Optimizing Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel Formation by Varying Time and Gravitational Forces During Centrifugation

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris H. Jo ◽  
Young Hak Roh ◽  
Ji Eun Kim ◽  
Sue Shin ◽  
Kang Sup Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Layer ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Platelet Recovery ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Plain Tube ◽  
Centrifugation Step ◽  
Gel Preparation ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Prp Gel

Despite the increasing clinical use of topical platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to enhance tissue healing and regeneration, there is no properly standardized method of autologous PRP gel preparation. This study examined the effect of the centrifugation time and gravitational force (g) on the platelet recovery ratio of PRP and determined the most effective centrifugation conditions for preparing PRP. Two-step centrifugations for preparing PRP were used in 39 subjects who had consented prior to the study's start. The separating centrifugation (Step 1, used to separate whole blood into its two main components: red blood cells and plasma) was tested from 500g to 1900g at 200g increments for 5 minutes (min), and from 100g to 1300g at 200g increments for 10 minutes. After separating centrifugation, upper plasma layer was transferred to another plain tube for the condensation centrifugation and remaining lower cell layer was discarded. The condensation centrifugation (Step 2, used to condense the platelets in the separated plasma) was tested at 1000g for 15 min, 1500g for 15 min, 2000g for 5 min and 3000g for 5 min, additionally at 1000g for 10 min and 1500g for 10 min. Platelet gelation was induced by adding 10% calcium gluconate to final PRP with volume ratio of 1:10. The optimal separating centrifugation conditions were followed by 900g for 5 minutes and the condensation conditions were followed by 1500g for 15 minutes, of which recovery ratios were 92.0 ± 3.1% and 84.3 ± 10.0%, respectively.

scholarly journals Relevant Aspects of Centrifugation Step in the Preparation of Platelet-Rich Plasma

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda G. M. Perez ◽  
José Fábio S. D. Lana ◽  
Ana Amélia Rodrigues ◽  
Angela Cristina M. Luzo ◽  
William D. Belangero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Centrifugal Acceleration ◽  
Platelet Recovery ◽  
Acceleration Time ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Platelet Concentration ◽  
Centrifugation Step

Introduction. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) is rich in growth factors, playing important role in tissue healing. The wide variation of reported protocols for preparation of PRP leads to variable compositions, which induce different biological responses and prevent results comparison. This study aims to highlight relevant aspects of the centrifugation step to obtain reproducible results and overall quality. Material and Methods. Samples of blood were collected from 20 healthy donors that have signed free informed consent. Two centrifugation steps (spins) were analyzed for the influence of centrifugal acceleration, time, processed volume, and platelet gradient. The Pure Platelet-Rich Plasma (P-PRP) was characterized as platelet concentration, integrity, and viability (sP-selectin measurement). Results. Lower centrifugal accelerations favour platelet separation. The processing of 3.5 mL of blood at 100 ×g for 10 min (1st spin), 400 ×g for 10 min (2nd spin), withdrawing 2/3 of remnant plasma, promoted high platelet recovery (70–80%) and concentration (5x) maintaining platelet integrity and viability. The recovery of platelets was reduced for a larger WB volume (8.5 mL) processed. Conclusion. Centrifugal acceleration, time, WB processed volume, and minimization of the platelet gradient before sampling are relevant aspects to ensure reproducible compositions within the autologous nature of PRP.

scholarly journals Platelet-Rich Plasma Obtained with Different Anticoagulants and Their Effect on Platelet Numbers and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Behavior In Vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo José Farias Corrêa do Amaral ◽  
Nemias Pereira da Silva ◽  
Natália Ferreira Haddad ◽  
Luana Siqueira Lopes ◽  
Fábio Dias Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Platelet Recovery ◽  
Musculoskeletal Tissue ◽  
Mtt Method ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
Centrifugation Step ◽  
Citrate Dextrose

There are promising results in the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for musculoskeletal tissue repair. However, the variability in the methodology for its obtaining may cause different and opposing findings in the literature. Particularly, the choice of the anticoagulant is the first definition to be made. In this work, blood was collected with sodium citrate (SC), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), or anticoagulant citrate dextrose (ACD) solution A, as anticoagulants, prior to PRP obtaining. Hematological analysis and growth factors release quantification were performed, and the effects on mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) culture, such as cytotoxicity and cell proliferation (evaluated by MTT method) and gene expression, were evaluated. The use of EDTA resulted in higher platelet yield in whole blood; however, it induced an increase in the mean platelet volume (MPV) following the blood centrifugation steps for PRP obtaining. The use of SC and ACD resulted in higher induction of MSC proliferation. On the other hand, PRP obtained in SC presented the higher platelet recovery after the blood first centrifugation step and a minimal change in MSC gene expression. Therefore, we suggest the use of SC as the anticoagulant for PRP obtaining.

scholarly journals Obtention of injectable platelets rich-fibrin (i-PRF) and its polymerization with bone graft: technical note

