“Vocal Form” as a Music-Phonetic Speech Genre: Aspects of Study

Vocal music is a form of existence and realization of a language. Primarily, it is oral speech of a specific type. Prosodic features of vocal music, as well as its rhythm and intonation, are formed as a result of direct music-language interaction. Therefore, intonational language-music correlation provides possibility of linguistic description of national vocal music and confirms the necessity to develop theoretical foundation for studying this issue. We consider vocal speech of any genre (song, aria or choral singing) in view of its prosodic features. Correspondingly, we consider intonational realization of a vocal text as related to distinctive features of intonation within phonetic system of a given language. In the present article, the authors term vocal-music speech phenomenon as a vocal form of a language, and specify the rationale that it could be related to elements of various levels of oral text. Several aspects of the vocal form are defined, namely phonatory, phonetic, rhythmic and intonational, and considered in the following branches of linguistics: phonostylistics, intonology and speech studies. The paper presents the concept of vocal form of a language within the research prospect. According to structure-based phonological approach, the vocal form as a music-language object is interpreted as a system component, its elements being defined as language units.

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Database Creation and Dialect-Wise Comparative Analysis of Prosodic Features for Punjabi Language

Journal of Intelligent Systems ◽

10.1515/jisys-2019-2511 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 1275-1282

Author(s):

Shipra J. Arora ◽

Rishipal Singh

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Speech Recognition ◽

Significant Variation ◽

Recognition System ◽

Speech Recognition System ◽

Prosodic Features ◽

Speech Corpus ◽

Male And Female ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Language Analysis

Abstract The paper represents a Punjabi corpus in the agriculture domain. There are various dialects in the Punjabi language and the main concentration is on major dialects, i.e. Majhi, Malwai and Doabi for the present study. A speech corpus of 125 isolated words is taken into consideration. These words are uttered by 100 speakers, i.e. 60 Malwi dialect speakers (30 male and 30 female), 20 Majhi dialect speakers (10 male and 10 female) and 20 Doabi dialect speakers (10 male and 10 female). Tonemes, adhak (geminated) and nasal words are selected from the corpus. Recordings have been processed through two mediums. The paper also elaborates some distinctive features of the corpus. This corpus is of quite significance for the speech recognition system. Prosodic characteristics such as intonation, rhythm and stress create a crucial impact on the speech recognition system. These characteristics vary from language to language as well as various dialects of a language. This paper portrays a comparative analysis of isolated words prosodic features of Malwi, Majhi and Doabi dialects of Punjabi language. Analysis is done using the PRAAT tool. Pitch, intensity, formant I and formant II values are extracted for toneme, adhak, nasal (bindi) and nasal (tippi) words. For all kinds of words, there is a significant variation in pitch (fundamental frequency), intensity, formant I and formant II values of male and female speakers of Malwi, Majhi and Doabi dialects. A detailed analysis has been discussed throughout this paper.

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Teacher’s professional linguocommunicative competence in the context of intercultural communication

Teaching languages at higher institutions ◽

10.26565/2073-4379-2019-34-06 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Intercultural Communication ◽

