scholarly journals Variations in some biochemical parameters in a group of patients with primary brain tumours: a review of four studies

Author(s):  
Al-Rawi W ◽  
Hamad A ◽  
Muslih R ◽  
Al-Kenany N ◽  
Hamash M ◽  
...  

Introduction: It has been well established and evidence-based fact that serum levels of proteins, cholesterol, trace elements, andpseudouridines may suffer changes during a neoplastic disease process. This report encompassed four prospective studies, original in Iraq to our knowledge, had explored the serum total proteins (TP), pseudouridines levels, total serum cholesterol (TSC), and serum trace elements (TE), in groups of patients harboring primary brain tumours (PBT) compared to healthy persons. Patients and Methods:Study number 1: A group of 107 patients, from both sexes, aged 2-75 years, harboring PBT were admitted to and operated upon via formal craniotomy by staff neurosurgeons at The Teaching Hospital at Kadhimiyah (TTHK) and Neurosurgical Hospital (NH); their sera were tested for serum total proteins (TP); the latter biochemical parameters were compared with those of 40 healthy persons. Study number II: the same patients and healthy controls were tested for pseudouridine measurement. Study number III: Another group of 30 patients with PBT were studied for TSC levels and were compared with 30 healthy volunteers. Study number IV: A third group of 26 patients with PBT, from both sexes, their sera were tested and measured for TE; the measurements were compared to 1630 volunteers from both sexes and of different age groups. The sera and brain tumor tissue samples were analysed and examined by appropriate methods at relevant laboratories of the TTHK, NH, The Medical Research Centre (MRC) of The College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University and the Iraqi Atomic Energy Committee (IAEC). Results and Discussion: The serum TP and PBT study: Results are shown in table 1. The serum pseudouridines and PBT study: Mean levels of pseudouridine in serum of PBT patients, were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than its levels in the (normal) controls, table 2. The TSC and PBT study: 1. Hesalthy persons from both sexes: age range, in years, 15 – 75, mean 40.5, SD ± 19.8; TSC range 142 – 230 mg / dl, mean 185.6 mg / dl, SD ± 24.9, (3.7 – 5.9 mmol / l, mean 4.8 mmol / l, SD± 0.6), table 3. 2. Thirty persons from both sexes having peripheral tumors, with no clinical evidence of brain tumors: age range, in years, 15 – 75, mean 54.3 ± 12.8; TSC range 90 – 220 mg / dl, 143 ± 36.3 (2.3 – 5.7 mmol / l, mean 3.7 ± 0.9), table 4. 3. Thirty patients from both sexes with primary and secondary brain tumors, age range, in years, 15 - 75, mean 41.3 ± 20.9; TSC range 140 – 284 mg / dl, 217.6 ± 41.2 (3.6 – 7.3 mmol / l, 5.6 ±1.1), table 4. Study number IV: Serum mean values (and S.D.) of all measured TEs were as follow: Se 0.045 +/- 0.011, Zn 0.320 +/- 0.095, Cu 0.607 +/- 0.154, Fe 0.880 +/- 0.456, Mg 13.625 +/- 3.994, Co 0.020 +/- 0.036, Ni 0.016 +/- 0.030, Mn 0.016 +/- 0.009, Cd 0.050 (one sample), and Cr 0.015 +/- 0.005 micrograms per milliliter (mcg / ml). All mean concentrations were consistently lower in the patients than healthy volunteers; both the Student’s (t) and probability (p value) tests were performed; for Se, Zn, Cu, Mg, Co, Ni, Mn, and Cr the p value was <0.01 showing statistically significant results; however, for Fe, though the mean concentration was also lower in the brain tumor group, there was no statistical significance, p > 0.05. Due to technical difficulties and very low concentration of Cd, it was not measured in healthy volunteers; however, it was measured in only one patient’s serum sample; this has been discarded from the study, table 5. Conclusions: Levels of serum TP, TC, and pseudouridine are higher in patients with PBT than in healthy people; however, those of serum TE are lower in the PBT group than healthy persons; the results of this report are in keeping with those of other researchers. The biochemical parameters can be an additional laboratory monitor in the investigation of PBT patients; however, both the specificity and sensitivity need to be ascertained. To our knowledge, this was the first study to be performed in Iraq in the setting of PBT