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 421-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Fernando de Almeida Barros Mourão ◽  
Helder Valiense ◽  
Elias Rodrigues Melo ◽  
Natália Belmock Mascarenhas Freitas Mourão ◽  
Mônica Diuana-Calasans Maia
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Platelet Concentrates ◽  
Soft Tissue Healing ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Autologous Platelet ◽  
Injectable Form

The use of autologous platelet concentrates, represent a promising and innovator tools in the medicine and dentistry today. The goal is to accelerate hard and soft tissue healing. Among them, the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is the main alternative for use in liquid form (injectable). These injectable form ofplatelet concentrates are often used in regenerative procedures and demonstrate good results. The aim of this study is to present an alternative to these platelet concentrates using the platelet-rich fibrin in liquid form (injectable) and its use with particulated bone graft materials in the polymerized form.

scholarly journals Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Amniotic Membrane in Patients with Rotator Cuff Repair

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
Heri Suroto ◽  
Ameria Pribadi ◽  
Dwikora Novembri Utomo ◽  
Ferdiansyah Mahyudin ◽  
Lukas Widhiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Rotator Cuff Repair ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Soft Tissue Healing ◽  
Disability Score ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Cuff Repair

Rotator cuff disorders are the most common source of shoulder problems, ranging from mild strain to massive tears. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous blood with platelets concentration above baseline values represents a source of multiple growth factors that promotes tissue repair. This review examines the potential of using PRP to augment rotator cuff repair. Reporting 4 patients with impingement syndrome and supraspinatus tear who underwent decompression acromioplasty and supraspinatus repair augmented with platelet-rich plasma and amniotic membrane. An evaluation was made 3-24 months postoperative using Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Average preoperative pain score is 64%, disability score 54.58%, and total score 58.19%. Average postoperative pain score is 0%, disability score 0.42%, and total score 0.26% (Minimum Detectable Change at 90% confidence for pain score is 18%, disability score 13%, and total score 11%). This result is consequent with research by Luoay Fallouh, stating that improvement is caused by growth factor effects in platelet-rich plasma which promotes soft tissue healing. It can be concluded that platelet-rich plasma and amniotic membrane have promising effects to enhance soft tissue healing in patients with rotator cuff syndrome. Shoulder function is restored with no limitation on daily activity and pain is no longer present.

scholarly journals A split-mouth clinico-radiographic comparative study for evaluation of crestal bone and peri-implant soft tissues in immediately loaded implants with and without platelet-rich plasma bioactivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Vande Aaditee Vishnu ◽  
Pronob Kumar Sanyal ◽  
Shivsagar Tewary ◽  
Kumar Nilesh ◽  
Roy Malvika Suresh Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Single Piece ◽  
Edentulous Patients ◽  
The Right

Background. This study evaluated the viability of platelet-rich plasma for enhancement of osseous and associated soft tissue healing around single-piece implants, subjected to immediate loading and to compare it with a control site not treated with PRP. Methods. Twenty completely edentulous patients were selected and 2 one-piece implants with O-ball head were placed for mandibular overdenture. The implant on the right side was treated with PRP whereas the left side implant served as a control. All the cases were immediately loaded and marginal bone loss, probing depth, percussion, implant mobility and peri-implantitis were assessed and compared at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Results. Overall analysis of the results showed less marginal bone loss, probing depth, percussion, implant mobility and periimplantitis around implants treated with PRP; however, the results were insignificant statistically. Conclusion. PRP can be used as a viable treatment adjunct in immediately loaded one-piece implants.

scholarly journals Platelet Decrease and Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Return for Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Apheresis

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
Takahiro Shima ◽  
Teppei Sakoda ◽  
Tomoko Henzan ◽  
Yuya Kunisaki ◽  
Takahiro Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Stem Cell ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Blood Stem Cell ◽  
Platelet Recovery ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Cd34 Cells

Peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation is a key treatment option for hematological diseases and widely performed in clinical practice. Platelet loss is the major complication of PBSC apheresis, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) return is recommended in case of severe platelet decrease following apheresis; however, little is known about the frequency and severity of platelet loss nor the efficacy of PRP return post-apheresis. To address these questions, we assessed changes in platelet counts following PBSC-related apheresis in 270 allogeneic (allo)- and 105 autologous (auto)-PBSC settings. We also evaluated efficacy of PRP transfusion on platelet recovery post-apheresis. Platelet counts reduced up to 70% post-apheresis in both allo- and auto-PBSC settings, while severe platelet count decrease (< 50 x 109/L) was only observed in auto-PBSC patients (Figure 1). We next analyzed the relationship between severe platelet (< 50 x 109/L) after apheresis and several clinical factors by using univariate and multivariate analysis for auto-PBSC patients. As shown in Table 1, in univariate analysis, severe platelet counts following auto-PBSC apheresis was found more frequently in patients with lower platelet count, lower percentage of CD34+ cells in PB at pre-apheresis, repeated round of apheresis, and smaller number of collected CD34+ cells. On the other hand, in multivariate analysis, the white blood cell (WBC) counts pre-apheresis was the only significant risk factor of severe platelet count following apheresis (p = 0.038). We finally analyzed the transitions of platelet counts in the setting of apheresis. The median platelet counts at pre-apheresis, post-apheresis, and post-PRP return were 187.0 x 109/L, 132.0 x 109/L, and 154.0 x 109/L for allo-PBSC apheresis, and 147.0 x 109/L, 111.0 x 109/L, and 127.0 x 109/L for auto-PBSC apheresis (p < 0.0001 for all, allo-PBSC donors and auto-PBSC patients, respectively) (Figure 2), indicating that PRP return post-apheresis facilitated a rapid platelet recovery in both allo- and auto-settings. Collectively, our data suggest that WBC counts pre-apheresis is a useful predictor for severe platelet decrease following auto-PBSC apheresis and that PRP return is an effective mean to facilitate platelet recovery post-apheresis. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Evaluation of platelet-rich plasma gel as an angiogenesis-inducing agent in canineadvancement skin flaps

