scholarly journals ‘Sluzhilye lyudi’ of the south of Russia in the middle of the 17th century

2010 ◽  
pp. 166-168
Author(s):  
Denis Lyapin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
17Th Century ◽  
The South

scholarly journals Behavioral Models of Population Inhabiting the Fortresses in the South of Russia in the 17th century (as Documented in Voronezhsky, Kozlovsky and Tambovsky counties)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-28
Author(s):  
Denis A. Lyapin ◽  
Yuri A. Mizis
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
The South ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Archival Source ◽  
Single Mass

The article discusses the process of formation of the main behavioral patterns of the population of the southern counties during the period of the settlement in and development of the South of Russia in the 17th century. The authors analyze the behavior of migrants to the steppe periphery of the country, on the basis of large archival source. An important place in the development of steppe territories was occupied by fortresses, which were military, political and religious centers for the counties. The strong influence of collectivist principles is noted in the article. Particular attention is paid to studying the dynamics of changes in the social environment in the South of Russia, the formation of property stratification, the emergence of individualism. It is argued in the paper that social changes were associated with shifts in the behavioral models of the inhabitants of the fortresses: if at the early stage of its existence the population of the towns consisted of a single mass of the servicemen, then the second half of the 17th century is characterized by a gradual destruction of social cohesion. The behavioral models of servants and townspeople were determined by the desire for personal gain, material wealth, and individual benefits. This was due to the increase in the number and importance of townspeople, whose lives were a constant competition. Discovered shifts of behavioral patterns are indicative of important changes in society.

The Grey Wolf

Antiquity ◽  
1943 ◽  
Vol 17 (65) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Matheson
Keyword(s):  
17Th Century ◽  
Grey Wolf ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
The City ◽  
Close Investigation ◽  
Animal World

In a previous paper (1) an attempt was made to describe the inter-relations of man and bear in Europe from early times to the present day. In many ways the influence of the wolf has been more important than that of the bear on the habits and thoughts of European man. Occasionally it has figured in a favourable light, as in the case of the she-wolf credited with suckling the twin founders of the City on Seven Hills (though even here the double meaning of lupa—applied in a transferative sense to ladies whose character would not bear close investigation—has led some authors to a conjecture which it might not have been politic to mention to any patriotic inhabitant of the grandeur that was Rome). But in general, whether in Italy or elsewhere, no animal has been so hated and feared. Among the ancient Greeks in the south—whose Lyceum at Athens and sanctuary of Apollo Lukeios at Sicyon may have originated in efforts to propitiate the wolves-as among the Letts of the north who, perhaps as late as the 17th century, sacrificed a goat each December to the wolves so that their other livestock might be spared(2) ; from Scotland where priests offered the prayer, quoted by Fittis (3) from the old Litany of Dunkeld, for deliverance ‘from robbers and caterans, from wolves and all wild beasts’, to Russia where peasants pronounced a spell on St. George's Day with the recurring plea, ‘God grant the wolf may not take our cattle‘ (4); the wolf was the great destroyer, the despoiler of flocks and herds and man's chief enemy in the animal world.

The Frank Bay Site, Lake Nipissing, Ontario

1954 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 40-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Ridley
Keyword(s):  
Igneous Rock ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
The South ◽  
Low Area ◽  
South Shore ◽  
The One ◽  
French River

Lake Nipissing is situated 230 miles north of Lake Ontario and roughly 140 miles within the igneous rock territory. Some 30 by 8 miles in size, it is drained westerly by the French River into Lake Huron. Frank Bay, enclosing an area of one half square mile, is situated on the south shore at the entrance to the French River. Historically the area was occupied by an Algonkian group called “Nipisinieries” or “Nipissings” by the 17th century Jesuits; Galinee's map of 1665 depicts a bay on the south shore of Lake Nipissing at the head of the French River: “In a bay at this place the Nipissings usually locate their village” (Coyne, 1903). The site described here, probably the one figured by Galinee, is a level tract of about one half acre constructed by wave deposition of coarse sand upon a low area at the bottom of the bay.

