scholarly journals Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris expansion in South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ielyzaveta M. Ivanova ◽  
Craig T. Symes
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sturnus Vulgaris ◽  
Anthropogenic Change ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
The Past ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Common ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Using Data

The Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris has progressively expanded its range in South Africa since its introduction into Cape Town in the late 19th century. In the past few decades it has extended this range into Gauteng province. Using data from the Southern African Bird Atlas Project 2, this paper examines the spread and relative abundance changes for the species across South Africa over the past 10 years, with a detailed look at the recently-colonised Gauteng. Across South Africa, the Common Starling's distribution has shifted, and grown. As it spreads north along the coastline and northwards inland, some of the former range has been lost. In Gauteng, the species has shown a range and abundance expansion over the same period. If the observed trends are to continue, this species is likely to eventually become a prominent species across the entire country, and further north into the sub-region. However, the potential impact that this species has on indigenous avifauna is unknown and, in the face of rapid anthropogenic change, remains to be investigated.

scholarly journals Causes of gastrointestinal colic at an equine referral hospital in South Africa (1998 - 2007)

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Voigt ◽  
M.N. Saulez ◽  
C.M. Donnellan ◽  
B. Gummow
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common

The most common causes of gastrointestinal colic at an equine referral hospital in South Africa were determined following retrieval of the medical records of horses admitted during a 10-year study period. The study included 935 horses of which 28 % were admitted after hours. Most horses were Thoroughbreds (54 %), male (57 %), with a mean age of 8.2 years and originated from the Gauteng Province (81 %). Heart rate (98 %), mucous membrane colour (95 %) and auscultation of the abdomen (91 %) were the clinical data commonly obtained at admission. Packed cell volume, total serum protein and white cell count were recorded in 78 %, 75 % and 44 % of horses respectively. Transrectal palpation (93 %), nasogastric intubation (84 %), intravenous catheterisation (74 %) and abdominocentesis (53 %) were the most frequently performed procedures. Medical intervention was performed in 558 horses (60 %). The common causes of medical colic were impactions (39 %), tympany (7 %) and displacement of the large colon (6 %). An exploratory laparotomy was performed in 331 horses (36 %). The common causes of surgical colic were displacement (29 %), impaction (22 %) and small intestinal strangulating lesions (18 %). Death occurred in 3 % of horses, while euthanasia before medical intervention was performed in 4 %. Overall, medical intervention was successful in 93 % of horses and 67 % in horses managed surgically. In conclusion, 55 % of all the equine admissions responded to medical intervention and the recovery rate for horses receiving both medical and surgical intervention was comparable to that reported in other studies.

scholarly journals Intentions to use patient-initiated partner notification and acceptability of provider-initiated partner notification for Sexually Transmitted Infections – A cross-sectional survey among minibus taxi drivers in Gauteng Province, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
mathildah mpata mokgatle ◽  
Sphiwe Madiba
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Partner Notification ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
Taxi Drivers ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Past

Background In South Africa, utilization of patient-initiated partner-notification (PN) using referral-slip in the management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is limited and only a limited number of sexual partners are ever notified. The study assessed the use of patient-initiated PN method using notification and referral slips and measured the level of acceptability of provider-initiated PN using short-message-service (SMS) to personal mobile phones of sexual partners. Methods A quantitative survey using anonymous structured self-administered and researcher assisted questionnaires was conducted among minibus taxi drivers in the nine major taxi ranks in Gauteng province, South Africa. Results The sample consisted of 722 minibus taxi drivers with a mean age of 37.2 years old, 284 (59.5%) had multiple sexual partners, 368 (52.2%) did not use a condom during last sexual act, 286 (42.8%) reported inconsistent use of condoms, and 459 (65%) tested for HIV in the past 12 months. Majority (n=709, 98.2%) understood the importance of PN once diagnosed with STI, but would prefer delivering PN referral slip (n=670, 93.2%) over telling a partner face to face if they themselves were diagnosed with STI. Acceptability of provider-initiated PN using SMS was 452 (62.7%) and associated with history of HIV testing in the past year (OR=1.72, p=0.002, CI: 1.21-2.45). The perceived use of PN referral-slip from sexual partner to seek treatment was 91.8% (n=659). About a third (n=234, 32.5%) were not in favor of provider-initiated PN by SMS and preferred telling partners face to face. Conclusion There were contrasting findings on the acceptability and utilization of existing patient-initiated PN and the proposed PN using SMS from health providers. The preference of delivering PN referral slip to sexual partner over face-to-face PN renders communicating about STIs the responsibility of health providers. Therefore, they have an opportunity to provide patients with options to choose a PN method that is best suited to their relationships and circumstances and modify PN messages to encourage partners to use the different PN to prevent STIs.

