Influence of Interimplant Distances and Placement Depth on Papilla Formation and Crestal Resorption: A Clinical and Radiographic Study in Dogs

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur B. Novaes ◽  
Raquel R. M. Barros ◽  
Valdir A. Muglia ◽  
Germana J. Borges
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Radiographic Study ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bone Preservation ◽  
Papilla Formation ◽  
Clinical Measurements ◽  
Placement Depth

Abstract Among the factors that contribute to the papilla formation and crestal bone preservation between contiguous implants, this animal study clinically and radiographically evaluated the interimplant distances (IDs) of 2 and 3 mm and the placement depths of Morse cone connection implants restored with platform switch. Bilateral mandibular premolars of 6 dogs were extracted, and after 12 weeks, the implants were placed. Four experimental groups were constituted: subcrestally with ID of 2 mm (2 SCL) and 3 mm (3 SCL) and crestally with ID of 2 mm (2 CL) and 3 mm (3 CL). Metallic crowns were immediately installed with a distance of 3 mm between the contact point and the bone crest. Eight weeks later, clinical measurements were performed to evaluate papilla formation, and radiographic images were taken to analyze the crestal bone remodeling. The subcrestal groups achieved better levels of papillae formation when compared with the crestal groups, with a significant difference between the 3 SCL and 3 CL groups (P = .026). Radiographically, the crestal bone preservation was also better in the subcrestal groups, with statistically significant differences between the 2SCL and 2CL groups (P = .002) and between the 3SCL and 3CL groups (P = .008). With the present conditions, it could be concluded that subcrestal implant placement had a positive impact on papilla formation and crestal bone preservation, which could favor the esthetic of anterior regions. However, the IDs of 2 and 3 mm did not show significantly different results.

scholarly journals Influence of Interimplant Distance on Papilla Formation and Bone Resorption: A Clinical-radiographic Study in Dogs

10.1563/793.1 ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 218-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael R. de Oliveira ◽  
Arthur B. Novaes ◽  
Vula Papalexiou ◽  
Valdir A. Muglia ◽  
Mário Taba
Keyword(s):  
Contact Point ◽  
Radiographic Study ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Clinical Measurement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Crestal Bone Loss ◽  
Papilla Formation ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Implant esthetics has been the focus of attention for the past decade, and one vital issue is the effect of interimplant distance on interimplant papilla formation and crestal bone loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 1, 2, and 3 mm of interimplant distance on papilla formation and crestal resorption in submerged and nonsubmerged Ankylos implants after prosthetic restoration. Bilateral mandibular premolars of 7 dogs were extracted, and after 12 weeks each dog received 8 implants. Implants were placed so that 3 interimplant distances were created at 1 mm (group 1), 2 mm (group 2), and 3 mm (group 3). The sides and the position of the groups were randomly selected. Twelve weeks after placement, the implants received metallic prostheses that allowed 5 mm of space between the prosthetic contact point (CP) and the crestal bone (CB). After 8 weeks, the distance between the CP and the papilla (CP-P) and the gingival height at the distal proximal aspect of the prosthesis (CP-DE) was clinically measured. Radiographic images were obtained to measure the distance of the CP to the CB within the interimplant surfaces (CP-IP) and adjacent to the edentulous surfaces (CP-ED). The clinical measurement of CP-P for submerged and nonsubmerged implants was 3.57 ± 1.17 mm and 3.10 ± 0.82 mm for group 1, 3.57 ± 0.78 mm and 3.16 ± 0.87 mm for group 2, and 3.35 ± 0.55 mm and 3.07 ± 0.93 mm for group 3. The CP-DE was 3.25 ± 0.77 mm for submerged and 2.78 ± 0.64 mm for nonsubmerged implants. The CP-IP for the submerged and nonsubmerged implants was 6.91 ± 0.95 mm and 7.68 ± 2.73 mm for group 1, 7.46 ± 1.43 mm and 5.87 ± 1.71 mm for group 2, and 7.72 ± 0.81 mm and 7.59 ± 1.33 mm for group 3. The CP-ED was 6.77 ± 1.33 mm for submerged implants and 6.03 ± 1.58 mm for nonsubmerged implants. There were no statistical significant differences for any of the measured parameters. We conclude that when the distance from the CP to the CB was 5 mm, interimplant distances of 1 to 3 mm did not affect papilla formation or crestal resorption of submerged or nonsubmerged implants in the dog model.

scholarly journals A 4 Year Human, Randomized, Radiographic Study of Scalloped versus Non-Scalloped Cemented Implants

