FEATURES OF PROCESSING OATS INTO GROATS PRODUCTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
S. Sots ◽  
I. Kustov ◽  
Y. Kuzmenko ◽  
O. Vereshchynskyi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technological Scheme ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Naked Oats ◽  
And Control

In the given article the existing technologies of hulled oats grain processing into groats products were analyzed. The possibilities of using new breeding varieties of oats to improve existing technologies were analyzed. Advantages using naked oat varieties for the production of groats and flakes were considered. Results of research influence intensity of pearling and water heat treatment on yield of pearled groats and its quality indicators were shown. The high efficiency of use naked oats for the production of pearled groats with regulated quality indicators was determined. It was found that the technologically expedient moisture content of naked oats before pearling is 12-12.5 %. In the pearling the grain with this humidity depending on the duration of pearling yield of groat estimated to range between 78 94 %. Use as raw materials naked oats increase yield of pearled groats at 1.4-1.6 times in compared to processing of conventional varieties. Modes of preparation of pearled groats for flaking was investigated, feature their influence on the yield and qualities of flaked groats were determined. Analyses of the physical properties of the obtained flaked products were conducted. It was found that the technologically expedient moisture content of pearled naked oats groats before steaming is 17-17.5 %. After steaming groats with this moisture yield of flaked groat estimated to range between 84,3 93,6 %. The main stages of processing naked oats into groats products were determined. The technological scheme of processing naked oats for producing groats and flakes were developed. The technological scheme of processing hull-less barley and naked oats for producing groats, flakes, mixtures of groats and flakes were developed. Technology includes grain cleaning stage, grain water heat treatment, pearling, sorting of pearling products, pearled groat water heat treatment, mixing, flaking, drying, and control of end products.

scholarly journals SOME FEATURES OF BARLEY AND OATS PROCESSING

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
S. Sots ◽  
I. Kustov ◽  
Y. Kuzmenko
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Naked Oats ◽  
And Control

It is proved the high effectiveness of using naked oats varieties Salomon and Samuel and hull-less barley variety Achilles as raw material for production new groats products with high biological value. Researched modes of pearling, water heat treatment and its impact on yield of pearled and flaked groats. The technological scheme of processing hull less barley and naked oats for producing groats, flakes, mixtures of groats and flakes were developed. Technology includes grain cleaning stage, grain water heat treatment, pearling, sorting of pearling products, pearled groat water heat treatment, mixing, flaking, drying, and control of end products. Studied hull-less barley characterized by high protein content 14,615,8 % and β-glucans – 6,8-7,4 %, has same to conventional dehulled grain mass fraction of lipids 2,1-3,8 % and starch – 57,6-60,5 %, low ash content 2,3-2,7%. Naked oats grain traditionally characterized by high mass fraction of lipids – 6,0-6,3 %,high mass fraction of protein - 14,9-15,4% and βglucans - 6,4-6,9% close to conventional dehulled grain mass fraction of starch – 59,3-61,6 % and ash – 2,1-2,3 %. It was found that the technologically expedient moisture content of hull-less barley and naked oats before pearling is 12-13 %. In the pearling the grain with this humidity depending on the duration of pearling yield of groat estimated to range between 6796 %. Increasing moisture content of grain before pearling to 14.0% does not significantly change the limits of yield values, and pearling grain with low moisture content of 10.5% leads to excessive grinding and formation of a significant amount of by-products and waste in the form of fine particles and husking bran.Technologically expedient moisture content of naked oats pearled groat before steaming stage are 15 % and the vapor pressure in steamer of 0.10 MPa. For the pearled barley groat most appropriate moisture content of before steaming is 20 % and the vapor pressure in steamer of 0.10 MPa.Steaming in this mode allows to obtain flaked groats with yield at 84 to 93%

scholarly journals Barothermal Processing of Animal Feed Ingredients

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Syrovatka ◽  
Natalya V. Zhdanova ◽  
Aleksandr N. Rasskazov ◽  
Dmitriy I. Toropov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Superheated Steam ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
System P ◽  
User Friendly