Professional Competence ◽

Word Combination ◽

Estimation Efficiency ◽

Oral Speech ◽

English Speaking ◽

Speech Genre ◽

Linguistic Means

Linguistic-communicative component of the professional competence of a teacher, who trains Russian for English speaking students-non-philologists at level A 2, have been investigated in the article. In particular, oral speech genre as a stable statement is in the center of attention (by M. Bahtin).One of the more frequency type of genre, which is used in the teacher’s monologues at the lessons – estimating (by T. Shmelyova classification), and one of the genre elements of any speech genre – it’s personification, which is represented in our study by lexical means, using by the teacher for estimating inophones’ class work, have been selected for our research. The results of questioning the teachers, concerning the use of the oral lexical estimating means during the class work in the context of intercultural communication, have been fixed, systematized and analyzed by the author. 54 lexical units of positive and negative estimating of the student’s work in Russian, English as well as in mediator language and some lexemes in 7 languages, more useful in the groups, have been examined. Levels word-word combination – sentence have been singled out and analysis of efficiency of using the concrete lexemes at estimating inophonesʼ work, considering their preparation to understand teacher’s intensions, and their conformity with the demands of intercultural communication have been suggested. Lexemes, successfully chosen by the teacher, as well as lexemes, which don’t promote efficiency of intercultural communication, complicate the process of training inophones, have been marked. The causes of unsuccessful using of the analyzed linguistic means and ways of increasing the estimation efficiency as a type of the statement have been named.

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SPEECH GENRE «CONFESSION» AS A GENRE OF ORAL SPEECH

Scholarly Notes of Komsomolsk-na-Amure State Technical University ◽

10.17084/2017.i-2(29).6 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (29) ◽

pp. 20-23

Author(s):

G. A. Shusharina ◽

◽

N. A. Matveyev ◽

Keyword(s):

Oral Speech ◽

Speech Genre

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LEXICAL AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF A FILM REVIEW AS A GENRE

HUMANITARIAN RESEARCHES ◽

10.21672/1818-4936-2020-76-4-066-074 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (4) ◽

pp. 67-75

Author(s):

ELENA V. ILOVA ◽

◽

ELENA N. GALICHKINA ◽

RUFINA ZH. IZMAILOVA ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Mass Media ◽

Film Review ◽

New York Times ◽

Semantic Features ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Speech Genre ◽

Film Reviews ◽

Rhetorical Questions ◽

The Guardian

The article describes distinctive features of a film review as a speech genre which is now one of the most popular genres of the mass media net discourse. The article proves its intertextual character and analyses its lexical and semantic features. Film reviews taken from the following sources: sites of cinema goers: www.imdb.com, www.empireonline.com, www.pluggedin.com ; official sites of film critics (e.g. R. Ebert) https://www.rogerebert.com; official sites of the newspapers: The New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/reviews/movies, The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/film+tone/reviews and other sites: https://www.imdb.com/search/keyword/?keywords=movie-review, https://www.pluggedin.com/movie-reviews/. The material for analysis comprises about 100 film reviews released in 2020. The reviews are in open access in the Internet. The volume of the analysed material is about 200 pages. The method used to achieve the main objective is interpretation analysis of film reviews. As a result of the theoretical material analysis main directions in the genre research were specified; key distinctive features of a film review were studied. The actuality of the research is determined by the rising interest to net mass media discourse genres. The main objective is to elicit and describe lexical and semantic features of film reviews as a speech genre. The conducted research made it possible to prove the interdiscoursive and poly-discoursive nature of the genre in question and to systematize its lexical and semantic features. The analysis disclosed that intertextuality of a film review is actualized in the interaction of three types of discourse: that of the critic, that of the film and that of other people. Poly-discoursive nature of a film review is expressed through the combination of publicistic, literary and scientific styles features. Another important characteristic is evaluativity represented in emotionally coloured vocabulary. Among other lexical and semantic features are the following: usage of non-specific terms, cliches, rhetorical questions with precedent names, intertextual inserting, various stylistic devices, among which epithets and metaphors are most often used. It’s been observed that a film review is filled with bookish vocabulary as well as stylistically low words and expressions.

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Thematic Organization of Conversations in the Voip Application Viber

Postmodernism Problems ◽

10.46324/pmp2001003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 3-17

Author(s):

Andreana Eftimova

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Mobile Applications ◽

Thematic Structure ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Oral Speech

In a large number of social media and mobile applications, a new hybrid oral-writing formation is emerging, which is called from linguists' written spoken speech with similar features to both written and oral speech, but also has its own distinctive features. This study will illustrate the thematic structure of a conversation using the VoIP application Viber to highlight the most common model of a zig-zag themed organization and its specifics.