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2190
Author(s):  
Bruna Sinjari ◽  
Gianmaria D’Addazio ◽  
Manlio Santilli ◽  
Barbara D’Avanzo ◽  
Imena Rexhepi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiographic Study ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Ceramic Crowns ◽  
Cemented Implants ◽  
And Control

Marginal bone loss (MBL) is a key factor in long-term implant success rate. Among the different factors that influence MBL, it is the different implant shoulder designs, such as scalloped or non-scalloped, which have been widely studied on screw retained but not on cemented retained implants. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the MBL around scalloped and non-scalloped cemented retained dental implants after 4 years of loading, in humans. A total of 15 patients were enrolled in the present study. A radiographic and clinical examination was performed after implant placement (T0) and after 4 years from it (T1). The results demonstrated a differential MBL (T1-T0) of 2.436 ± 1.103 mm and 1.923 ± 1.021 mm, respectively for test (scalloped) and control (non-scalloped) groups with a statistically significant difference between them. On the other hand, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of prosthetic complication and abutment decementation, whilst ceramic crowns chipping was shown in both groups. In conclusion, the use of a scalloped platform did not provide better results on the maintenance of MBL after 4 years follow-up. In this study, this probably was determined by multiple factors, among which was the subcrestal insertion of scalloped implants.

Accuracy of high-resolution ultrasound (US) for gingival soft tissue thickness mesurement in edentulous patients prior to implant placement

2020 ◽  
pp. 20200309
Author(s):  
Gül Sönmez ◽  
Kıvanç Kamburoğlu ◽  
Ayşe Gülşahı
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Gingival Thickness ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Edentulous Patients ◽  
Clinical Measurements

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the accuracy of high-resolution ultrasound (US) with two different cone beam CT (CBCT) units and clinical assessment for measuring gingival soft tissue thickness in edentulous patients prior to implant placement. Methods and materials: The study consisted of 40 maxillary implant sites of 40 healthy patients (20 females, 20 males; mean age, 47.88 years). We prospectively evaluated labial/buccal gingival thickness in 40 implant regions (16 anterior and 24 posterior) by using limited field of view (FOV) CBCT images and US images in comparison to gold standard transgingival probing measurements. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare mean measurements obtained from CBCT (Morita and Planmeca), US, and transgingival probing. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) estimates were calculated based on means with two-way mixed and absolute-agreement model. Bland Altman plot was used to describe agreement between clinical vs US and CBCT measurements by constructing limits of agreement. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: There was no significant difference between methods used according to mean gingival thickness measurements obtained from the top (p = 0.519) and bottom (p = 0.346) of the alveolar process. US and CBCT measurements highly correlated with clinical measurements for both top and bottom alveolar process gingival thickness (p < 0.001). Distribution of differences between clinical measurements and both CBCT measurements showed statistically significant differences according to 0 (p < 0.05). Distribution of differences between clinical measurements and US measurements did not show statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusion: High-resolution US provided accurate information for the measurement of gingival soft tissue thickness in edentulous patients prior to implant placement.

Is perioperative antibiotic necessary in straightforward implant placement procedures?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elçin Bedeloğlu ◽  
Mustafa Yalçın ◽  
Cenker Zeki Koyuncuoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Implant Failure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this non-random retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the impact of prophylactic antibiotic on early outcomes including postoperative pain, swelling, bleeding and cyanosis in patients undergoing dental implant placement before prosthetic loading. Seventy-five patients (45 males, 30 females) whose dental implant placement were completed, included to the study. Patients used prophylactic antibiotics were defined as the experimental group and those who did not, were defined as the control group. The experimental group received 2 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 1 h preoperatively and 1 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid twice a day for 5 days postoperatively while the control group had received no prophylactic antibiotic therapy perioperatively. Data on pain, swelling, bleeding, cyanosis, flap dehiscence, suppuration and implant failure were analyzed on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12. No statistically significant difference was detected between the two groups with regard to pain and swelling on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12 ( p &gt;0.05), while the severity of pain and swelling were greater on day 2 compared to day 7 and 14 and week 12 in both groups ( p =0.001 and p &lt;0.05, respectively). Similarly, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to postoperative bleeding and cyanosis. Although flap dehiscence was more severe on day 7 in the experimental group, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to the percentage of flap dehiscence assessed at other time points. Within limitations of the study, it has been demonstrated that antibiotic use has no effect on implant failure rates in dental implant surgery with a limited number of implants. We conclude that perioperative antibiotic use may not be required in straightforward implant placement procedures. Further randomized control clinical studies with higher numbers of patients and implants are needed to substantiate our findings.