Introduction. The article substantiates the need for high-temperature processing of feed ingredients. Principles of operation and design features of the applied methods and equipment for feed production are considered. Phase transitions, along with advantages and energy, technological, and technical drawbacks are highlighted. The aim of the study is to justify a possibility of creating high-efficiency production lines using heat treatment of feeds by application of heat valves ensuring continuous loading of raw materials into a reactor and discharge of the treated feed at high pressures and temperatures. Materials and Methods. It is proposed to transfer the process of barothermal processing to a higher zone of the phase diagram of the system p,t (pressure and temperature). This is a section of the superheated steam zone with temperature 300–374 °C, pressure 12–21 MPa and treatment exposure 30–60 seconds, which replaces costly processes of normalizing, expansion, extrusion and granulation. The change in enthalpy in the pressure range 0–21 MPa and temperature range 0–600 °C is shown. Thermal modes are presented as formulas which is the basic condition for the use of digital technologies. Results. The design of the reactor with a thermal gate for loading and unloading, being the main unit of the production line of the feed heat treatment, was proposed. The results of the study are fundamental for the development of the sample flow low-capacity line. Discussion and Conclusion. The transfer of the process of barothermic processing of feed into the zone of superheated steam allows for the transfer of poorly digestible elements of grain and legumes in easily digestible, pathogen-free feed. Advantages of the reactor and line include the user-friendly design, energy saving and possibility of implementation of advanced digital technologies.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Drying of Rose Hips: a Process Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Elena Verboloz ◽  
Marina Ivanova ◽  
Vera Demchenko ◽  
Sergey Fartukov ◽  
Nikita Evona
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
State Standard ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Drying Time

Introduction. Rose hips are rich in macro- and micronutrients. Unfortunately, heat treatment destroys most nutrients. Ultrasonic technologies make it possible to reduce the drying time and lower the temperature regime. The research objective was to adjust ultrasound technology to rose hip production in order to reduce the loss of vitamins and improve the quality indicators of the dried product. Study objects and methods. The research featured rose hips of the Rosa canina species collected in the south of Kazakhstan. This subspecies of wild rose is poor in vitamin C. Nevertheless, this shrub is extremely common in Russia and other countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The raw material was dried according to standard methods. One group of samples was treated with ultrasound, while the other served as control. Both groups underwent a sensory evaluation and were tested for moisture and vitamin C. Results and discussion. The rose hips were dried in a combination steam oven with a built-in ultrasonic wave generator. The research revealed the following optimal parameters of the ultrasound drying process: frequency of ultrasonic vibrations – 22 kHz, processing time – 2.5 h, temperature in the combination steam oven – +56°C, initial moisture content – 30%. The resulting product met the requirements of State Standard. The loss of moisture was 57%. According to State Standard 1994-93, the initial moisture content should be 15% or less. Time decreased from 360 min to 160 min, and the initial moisture was 13%. The experiment confirmed the initial hypothesis that ultrasonic treatment improves the drying process by improving quality indicators and preserving vitamin C in raw materials using. Conclusion. Ultrasound treatment during moisture removal from rose hips provides a resource-saving technology that fulfills an economically and socially important function.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF FLAKED PRODUCTS FROM NAKED OATS. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE FLAKES

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
S. Sots ◽  
Y. Chumachenko ◽  
I. Kustov ◽  
Y. Kuzmenko
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
High Uniformity ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Inherent Strength ◽  
Naked Oats ◽  
The Given ◽  
Good Food

Flakes and instant groats products have become increasingly prolific in recent decades among groats products. The interest of consumers in this type of groats and groats products is primarily connected to their ability to be quickly prepared and good food and flavoring properties compared with traditional groats. Due to their balanced amino acid composition, the presence of mucous substances unique vitamin content, most of groats can be attributed to the products of dietary and restorative nutrition.In the given article the existing technologies of hulled oats grain processing into groats products were analyzed. Thepossibilities of using new breeding varieties of oats to improve existing technologies were analyzed. Advantages using nakedoat varieties for the production of groats and flakes were considered. It was found that the technologically expedient moisture content of pearled naked oats groats before steaming is 17-17.5 %. After steaming groats with this moisture yield of flaked groat estimated to range between 84,3-93,6 %. For substantiation of modes of preparing pearled groats to flaking determining of its impact on physical properties of the flaked groats were conducted. Flaked products obtained from naked oats characterized by high uniformity, however by fractional composition are smaller compared with control samples. The main their percentage (about 60-70%), obtained by overflow of sieves  3,0 mm and  1,5 mm. Thickness of obtained in the studied modes flaked products is in the range 0,4-1,1 mm. Flaked products obtained from naked oats by steaming oats groats with moisture content 19.1 % by indicator of thickness characterized as flaked groats for which the characteristic thickness is 0.7 to 0.9 mm. Mode of steaming groats at vapor pressure of 0.15 MPa with moisture content 17.5 % allows producing flaked products which correspond by the value of thickness of the control of classical oat flakes 0,4-0,9 mm. Decreasing moisture content of groats before steaming to 15.4 % allows producing thin flakes, values of thickness of which in the range of 0.4-0.7 mm. Except thickness, strength of flakes also depends on mass fraction of moisture. For flakes with higher humidity inherent strength is greater compared to a product with low humidity. The final moisture of oat flakes is normalized by regulations and must not exceed 12.0%.Waterheat treatment of pearled groats with further its flaking reduces the proportion of ashes of flaked products from 1.8 to 1.5%.