The Classical Rhinoceros

Antiquity ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 24 (94) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Gowers
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
Ceratotherium Simum ◽  
Black Rhinoceros ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Diceros Bicornis ◽  
Accurate Definition

By the term ‘classical rhinoceros’ I mean the rhinoceros which was known to the Greek and Roman world during the five and a half centuries between 300 B.C. and A.D. 250, which was shown from time to time at Alexandria under the Ptolemies and later on appeared regularly in the arena at Rome taking part in fights with other beasts and with men. Although the Indian rhinoceros seems occasionally to have been exhibited at Rome, at any rate in the early years of the Empire, I believe that the rhinoceros usually shown there came from Africa, and I have tried to analyse such evidence as is available to show firstly what species it was and secondly what part of Africa it came from.There are, of course, two quite distinct kinds of African rhinoceros, the square-mouthed and the prehensile-lipped, popularly known respectively as the White and the Black Rhinoceros. Until recently their scientific names were Rhinoceros simus and Rhinoceros bicornis, but systematists have now separated them into two genera, calling the former Ceratotherium simum and the latter Diceros bicornis ; denying to both the title of Rhinoceros which they reserve for the Indian rhinoceros and its near Asiatic relatives. For the sake of simplicity and brevity I shall retain the old names and call them simus and bicornis.The popular misnomers of ‘white’ and ‘black’ are a legacy from the South African Dutch of the 17th century, who called simus ‘wit renaster’ and bicornis ‘zwart renaster’. They were not very particular about exact shades of colour and probably meant no more than that one species usually appeared much lighter than the other. The natural colour of both appears much the same to an observer a little distance away. The hide of simus may be slightly lighter. Perhaps the most accurate definition is given by Roosevelt and Heller who say that the true colour of simus is smoke-grey while that of bicornis is dark clove-brown.

scholarly journals Grecka diaspora w Poznaniu w XVIII i XIX w.

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 89-109
Author(s):  
Marcin Mikołajczyk
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Interesting Problem ◽  
The South ◽  
Good Order ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The City ◽  
Ethnic Origins ◽  
At Home

Greek diaspora in Poznan in the 18th and 19th century Poznań, one of the largest Polish cities, was frequently inhabited by citizens of other countries. One such nation were Greeks, who came to Poland for economic, political and geopolitical reasons. Ethnic origins of emigrants remains an interesting problem. The first information on Greeks in Poznań can be traced back to the 16th century. In the second half of the 17th century, the number of Greeks coming to the city increased. Emigrants occupied themselves mainly with (profitable) wine and Eastern goods trade. Greeks imported wine mostly from Hungary. From the moment they came, Greeks were considered unwelcome by local tradesmen. Municipal books and the books of the Merchants’ Guild are full of complaints on the incomers from the South. It was not until 1789, when the laws of the Commission of Good Order operating in Poznań, that the conditions of Greeks staying in Poznań had been regulated. The Poznań Greek community was established around 1750. Poznań Greeks were of the Christian Orthodox denomination. Services were held at home churches, the community also had its cemetery. The following people were the chaplains: Atanazy Korda, Konstantyn Chartofilax Okuta, Atanazy Sawicz and Zupanos. The Poznań Greek community was dissolved in 1909. The most well-known representative of the Poznań Greeks is Jan Konstanty Żupański, a bookseller and publisher.

scholarly journals The Croatian Tradition of The Story of Akir the Wise in South Slavonic Recensions

Slovo ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Keiko Mitani
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Common Source ◽  
The South ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Textual Relationships ◽  
Textual Features ◽  
Slavia Orthodoxa

This paper attempts to uncover the textual relationships between Croatian manuscripts of the Story of Akir the Wise and other South Slavonic copies of the same text. The Story of Akir the Wise, an apocryphal text originating in the ancient Middle East earlier than 500 B.C., was translated into Church Slavonic, probably in the 12th or the 13th century. The story was disseminated mostly among the Orthodox Slavs, but was also transmitted to the Catholic Slavs in Croatia. The South Slavonic copies, although outnumbered by the Russian ones, include the oldest extant manuscript preserved at the Savina Monastery in Montenegro. The question of the Slavonic archetype of the Story is still open because of the absence of a Greek recension. In Croatia, three copies have been preserved in Glagolitic, Cyrillic, and Latin scripts. This paper treats the South Slavonic copies of the Story, composed from the 14th to the 17th century inside and outside Croatia, and points out some textual features connecting the Croatian copies with other Cyrillic copies composed in Serbia and Bulgaria. Based on text-critical analysis, it is argued that the Croatian copies have a common source, which is a descendent of another older source that appeared in the Slavia Orthodoxa; some Serbian and Bulgarian copies also derived from that source. The paper also argues that the scribes of the Story not only copied their source texts but furthermore intentionally engaged in editing their texts in accordance with the language practices and social environment within which they worked