scholarly journals Some human actions in the destruction and construction of culture and nature – the Merafong region as a case study

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elize S. Van Eeden
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
Human Actions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Primary Sector ◽  
Local Areas

For at least the past 180 years the Merafong Municipal region in the Gauteng Province of South Africa, (of which the Wonderfontein Catchment forms a part) has strongly relied on the primary sector for its economic existence and development. In the process some human actions, also related to serious water contamination/pollution, have resulted in phases of constructions1 as well as economic and health destructions. Differences over whose environment and whose nature it is spontaneously developed, with sometimes less friendly outcomes. The ‘end result’ up to 2006 is a complicated scenario experience, similar to that of many other regions or local areas, but also very unique and somewhat frightening. The long term focus of this article is to exchange knowledge2 on the region with the objective to contribute towards creating a sustainable nvironment by ensuring closer co-operation between the various economic active cultures operating or functioning in the Merafong municipal region. In this article four aspects are covered.

Motherhood and Maternalism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorelle Semley
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
African Women ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Common ◽  
European Colonialism ◽  
The Impact

The nature of motherhood and maternalism in Africa challenges perceptions and assumptions about women, families, and societies in unexpected ways. Across Africa, motherhood has operated as an institution and ideology that shaped social, economic, and political organization, especially before European colonialism expanded across the continent during the late 19th century. The sociocultural significance of biological motherhood and childrearing remains an important theme in the study of the past and the present as African women form families, sometimes outside of the bonds of marriage. Ideas about biological motherhood have also shifted to address health, disease, and sexuality. African women and men are reimagining motherhood in the face of diverse issues such as infertility, the impact of HIV/AIDS, and an emergent, self-identified LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) community. Similarly, maternalism in Africa extends beyond the common focus on issues such as women’s rights, reproductive health, or children’s education. Maternalist politics in Africa in the 20th and 21st centuries have addressed broader political questions such as state policies, housing, and infrastructure, often with an internationalist vision. Taken together, motherhood and maternalism in Africa not only encompass personal and emotional realms often associated with both terms but also bridge historical and political questions, including ones about belonging and citizenship in an interconnected world.

scholarly journals New Book Chronicle

Antiquity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (361) ◽  
pp. 267-274
Author(s):  
Dan Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Academic Publishing ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Book Sales ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Face ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Selection Of

Back in 2013, Rob Witcher, in his first NBC, mused on the future of academic publishing, and especially the potential impact of open access and e-books on traditional book reviews. Reading these lines five years later as incoming Reviews Editor, it is striking how little an impression e-books in particular have made on the market, and more generally how persistent print editions of both journals (includingAntiquity) and books have remained in the face of rapidly changing digital technologies. Sales of major e-reader brands have declined since their height in 2014, at least in the UK, and e-book sales have stabilised since then at around 25 per cent of all book purchases. AtAntiquity, we still receive upwards of 300 books per year, and send out over 120 to review across the six issues. NBC is an attempt to provide some critical perspective on a selection of the remaining books, many of which merit reviews in their own right but cannot be included for reasons of space. This section will continue in much the same manner as in the past, safe in the knowledge that, as Groucho Marx put it, ‘Outside of a dog, a book is a man's best friend . . .’ (the second half of the quotation is less relevant here but perhaps worth including—‘. . . inside of a dog, it's too dark to read’).

Collective opinion paper on findings of the 2011 convocation of experts on laboratory quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ortwin Adams ◽  
Greg Cooper ◽  
Callum Fraser ◽  
Michael Hubmann ◽  
Graham Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Quality System ◽  
Iso 15189 ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Thread ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
The City

AbstractIn April of 2011, Bio-Rad Laboratories Quality System Division (Irvine, CA, USA) hosted its third annual convocation of experts on laboratory quality in the city of Salzburg, Austria. As in the past 2 years, over 60 experts from across Europe, Israel, USA and South Africa convened to discuss contemporary issues and topics of importance to the clinical laboratory. This year’s conference had EN/ISO 15189 and accreditation as the common thread for most discussions, with topics ranging from how to meet requirements like uncertainty to knowledge gained from those already accredited. The participants were divided into five discussion working groups (WG) with assigned topics. The outcome of these discussions is the subject of this summary.

