, historic billing analysis) and full water audits (water monitoring), were used to develop market-based water performance benchmarks, and a Water Efficiency Rating Tool (WERT). This was done to understand water consumption in these buildings, and to determine the feasibility of using performance based data for the development of a water benchmarking system.  The principal results were in the form of both a benchmarking index system, and the WERT. The benchmarking study found that Net Lettable Area (NLA) was the most statistically and pragmatically appropriate driver for water use. lt also found that, due to the distinct difference in tariff structures and incentives between Auckland and Wellington, different benchmarks for the two regions (Auckland 'Typical' use 0.76m³ / m² / year, and Wellington 'Typical' use 1.03m³ / m² / year) were required.  The WERT calculates a building Water Use Index (WUI- m³ / m² / year) , estimates its end-use disaggregation, and provides recommendations through outlining the financial viability of implementing specific water efficiency measures. This tool utilised six design criteria to ensure target market usability: accuracy (demonstrated at ±8. 5%) ; relevance and realism; practicality; promotion of understanding and action; objectivity; and effective communication.  Further recommendations included satisfying some of the many knowledge gaps present in the New Zealand water industry concerning office building water use. These included: introducing a national legislative or standard document providing guidelines on demand-side management of water; investigation into changing tariff structures to include a volumetric charge for all building types to increase individual awareness and education of water use; research into the durability of water meters; and expanding the research to include other New Zealand regions.</p>

scholarly journals Hot News Recommendation System from Heterogeneous Websites Based on Bayesian Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyou Xia ◽  
Shengwu Xu ◽  
Ningzhong Liu ◽  
Zhengkang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Model ◽  
Recommendation System ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Joint Probability ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Online News ◽  
City Government ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
News Websites ◽  
News Recommendation

The most current news recommendations are suitable for news which comes from a single news website, not for news from different heterogeneous news websites. Previous researches about news recommender systems based on different strategies have been proposed to provide news personalization services for online news readers. However, little research work has been reported on utilizing hundreds of heterogeneous news websites to provide top hot news services for group customers (e.g., government staffs). In this paper, we propose a hot news recommendation model based on Bayesian model, which is from hundreds of different news websites. In the model, we determine whether the news is hot news by calculating the joint probability of the news. We evaluate and compare our proposed recommendation model with the results of human experts on the real data sets. Experimental results demonstrate the reliability and effectiveness of our method. We also implement this model in hot news recommendation system of Hangzhou city government in year 2013, which achieves very good results.

scholarly journals Water Resource Utilization and Livelihood Adaptations under the Background of Climate Change: A Case Study of Rural Households in the Koshi River Basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan ◽  
Song ◽  
Su ◽  
Peng ◽  
Khatiwada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
College Education ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Water Resource Utilization ◽  
Floods And Droughts

In the Koshi River Basin, the effects of climate change have become clear. Agricultural countries, such as Nepal, depend on farmers’ adaptations to climate change for local sustainable development. Limited livelihood options, unequal access to resources and information, and climate change-related floods and droughts have reduced farmer welfare. Few studies have investigated the effects of altitude in rural areas or examined livelihood adaptation strategies in Nepal. Using a survey of farmers in rural areas at high, middle, and low altitudes in Nepal, this article explores the impacts of climate change-related floods and droughts, as well as the water resource utilization, disaster resilience, and livelihood improvement ability of farmers and the influencing factors. This article adopted participatory rural appraisal to obtain survey data from farmers at three altitudes. Through one-way ANOVA and F-tests, farmers’ perceptions of floods and droughts were analyzed, and through field investigations, their production and water consumption patterns were established. Logistic regressions show that college education, farming income, and domestic water consumption have the strongest impacts on households’ disaster resilience, while non-farm income, male laborer rates, and college education have the strongest impacts on households’ abilities to improve livelihoods. Based on our results, we offer countermeasures and suggestions on education, gender equality, and rural infrastructure construction.

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