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Distinctive Features of a Threatening Demand and Entreaty at the Fundamental Frequency Level

Contemporary problems of social work ◽

10.17922/2412-5466-2021-7-1-54-60 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 54-60

Author(s):

D.V. Groshev ◽

Keyword(s):

Fundamental Frequency ◽

Speech Acts ◽

Speech Act ◽

Prosodic Structure ◽

Prosodic Features ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Illocutionary Acts ◽

Frequency Level ◽

Communicative Process ◽

Phonetic Study

the article gives the results of an experimental and phonetic study on the prosodic differentiation at the level of the fundamental frequency of two illocutionary acts – a threatening demand and entreaty (on the material of German). It is known that prosody affects a communicative process, and depending on the nature of a prosodic structure, the meaning of a statement changes. The same lexical and grammatical corpus can act as a threat, demand, entreaty, sarcastic statement, etc. The distinctive features of these speech acts are directly influenced by the perceived prosodic features of fundamental frequency, intensity and duration. On the basis of auditory, acoustic, and mathematical and statistical analyzes, the distinctive features of the two illocutionary acts were identified at the level of the fundamental frequency. The study shows that the two illocutionary acts differ at the level of the fundamental frequency, despite the fact that they belong to the same speech act – directive. The results obtained can be used in research in the field of phonology, experimental and applied phonetics. In addition, the obtained material may be of interest to forensic experts when conducting a phonoscopic examination

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Ascending tones as signifiers of cultural identity in northern England

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/202112702019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 127 ◽

pp. 02019

Author(s):

Malvina Aleksandrovna Demina ◽

Polina Kirillovna Shishova

Keyword(s):

Cultural Identity ◽

Acoustic Analysis ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Pitch Range ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Frequent Use ◽

Oral Speech ◽

Conventional Implicatures ◽

Acoustic Analyses ◽

Regional Types

This study investigates prosodic patterns in dialects of Manchester, Liverpool, Newcastle and Leeds that distinguish northern English pronunciation from other regional types. The authors argue that melodic cues can act as signifiers of northern English cultural identity. The empirical research included auditory and acoustic analyses of authentic speech recordings of four female and four male speakers from the listed above urban centres in northern England. The research primarily concerned intonational means and prosodic parameters of fundamental frequency (F0) and pitch range. The findings revealed both individual characteristics of each dialect and regional distinctive features common for northern speech in general with a special regard to intergender variation. The results of the research showed that the distribution of melodic patterns in northern English speech is different from the standard British pronunciation and is mainly characterized by the frequent use of rising contours in affirmative utterances. The detailed acoustic analysis of configuration and pitch range of such ascending tunes allowed the authors to describe four main variants of rising intonation in final sense-groups of declaratives. These specific melodic cues of oral speech make it possible to identify a northerner and take into account this sociocultural context, as well as other conventional implicatures in the process of cross-cultural verbal interaction.

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Structural Organization and Distribution of Fiber Types in Extraocular Muscles of Cats

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100093420 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 34-35

Author(s):

Asish C. Nag ◽

Lee D. Peachey

Keyword(s):

Fiber Type ◽

Light And Electron Microscopy ◽

Small Diameter ◽

Extraocular Muscles ◽

Fiber Types ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Superior Rectus ◽

Adult Cats ◽

Different Diameters ◽

Orbital Region

Cat extraocular muscles consist of two regions: orbital, and global. The orbital region contains predominantly small diameter fibers, while the global region contains a variety of fibers of different diameters. The differences in ultrastructural features among these muscle fibers indicate that the extraocular muscles of cats contain at least five structurally distinguishable types of fibers.Superior rectus muscles were studied by light and electron microscopy, mapping the distribution of each fiber type with its distinctive features. A mixture of 4% paraformaldehyde and 4% glutaraldehyde was perfused through the carotid arteries of anesthetized adult cats and applied locally to exposed superior rectus muscles during the perfusion.

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