Strategies and management models for metropolitan wastewater, implementation and evaluation in the East Rand, South Africa

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
A. W. Korf ◽  
J. W. Wilken ◽  
N. J. Nel
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Third World ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Strategic Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
The Past ◽  
Management Models ◽  
First World

South Africa is a country where first world wastewater treatment technology and management must take into account third world related problems. In the past, the diversity of a large number of local authorities within the PWV area of South Africa aggravated the problem of proper wastewater management. On the East Rand in the Gauteng province of South Africa, the problem was attended to by means of a strategic analysis and strategic plan. In the evaluation of the options, the various wastewater management models in use in various regions of the world were evaluated. The investigation resulted in the formation of the ERWAT wastewater management model and implementation. The paper also evaluates the success of the wastewater management model utilizing the tariff model and other qualitative parameters.

scholarly journals Emergence of rabies in the Gauteng Province, South Africa: 2010–2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude T. Sabeta ◽  
Jacqueline Weyer ◽  
Peter Geertsma ◽  
Debra Mohale ◽  
Jacobeth Miyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
Canine Rabies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Sub Saharan

Canine rabies is enzootic throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, including the Republic of South Africa. Historically, in South Africa the coastal provinces of KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape were most affected. Alarmingly, outbreaks of canine rabies have been increasingly reported in the past decade from sites where it has previously been under control. From January 2010 to December 2011, 53 animal rabies cases were confirmed; these were mostly in domestic dogs from southern Johannesburg, which was previously considered to be rabies free. In addition, one case was confirmed in a 26-month old girl who had been scratched by a pet puppy during this period. The introduction of rabies into Gauteng Province was investigated through genetic analysis of rabies positive samples confirmed during the outbreak period. In addition, the nucleotide sequences of incidental cases reported in the province for the past ten years were also included in the analysis. It was found that the recent canine rabies outbreak in the Gauteng Province came from the introduction of the rabies virus from KwaZulu-Natal, with subsequent local spread in the susceptible domestic dog population of southern Johannesburg. The vulnerability of the province was also highlighted through multiple, dead-end introductions in the past ten years. This is the first report of a rabies outbreak in the greater Johannesburg area with evidence of local transmission in the domestic dog population.

scholarly journals Planting Seeds for the Future: Dissenting Judgments and the Bridge from the Past to the Present

Fundamina ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 91-127
Author(s):  
Clive Plasket
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Public Power ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Face ◽  
Court Of Appeal ◽  
Democratic Constitution

The principal focus of this contribution concerns five cases involving questions of public law, namely the meaning of discrimination; the meaning of public power and its control; whether administrative actions may be reviewed for unreasonableness; the rights of prisoners; and the control of emergency powers in the face of an ouster clause. All five cases were decided in the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa, now known as the Supreme Court of Appeal, and all were decided prior to 1994: in 1934, 1958, 1976, 1979 and 1988. In each, a dissenting judgment was delivered that articulated values that we today associate with our present democratic Constitution. Before dealing with those cases in detail, it is necessary to say something about the connection between the pre- and post-1994 law, and then to consider the role of some dissenting judgments in the development of the law.

scholarly journals Director's Duty to Act for a Proper Purpose in the Context of Distribution under the Companies Act 71 of 2008

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Simphiwe Bidie
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Statutory Law ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Common ◽  
Selection Of

This paper seeks to critically analyse the requirements of the duty imposed on directors to act for a proper purpose as provided in section 76(3)(a) of the 2008 Act (Companies Act 71 of 2008) whenever they distribute company money and/or property. This analysis is conducted with the obligations imposed under sections 4 and 46 of the 2008 Act in mind. The purpose is not to question the inclusion of this duty in the 2008 Act. It is simply to question whether the common law interpretation of the duty still suffices in the face of section 76(3) of the 2008 Act, which seems to suggest that a different standard of judgment must be used. The argument that is made here is that the use of common law principles in interpreting proper purpose is well and good when the actions of directors are challenged based on the common law, but, where this duty has been incorporated into statutory law the interpretation of the duty in the context of the wording of the statute should be paramount. In addition, when interpreting any provision of the Act, consideration of the objects of the statute becomes inevitable. The interpretation of the duty cannot, in the face of the changes brought about by the statute, remain stagnant as a result of reliance on common law standards of judgment. The wording of the provision in question and the purpose of the statute cannot and must not be ignored; they must be given effect. A comparative approach will be adopted, using legislation and case law from Australia and Canada. The selection of these particular jurisdictions is based solely on the fact that like South Africa, their legal heritage is based on English common law, and a comparison of the three jurisdictions therefore makes sense.  

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