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 474-478
Author(s):  
Grazielle A.S. Aleixo ◽  
Maria C.O.C. Coelho ◽  
Telga L.A. Almeida ◽  
Márcia F. Pereira ◽  
Miriam N. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Skin Flap ◽  
Skin Flaps ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Prp Gel ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACT: This work aimed to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on advancement skin flaps in dogs regarding improvement of vascularization, with focus on increasing its viable area, since there are reports that it is a potential angiogenesis stimulator. The experimental group was composed of eight adult bitches, in which two advancement skin flaps were made in the ventral abdominal region. No product was applied in the control flap (CF), while PRP was used in the contralateral flap, called treated flap (TF). The areas were clinically evaluated every two days until the 7th postoperative day regarding skin color and presence of necrosis. At 10 days, both flaps were removed and submitted to histological examination and blood vessel morphometry. The vessels counted in each group were statistically analyzed by the F-test at 1% probability. Results showed no significant difference in macroscopic changes in the wound, or CF and TF vascularization, thus suggesting that PRP gel did not improve advancement skin flap angiogenesis in bitches under the experimental conditions in which this research was developed.

scholarly journals Effect of platelet-rich plasma on implant bone defects in rabbits through the FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-317
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Ben Chen ◽  
Youyang Zheng ◽  
Yuehua Shi ◽  
Zhuojin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Bone Healing Process

AbstractPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been shown to be a beneficial growth factor for bone tissue healing and is used in implantology. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PRP on bone defects in rabbits. Twenty rabbits were used to establish the implant bone defect model in this study. An intrabony defect (5mm × 5mm × 3mm) was created in alveolar bone in the lower jar of each rabbit. The wound was treated with PRP. The expression of platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGFBB) was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and related phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT (protein kinase B) levels were measured by Western blot. The results show that PRP could significantly improve the bone healing process when compared with control, and 10% PRP could markedly increase fibroblast proliferation 48-h post treatment. PDGFBB was higher in the PRP group than that in the control group. PRP treatment also could elevate the phosphorylation of FAK and PI3K/AKT, although the inhibitor of PDGFR could reverse this trend. These results suggest that PRP treatment improves the bone healing process through the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway.

Effectiveness of autologous platelet-rich plasma gel in the treatment of hard-to-heal leg ulcers: a randomised control trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 658-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domantas Rainys ◽  
Adas Cepas ◽  
Karolina Dambrauskaite ◽  
Irena Nedzelskiene ◽  
Rytis Rimdeika
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Leg Ulcers ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Granulation Tissue Formation ◽  
Wound Contamination ◽  
Wound Size ◽  
Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Prp Gel

Objective: Regenerative medicine products such as autologous platelet-rich plasma (autologous PRP) gel may speed up the process of healing. Clinical studies show promising results in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), however there is lack of scientific evidence of autologous PRP effectiveness in treating leg ulcers of other aetiology. This study evaluates the effectiveness of autologous PRP gel in the treatment of hard-to-heal leg ulcers compared with existing conventional treatment. Method: A prospective, randomised controlled, open-labelled clinical trial was carried out between 2014 and 2018. An eight-week study protocol was chosen or until 100% wound re-epithelialisation was observed. Wound size reduction, granulation tissue formation, microbiological wound bed changes and safety were evaluated. Results: A total of 69 patients (35 in the autologous PRP group and 34 in the control group) were included in the study; 25.71% of the autologous PRP group and 17.64% of control group had ulcers completely re-epithelialised (p>0.05). Wound size reduction in the autologous PRP group was 52.35% and 33.36% in the control group (p=0.003). The autologous PRP group showed superiority over conventional treatment in wound bed coverage with granulation (p=0.001). However, more frequent wound contamination was observed at the end of treatment in the autologous PRP group (p=0.024). No severe adverse events were noted during the study. Both treatment methods were considered equally safe. Conclusion: Topical application of autologous PRP gel in leg ulcers of various aetiology show beneficial results in wound size reduction and induces the granulation tissue formation. However, it is associated with more frequent microbiological wound contamination.

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