Author(s):  
Punam Sawarkar ◽  
Vaishali Kuchewar ◽  
Gaurav Sawarkar

Background: Ayurveda strongly recommends the Panchakarma (Purification or detoxification therapies), e.g., Vamana (Therapeutic emesis) & Virechana (Therapeutic purgation) etc., in healthy persons for the prevention of the diseases & maintenance of the health. Vamana & Virechana are preceded by the Arohi Snehapana (Incremental oleation) compromising of intake of specific lipid in a large quantity. As it facilitates the smooth conduction of these procedures & brings bio-toxins in the systemic circulation for their easy elimination through these procedures;therefore it is the mandatory criteria before these procedures. However, there is apprehension about its lipid elevating effect; therefore, there is quite a restriction in its acceptability in the current cholesterol-sensitive era. Ultimately, people hesitate to undergo Shodhana measures & they get deprived of their miraculous results. Aim and Objective: Considering these hurdles, the current study was planned to evaluate and assess the safety effects of Arohi Snehapana over physical, hematological, and biochemical parameters in healthy volunteers. Materials and Methods: This is a single-centric, open-labeled clinical trial in which a total of 50 healthy volunteers (both male & female) were recruited. All volunteers were selected by purposive sample method & were prescribed Incremental oleation with cow ghee before Shodhana therapy for a maximum of 7 days or till achievement of proper oleation features, whichever is earlier. All volunteers were assessed for physical (weight, B.M.I.), hematological & biochemical parameters before & just after the intervention. Result and Observations: In this study, Bodyweight declined significantly by 3-4 kg (1.47%. ) for (P<0.001) within 1-7 days of an intervention despite using a good amount of fat (Go-Ghrita). Blood urea was significantly decreased by 12.63 % (for p-Value <0.001), but this decrease was absolutely within the normal range. Significant reduction in blood urea after invention proves the role of Snehapana to reduce overload over the kidney and perform the protective role. No significant elevation in lipid profile due to this intervention. Conclusion: The current study evaluates the efficacy of Incremental oleation with respect to various proper oleation features and its safety over physical, hematological, and biochemical parameters in healthy volunteers.


1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (06) ◽  
pp. 249-253
Author(s):  
E. Pétursson ◽  
B. Sigurbjörnsson ◽  
D. Davidsson ◽  
O.G. Björnsson

A 3-year follow-up and re-evaluation of all scans on all patients referred for brain scanning in Iceland during 1 year was performed in order to assess the diagnostic reliability of radioisotope scanning for brain tumours. The study included 471 patients. Of these 25 had primary brain tumours and 7 brain metastases. Scans were positive and correctly interpreted in68 % of the patients with primary brain tumours and in 3 of the 7 patients with metastases. The over-all accuracy of brain scanning for brain tumours defined as the total number of correct positive scans and correct negative scans versus total number of scans examined was 96%, this figure being mainly influenced by the high number of true negative scans.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Jiang ◽  
Hongmei Liu ◽  
Dongling Sun ◽  
Haixin Sun ◽  
Xiaojuan Ru ◽  
...  

Abstract Background and purpose Epidemiological data on primary brain tumours (PBTs) are lacking due to the difficulty in case ascertainment among the population. Thus, we aimed to estimate mortality due to PBTs in China nationwide and the detection rate in people with suspected symptoms. Methods A multistage, complex sampling survey regarding mortality due to PBTs in Chinese individuals was carried out by reviewing all causes of death within a year. The detection rates in people with suspected symptoms were estimated based on PBT symptom screening and neurologist reviews and compared between groups by logistic regression analysis. Results Weighted mortality due to PBT was 1.6 (0.8–3.3) per 100,000 population in Chinese individuals, 1.8 (0.7–4.6) per 100,000 population in men, and 1.5 (0.5–4.5) per 100,000 population in women. Among 14,990 people with suspected symptoms, the PBT detection rate was 306.9 (95% CI 224.7–409.3) per 100,000 population in the total population, 233.0 (95% CI 135.7–373.1) per 100,000 population in men, and 376.9 (95% CI 252.4–546.3) per 100,000 population in women. People with an unsteady gait (OR 2.46; 95% CI 1.09–5.51; P=0.029), visual anomalies (3.84; 1.88–7.85; P<0.001), and headache (2.06; 1.10–3.86; P=0.023) were more likely to have a brain tumour than those without corresponding symptoms, while people with dizziness/vertigo were less likely to have a brain tumour than those without corresponding symptoms (0.45; 0.23–0.87; P=0.017). Conclusions Mortality due to PBT in China was low, with a nationwide estimate of 21,215 (10,427–43,165) deaths attributable to PBTs annually. However, the detection rate of PBTs can be greatly improved based on symptom screening in the population.