Wayland's Smithy

Antiquity ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 39 (154) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. C. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
17Th Century ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
White Horse ◽  
Last 300 Years

The chambered long barrow known as Wayland's Smithy lies a little south of the crest of the Berkshire Downs, about a mile west of the Uffington White Horse, within an oval plantation of beech trees. The excavation here described was carried out during II weeks in 1962 and 1963 under the direction of Professor Stuart Piggott and the writer. The barrow has now been restored to its appearance in antiquity, so far as the surviving features allow.Before excavation, the site appeared as a long low mound, much flattened by cultivation and erosion, with a length of about 200ft. and a maximum height of about 4ft. above the surrounding surface. At the south end were the ruined remains of a cruciform burial-chamber constructed of large sarsen slabs, in front of which was a line of four large fallen stones, evidently parts of a massive fayade similar to that of the West Kennet long barrow. To the east, a row of four smaller sarsens, still upright, marked the line of the kerb of slabs which had once delimited the mound. A sketch made by John Aubrey in the mid-17th century shows that apart from the presence then of additional visible kerb-stones the appearance of the site has altered little in the last 300 years.

'Notitie der Teekeningen van Sybrand Feitama', III*: de verzameling van Sybrand I Feitama (1620-1701) en van Isaac Feitama (1666-1709)

1987 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-217
Author(s):  
B.P.J. Broos
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The South ◽  
Price List ◽  
The Past ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Dutch Art ◽  
Strong Emphasis

AbstractSince the earliest sale catalogue of drawings known in which mention is made of artists and titles is that of Philips de Flines of 1701 (Notes I,2), the 'Notes' (see Appendix I) on the drawings of Sybrand I Feitama (1620-1701) can be regarded as unique. This manuscript, compiled in its definitive from by Sybrand II Feitama (1694-1755) between 1746 and 1758, enables us to reconstruct the nucleus of the collection. The earliest notes date from 1685 and 1690 and will have been made by Sybrand I Feitama (Note 3). They in fact constitute a precise and businesslike price list, reminding us that Feitama was a druggist by profession. His collection of 320 drawings was amassed in the 17th century in the house called 'The Golden Spectacles' on Damrak in Amsterdam. As the collection of a connoisseur who was not himself an artist, it was a relatively new phenomenon and it is also striking for its lack of Italian and French drawings (Note 4), especially as non-Dutch art formed the principal component of the holdings of known contemporary collectors like Dirk van Beeresteyn, Philips de Flines, Abraham van Lennep and Jan Six (Note 5). The Feitamas did not even follow the model of collections they knew at first hand, e.g. those of Jan Pietersz. Zomer, who supplied them with drawings for over thirty years (Note 6), and Lambert ten Kate, both of which showed a strong emphasis on art from the south. Sybrand II did not share this predilection, only coming into possession of a Jan Weenix from Ten Kate' estate in 1742 by a roundabout route. Nor do the Feitamas appear to have shared the preference, common among artist collectors, for the art of the past (Notes 8, 9), or that current around 1700 for curiosities such as first states and proofs (Notes 11, 12). Their taste was, then, rather unique. However, in connectio n with a portrait of Sybrand I Feitama the poet Jan Norel did praise his interest in 'Prints after Art' and 'wondrous Rarities' (Note 13). If this is taken literally, it can only be concluded that after that date Feitama abandoned prints and curiosities in favour of a fanatical concentration on mainly contemporary Dutch drawings. He collected almost encyclopedically, artists from A-Z, mostly reasonably priced works that were good value for the money, i.e. watercolours by Adriaen van Ostade rather than scribbles by Rembrandt. All three, generations of Feitamas had a special affection for Ludolf Bakhuizen, Nicolaes Berchem, Allaert van Everdingen, Jacob van Ruisdael and Adriaen van de Velde.

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