The performance of Islamic banking among the commercial banks in Malaysia

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Samsuwatd Zuha Mohd Abbas ◽  
Norli Ali ◽  
Aminah Mohd Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Accounting Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

This paper examines the accounting performance of the Islamic banking among (??) commercial banks in Malaysia. A total of 18 commercial banks which include 4 Islamic banks are selected as samples covering the period of 2000 - 2006. Accounting performance is measured by the return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). The objective of the study is (1) to determine whether Islamic banking performance is at par with the conventional banking and (2) to investigate whether the type (Islamic or conventional bank) and age of bank influence the performance. Result of the independence t-test of the study shows that there is no significant difference in the performance of the Islamic and the conventional banking in Malaysia although the mean score for conventional banking is higher. The regression results show that the age of banks has a positive impact on the bank performance where as none of the types of banks influence performance.

Introduction of intraoperative neuromonitoring does not necessarily improve overall long-term outcome in elective aneurysm clipping

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 1188-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Greve ◽  
Veit M. Stoecklein ◽  
Franziska Dorn ◽  
Sophia Laskowski ◽  
Niklas Thon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Intraoperative Neuromonitoring ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVEIntraoperative neuromonitoring (IOM), particularly of somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEPs) and motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), evolved as standard of care in a variety of neurosurgical procedures. Case series report a positive impact of IOM for elective microsurgical clipping of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (ECUIA), whereas systematic evaluation of its predictive value is lacking. Therefore, the authors analyzed the neurological outcome of patients undergoing ECUIA before and after IOM introduction to this procedure.METHODSThe dates of inclusion in the study were 2007–2014. In this period, ECUIA procedures before (n = 136, NIOM-group; 2007–2010) and after introduction of IOM (n = 138, IOM-group; 2011–2014) were included. The cutoff value for SSEP/MEP abnormality was chosen as an amplitude reduction ≥ 50%. SSEP/MEP changes were correlated with neurological outcome. IOM-undetectable deficits (bulbar, vision, ataxia) were not included in risk stratification.RESULTSThere was no significant difference in sex distribution, follow-up period, subarachnoid hemorrhage risk factors, aneurysm diameter, complexity, and location. Age was higher in the IOM-group (57 vs 54 years, p = 0.012). In the IOM group, there were 18 new postoperative deficits (13.0%, 5.8% permanent), 9 hemisyndromes, 2 comas, 4 bulbar symptoms, and 3 visual deficits. In the NIOM group there were 18 new deficits (13.2%; 7.3% permanent, including 7 hemisyndromes). The groups did not significantly differ in the number or nature of postoperative deficits, nor in their recovery rate. In the IOM group, SSEPs and MEPs were available in 99% of cases. Significant changes were noted in 18 cases, 4 of which exhibited postoperative hemisyndrome, and 1 suffered from prolonged comatose state (5 true-positive cases). Twelve patients showed no new detectable deficits (false positives), however 2 of these cases showed asymptomatic infarction. Five patients with new hemisyndrome and 1 comatose patient did not show significant SSEP/MEP alterations (false negatives). Overall sensitivity of SSEP/MEP monitoring was 45.5%, specificity 89.8%, positive predictive value 27.8%, and negative predictive value 95.0%.CONCLUSIONSThe assumed positive impact of introducing SSEP/MEP monitoring on overall neurological outcome in ECUIA did not reach significance. This study suggests that from a medicolegal point of view, IOM is not stringently required in all neurovascular procedures. However, future studies should carefully address high-risk patients with complex procedures who might benefit more clearly from IOM than others.

scholarly journals Simultaneous implant placement with autogenous onlay bone grafts: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Ma ◽  
Chaoan Wu ◽  
Miaoting Shao
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Implant Survival ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Delayed Implant Placement ◽  
Onlay Grafts

AbstractSeveral authors have suggested that implants can be placed simultaneously with onlay bone grafts without affecting outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to answer the following clinical questions: (1) What are the outcomes of implants placed simultaneously with autogenous onlay bone grafts? And (2) is there a difference in outcomes between simultaneous vs delayed placement of implants with autogenous onlay bone grafts? Databases of PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched up to 15 November 2020. Data on implant survival was extracted from all the included studies (single arm and comparative) to calculate point estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and pooled using the DerSimonian–Laird meta-analysis model. We also compared implant survival rates between the simultaneous and delayed placement of implants with data from comparative studies. Nineteen studies were included. Five of them compared simultaneous and delayed placement of implants. Dividing the studies based on follow-up duration, the pooled survival of implant placed simultaneously with onlay grafts after <2.5 years of follow-up was 93.1% (95% CI 82.6 to 97.4%) and after 2.5–5 years was 86% (95% CI 78.6 to 91.1%). Implant survival was found to be 85.8% (95% CI 79.6 to 90.3%) with iliac crest grafts and 95.7% (95% CI 83.9 to 93.0%) with intra-oral grafts. Our results indicated no statistically significant difference in implant survival between simultaneous and delayed placement (OR 0.43, 95% 0.07, 2.49, I2=59.04%). Data on implant success and bone loss were limited. Data indicates that implants placed simultaneously with autogenous onlay grafts have a survival rate of 93.1% and 86% after a follow-up of <2.5 years and 2.5–5years respectively. A limited number of studies indicate no significant difference in implant survival between the simultaneous and delayed placement of implants with onlay bone grafts. There is a need for randomized controlled trials comparing simultaneous and delayed implant placement to provide robust evidence.