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3602
Author(s):  
Elena Genova ◽  
Maura Apollonio ◽  
Giuliana Decorti ◽  
Alessandra Tesser ◽  
Alberto Tommasini ◽  
...  

Interferonopathies are rare genetic conditions defined by systemic inflammatory episodes caused by innate immune system activation in the absence of pathogens. Currently, no targeted drugs are authorized for clinical use in these diseases. In this work, we studied the contribution of sulforaphane (SFN), a cruciferous-derived bioactive molecule, in the modulation of interferon-driven inflammation in an immortalized human hepatocytes (IHH) line and in two healthy volunteers, focusing on STING, a key-component player in interferon pathway, interferon signature modulation, and GSTM1 expression and genotype, which contributes to SFN metabolism and excretion. In vitro, SFN exposure reduced STING expression as well as interferon signature in the presence of the pro-inflammatory stimulus cGAMP (cGAMP 3 h vs. SFN+cGAMP 3 h p value < 0.0001; cGAMP 6 h vs. SFN+cGAMP 6 h p < 0.001, one way ANOVA), restoring STING expression to the level of unstimulated cells. In preliminary experiments on healthy volunteers, no appreciable variations in interferon signature were identified after SFN assumption, while only in one of them, presenting the GSTM1 wild type genotype related to reduced SFN excretion, could a downregulation of STING be recorded. This study confirmed that SFN inhibits STING-mediated inflammation and interferon-stimulated genes expression in vitro. However, only a trend towards the downregulation of STING could be reproduced in vivo. Results obtained have to be confirmed in a larger group of healthy individuals and in patients with type I interferonopathies to define if the assumption of SFN could be useful as supportive therapy.


BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e040055
Author(s):  
Liwei Zhang ◽  
Wang Jia ◽  
Nan Ji ◽  
Deling Li ◽  
Dan Xiao ◽  
...  

IntroductionBrain tumours encompass a complex group of intracranial tumours that mostly affect young adults and children, with a high incidence rate and poor prognosis. It remains impossible to systematically collect data on patients with brain tumours in China and difficult to perform in-depth analysis on the status of brain tumours, medical outcomes or other important medical issues through a multicentre clinical study. This study describes the first nation-wide data platform including the entire spectrum of brain tumour entities, which will allow better management and more efficient application of patient data in China.Methods and analysisThe National Brain Tumor Registry of China (NBTRC) is a registry of real-word clinical data on brain tumours. It is established and managed by the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases and administered by its scientific and executive committees. The 54 participating hospitals of the NBTRC are located in 27 provinces/municipalities, performing more than 40 000 brain tumour surgeries per year. The data consist of in-hospital medical records, images and follow-up information after discharge. Data can be uploaded in three ways: the web portal, remote physical servers and offline software. The data quality control scheme is seven-dimensional. Each participating hospital could focus on a single pathology subtype and public subtypes of brain tumour for which they expect to conduct related multicentre clinical research. The standardised workflow to conduct clinical research is based on the benefit-sharing mechanism. Data collection will be conducted continuously from 1 February 2019 to 31 January 2024.Ethics and disseminationInformed consent will be obtained from all participants. Consent for the adolescents’ participation will be also obtained from their guardians via written consent. The results will be published in professional journals, in both Chinese and English.Trial registration numberChinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900021096).


1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vyskočil ◽  
S. Emminger ◽  
J. Tejral ◽  
Z. Fiala ◽  
E. Ettlerova ◽  
...  

1 Biochemical markers of kidney damage were examined in 16 female workers chronically exposed to tetrachlorethylene (TCE) in five dry-cleaning shops. The results were compared with those obtained in 13 females non-occupationally exposed to organic solvents. 2 The intensity of exposure was monitored by personal environmental monitoring. The time-weighed average exposure to TCE amounted to 157 mg m-3 (range 9-799 mg m-3). A satisfactory agreement was found between the concentration of TCE in ambient air sampled with the charcoal tube method and with a passive dosimeter. 3 The urinary excretion of lysozyme was increased in the exposed group. No difference was found in the urinary excretion of albumin, β2-microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase, total proteins or glucose. The prevalence of abnormal values of biochemical parameters in the exposed group did not differ from that observed in the control group. No correlation was found between the level of TCE exposure and biochemical parameters. 4 The present study suggests that chronic exposure to TCE does not lead to renal damage.


2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Nygren ◽  
H. v. Holst ◽  
K. Ericson ◽  
P. Fredman

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