scholarly journals Development of technology of biogenic stimulator from grass and marc of Sedum maximum

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
О. І. Бурбан ◽  
Л. І. Вишневська ◽  
Т. М. Зубченко
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

One of the areas of rational use of raw materials, increasing the efficiency of medicinal plant raw materials and reducing the cost of medicines is the technology of its complex processing, which allows to obtain several pharmacologically active substances from one plant, also through the use of plant waste. Information about the potent biological activity of Sedum maximum and its insufficient study prompted us to conduct experimental studies to obtain substances based on it. The aim of the work is to study the production of an extract from marc of Sedum maximum grass on the basis of its complex processing and to study its quality indicators. Materials and methods of the research – biblio semantic, pharmacotherapeutic, physicochemical and statistical research methods were used during the research. Taking into account a number of technological factors, the parameters of obtaining extract from marc of Sedum maximum grass were determined, the quality of juice and Sedum maximum grass extract was studied: description, pH, dry residue, identification, quantitative content of tannins in terms of pyrogalol. Taking into acount the physicochemical and pharmacotechnological properties of the ingredients, technological schemes for obtaining fresh juice from Sedum maximum grass and extract from its marc have been developed and control parameters of the process of their production have been established. Taking into account a number of technological factors, the parameters of obtaining the extract from marc of Sedum maximum grass were determined: raw material:extractant ratio – 1:2, extraction temperature – 96–98 °С, extraction duration – 15 min. As a stabilizer used sodium chloride in the amount of 0.7%. The study of the following quality indicators of juice and extract of Sedum maximum grass were done and following results obtained: description, pH – 5.72 ± 0.08 and 4.87 ± 0.04, respectively, dry residue – 2.73 ± 0.07 and 2.54 ± 0,10%, respectively, identification, quantification of the amount of tannins in terms of pyrogalol – 0.094 ± 0.002 and 0.095 ± 0.002%, respectively. The technology was developed and technological schemes of complex processing of Sedum maximum grass were drawn up, according to which juice and aqueous extract from marc were obtained after squeezing the juice.

scholarly journals Effective technological scheme for processing triticale (Triticosecale L.) grain into graded flour

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Kandrokov ◽  
Georgiy Pankratov ◽  
Elena Meleshkina ◽  
Irina Vitol ◽  
Danila Tulyakov
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
State Standard ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The State ◽  
Technological Scheme ◽  
Reduction Processes ◽  
Grain Processing

The present paper features Triticale grain processing. The research involved two Russian cultivars of Tri- ticale grain, i.e. Ramzes and Saur. We investigated two schemes of processing these grain varieties into high-qua- lity baker’s grade flour. The first scheme was reduced and included only the processes of breaking and reduction, whereas the second scheme was more advanced and included breaking, sieving, sizing, and reduction processes. The paper gives a thorough description of the processing schemes, their parameters, and milling modes. A detailed ana- lysis proved the high efficiency of the advanced scheme which presupposed the use of sieve purifiers. Their expe- diency was determined by the specifics of break dunst products at breaks I, II, and III. The Triticale flour varie- ties were produced by mixing various flows of the central, intermediate, and peripheral parts of the Triticale grain endosperm. The reduced scheme produced a 40% yield for the Ramzes variety (ash content = 0.70%, according to the State Standard 34142-2017*), while the advanced technological scheme resulted in a 63% yield. As for the Saur variety, the advanced scheme produced a total yield of 78%, which was 0.6% higher than in the reduced scheme. The advanced scheme resulted in a 46% yield of the T-60 flour variety, which had the lowest ash content among all the va- rieties of Triticale flour, whereas the reduced scheme failed to produce the flour of this variety. The experiment also involved the first-ever study of the rheological properties of Triticale flour varieties with Mixolab (Chopin Technolo- gies, France). The study revealed significant differences in baking absorption, doughing time, batch, gluten, viscosi- ty, amylase, and retrogradation. The best baking properties were displayed by T-70 and T-80 Triticale flours that were obtained from the central part of the endosperm, both in reduced and advanced processing schemes. However, the advanced scheme proved to be the most effective way of processing Triticale grain into baker’s grade flour.

INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF IMPROVED TECHNOLOGY OF PREPARATION OF WHEAT GRAIN FOR GRINDING ON ITS MICROBIOLOGICAL SAFETY INDICATORS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.В. ВАНИЦКАЯ ◽  
А.Ю. ШАЗЗО ◽  
Н.В. ИЛЬЧИШИНА ◽  
В.Г. ЛОБАНОВ ◽  
И.В. СУРУХАНОВА ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Microbiological Safety ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Grain Surface ◽  
And Control ◽  
Improved Technology

Качество и безопасность зерна выступает важным и обязательным объектом государственного регулирования и контроля. Рост количества опасных видов сорных растений, вредных насекомых и заболеваний зерновых культур привел к снижению качества зерновой массы, повышению ее микробиальной обсемененности. Важным этапом снижения микробиальной обсемененности зерна является его подготовка к переработке. Для повышения эффективности сепарирования и поверхностной очистки зерна пшеницы и снижения его микробиологической обсемененности учеными Кубанского государственного технологического университета предложена технологическая линия, включающая установку фотоэлектронного сепаратора перед овсюгоотборником для очистки зерновой массы от примесей, отличающихся от зерна пшеницы по цвету, и шлифовального агрегата вместо обоечных машин для очистки поверхности зерна. Цель настоящего исследования – определить эффективность применения предложенной технологии подготовки зерна пшеницы к помолу на примере его микробиологических показателей безопасности. В качестве объектов исследования были образцы зерна пшеницы из партий, поступивших с элеватора в подготовительное отделение мельницы, отобранные на зерноперерабатывающих предприятиях Краснодарского края, работающих как по традиционной, так и по усовершенствованной технологии. Установлено, что в зерновой массе, подготовленной к помолу по разработанной технологии, общее количество бактерий на 65% меньше, а содержание дрожжей и плесеней соответственно в 2 и 3 раза ниже, чем в зерновой массе, подготовленной к переработке по традиционной технологии. Из зерновой массы, подготовленной к переработке по усовершенствованной технологии, были полностью удалены вредные и минеральные примеси, фузариозные зерна и куколь. Результаты исследования показали высокую эффективность применения разработанной технологии подготовки зерна пшеницы к помолу. The quality and safety of grain is an important and mandatory object of state regulation and control. The increase in the number of dangerous species of weeds, harmful insects and diseases of grain crops has led to a decrease in the quality of grain mass, an increase in its microbial contamination. An important step in reducing the microbial contamination of grain is its preparation for processing. To increase the efficiency of separation and surface cleaning of wheat grain and reduce its microbiological contamination, scientists of the Kuban State Technological University have proposed a technological line that includes the installation of a photoelectronic separator in front of the oat collector to clean the grain mass from impurities that differ from wheat grain in color, and a grinding unit instead for cleaning the grain surface. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the proposed technology for preparing wheat grain for grinding on the example of its microbiological safety indicators. The objects of the study were samples of wheat grain from batches received from the elevator to the preparatory department of the mill, selected at grain processing enterprises of the Krasnodar region operating both according to traditional and improved technology. It was found that in the grain mass prepared for grinding according to the developed technology, the total number of bacteria is 65% less, and the content of yeast and mold respectively is 2 and 3 times lower than in the grain mass prepared for processing according to traditional technology. Harmful and mineral impurities, fusarium grains and Agrostemma L. were completely removed from the grain mass prepared for processing using improved technology. The results of the study showed the high efficiency of the application of the developed technology for preparing wheat grain for grinding.

BÖHLER W403 VMR

Alloy Digest ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Diffusion Annealing ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Böhler (or Boehler) W403 VMR is a tool steel with outstanding properties, based not only on a modified chemical composition, but on the selection of highly clean raw materials for melting, remelting under vacuum (VMF), optimized diffusion annealing, and a special heat treatment. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming and heat treating. Filing Code: TS-721. Producer or source: Böhler Edelstahl GmbH.

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