scholarly journals Volumetric changes in edentulous alveolar ridge sites utilizing guided bone regeneration and a custom titanium ridge augmentation matrix (CTRAM): a case series study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig E. Hofferber ◽  
J. Cameron Beck ◽  
Peter C. Liacouras ◽  
Jeffrey R. Wessel ◽  
Thu P. Getka
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Bone Allograft ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Ridge Augmentation ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Clinical Measurements ◽  
Bone Gain

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the volumetric changes in partially edentulous alveolar ridges augmented with customized titanium ridge augmentation matrices (CTRAM), freeze-dried bone allograft, and a resorbable collagen membrane. Methods A pre-surgical cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was obtained for CTRAM design/fabrication and to evaluate pre-surgical ridge dimensions. Ridge augmentation surgery using CTRAM, freeze-dried bone allograft, and a resorbable collagen membrane was performed at each deficient site. Clinical measurements of the area of augmentation were made at the time of CTRAM placement and re-entry, and a 2nd CBCT scan 7 months after graft placement was used for volumetric analysis. Locations of each CTRAM in situ were also compared to their planned positions. Re-entry surgery and implant placement was performed 8 months after CTRAM placement. Results Nine subjects were treated with CTRAM and freeze-dried bone allograft. Four out of the nine patients enrolled (44.4%) experienced premature CTRAM exposure during healing, and in two of these cases, CTRAM were removed early. Early exposure did not result in total graft failure in any case. Mean volumetric bone gain was 85.5 ± 30.9% of planned augmentation volume (61.3 ± 33.6% in subjects with premature CTRAM exposure vs. 104.9% for subjects without premature exposure, p = 0.03). Mean horizontal augmentation (measured clinically) was 3.02 mm, and vertical augmentation 2.86 mm. Mean surgical positional deviation of CTRAM from the planned location was 1.09 mm. Conclusion The use of CTRAM in conjunction with bone graft and a collagen membrane resulted in vertical and horizontal bone gain suitable for implant placement.

scholarly journals Clinical, Radiographic, and Histomorphometric Evaluation of a Vertical Ridge Augmentation Procedure Using a Titanium-Reinforced Microporous Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Emrane: A Prospective Case Series with 1-Year Follow-Up

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3828
Author(s):  
Jung-Gu Ji ◽  
Jung-A Yu ◽  
Seong-Ho Choi ◽  
Dong-Woon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Ridge Augmentation ◽  
Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Staged Approach ◽  
Height Change ◽  
Prospective Case Series ◽  
Augmentation Procedure

Vertical ridge augmentation for long-term implant stability is difficult in severely resorbed areas. We examined the clinical, radiological, and histological outcomes of guided-bone regeneration using novel titanium-reinforced microporous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (MP-ePTFE) membranes. Eighteen patients who underwent implant placement using a staged approach were enrolled (period: 2018–2019). Vertical ridge augmentation was performed in areas with vertical bone defects ≥ 4 mm. Twenty-six implant fixtures were placed in 14 patients. At implant placement six fixtures had relatively low stability. On cone-beam computed tomography, the average vertical changes were 4.2 ± 1.9 (buccal), 5.9 ± 2.7 (central), and 4.4 ± 2.8 mm (lingual) at six months after vertical ridge augmentation. Histomorphometric analyses revealed that the average proportions of new bone, residual bone substitute material, and soft tissue were 34.91 ± 11.61%, 7.16 ± 2.74%, and 57.93 ± 11.09%, respectively. Stable marginal bone levels were observed at 1-year post-loading. The residual bone graft material area was significantly lower in the exposed group (p = 0.003). There was no significant difference in the vertical height change in the buccal side between immediately after the augmentation procedure and the implant placement reentry time (p = 0.371). However, all implants functioned well regardless of the exposure during the observation period. Thus, vertical ridge augmentation around implants using titanium-reinforced MP-ePTFE membranes can be successful.

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