scholarly journals Stalingrad on the Eve of Industrialization: Social and Cultural Development and Improvement

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-20
Author(s):  
Andrei Lunochkin ◽  
Ekaterina Furman
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
New Economic Policy ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Cost Of Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

Introduction. The article deals with the issue of the situation in the urban economy and the socio-cultural sphere of the city of Stalingrad in the mid-1920s, on the eve of the beginning of socialist reconstruction. Methods. The authors use the historical-descriptive (idiographic), historical-genetic, historicalcomparative methods, as well as quantitative methods in the study of statistical sources. Analysis and results. By this time, urban infrastructure, which had suffered significantly during the Civil War, was largely restored. Water supply, transportation worked in general satisfactorily. The number of healthcare and educational institutions, their accessibility to the population increased compared with the pre-war period. Nevertheless, the situation in the social sphere remained very tense. Despite the fact of the increase in employment, unemployment continued to increase. The level of wages was rather low even in state institutions; the market periodically experienced interruptions in the supply of food, especially bread and meat. The lack of housing was an urgent problem. The commissioning of new and renovated residential buildings did not keep pace with population growth. With a constant increase in the cost of education, schools were located in unsuitable premises, classes were crowded. Despite all the efforts of the city authorities, health care institution also experienced serious financial difficulties. The social security system covered only a small fraction of those in need of assistance. In the city, there were still hundreds of street children and adult beggars. Hooliganism was still widespread on the working outskirts. The main reason for the inability of local authorities to fundamentally solve social problems was the lack of financial resources. The existing model of new economic policy actually exhausted its capabilities.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Condition of Communities in Resolving Conflicts in the Bukit Tangkiling Conservation Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saptawartono Saptawartono ◽  
Kumpiady Widen ◽  
Hendrik Segah ◽  
Yanarita Yanarita
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

The Bukit Tangkiling Conservation Area has great potential for natural resources, including clean water, honey bees, recreation services, and religious services. There is also potential for split stone, which had been mined by the people from the rock hills in the area. The potential utilization of these natural resources trigger conflicts between interests to maintain the function and existence of conservation areas with the interests of using split stone for the community in order to meet the development needs of the city of Palangka Raya and its surrounding regions, at the cost of damaging the existing area. As an input in managing the conservation area Bukit Tangkiling is well implemented, research is needed on the social and economic conditions of the community’s surrounding the area. The research used survey methods and respondents are determined by purposive sampling and simple random sampling, and data analysis was both qualitative and quantitative. The communities around the Bukit Tangkiling conservation area are dominated by productive age (18-56 years), Banturung Village 59.00% and Tangkiling Village 54.97%. The level of education is relatively low, Banturung Village 72.96% and Tangkiling Village 73.29%. Having low education, most of the people have difficulty in finding decent work. Aside from that, most people do not understand the function of the forest or the function of the conservation area and tend to be apathetic about the existence of the Bukit Tangkiling conservation area that must be preserved. For some of these poorly educated people, the work of mining rocks is the best alternative to meeting the economic needs of the household. Income obtained from mining rock ranges from 2-4 million IRD per month.

Environmental and social follow-up costs of traffic in cities: A case study of the city of Augsburg differentiated by means of transport

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Oebel ◽  
Dr. Tobias Gaugler
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
External Costs ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Keywords:</strong> External costs, mobility, environmental costs, social costs, monetarization</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study provides a methodology to evaluate the environmental and social costs, which arise from traffic in the German city of Augsburg. Social costs are driven by air pollutants such as nitric oxides or particulate matter, causing health damages. Environmental follow-up costs are driven by the emission of greenhouse gases. Furthermore, approaches for a successful transformation towards a car-free city are shown.</p> <p><strong>Method: </strong>Based on traffic data from the Augsburg Civil Engineering Office, as well as traffic shares from the German Federal Motor Transport Authority, the average emission factors of vehicles on Augsburg´s streets and, subsequently, the total traffic emissions on municipal roads in the city are quantified. The environmental as well as the social consequences are monetarized using the cost rates by Matthey and Bünger (2019) and van Essen et al. (2019). Social costs are additionally assessed using to the DALY approach. Therefore the DALYs lost due to air pollutants are determined and costs per DALY are calculated using the willingness to pay-approach by Cropper and Khanna (2014) and Spengler (2004) additionally to a method by Daroudi et al. (2019) assessing health care expenditures.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Applying this framework to the case study of Augsburg, results show, that environmental costs of 140.6 Million € arise from traffic in the city per year. These costs are entirely attributable to car traffic (77.7%), truck traffic (19.8%) and motorcycle traffic (1.9%), as public transport in Augsburg is climate neutral. Further, traffic on municipal roads in Augsburg causes a loss of 212.3 DALYs per year, which equals to annual social costs of 27.2 Million €. Cars account for 63.2% of those, trucks for 33.8%, motorcycles for 2.3% and buses for 0.2%, respectively. With a proportion of passenger kilometers of 90.4% from cars, 6.1% from motorcycles and 3.6% from buses, it is evident that cars contribute disproportionately to the environmental and social costs of Augsburg's traffic.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The social and economic follow-up costs of transport in the city of Augsburg are currently not borne by the polluter. Their great amount encourages measures, such as reinforcing the use of bicycles or public transport, eventually facilitating a change towards sustainable traffic in Augsburg.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>Cropper, Maureen; Khanna, Shefali (2014): How Should the World Bank Estimate Air Pollution Damages? In Resources for the Future Discussion Paper, pp. 14–30.</p> <p>Daroudi, Rajabali; Faramarzi, Ahmad; Akbari Sari, Ali; Nahvijou, Azin (2019): Cost Per Daly Averted in Low, Middle and High Income Countries: Evidence from Global Burden of Disease Study to Estimate the Cost Effectiveness Thresholds. In SSRN Journal.</p> <p>Matthey, Astrid; Bünger, Björn (2019): Methodenkonvention 3.0 zur Ermittlung von Umweltkosten – Kostensätze. Edited by Umweltbundesamt. Available online at https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/1410/publikationen/2019-02-11_methodenkonvention-3-0_kostensaetze_korr.pdf, checked on 10/29/2020.</p> <p>Spengler, Hannes (2004): Kompensatorische Lohndifferenziale und der Wert eines statistischen Lebens in Deutschland. In Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung-Journal for Labour Market Research 37 (3), pp. 269–305.</p> <p>van Essen, Huib; van Wijngaarden, Lisanne, Schroten, Arno; Sutter, Daniel; Bieler, Cuno; Maffii, Silvia; Brambilla, Marco et al. (2019): Handbook on the external costs of transport. Edited by CE Delft. Available online at https://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/studies/internalisation-handbook-isbn-978-92-79-96917-1.pdf, checked on 10/29/2020.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluasi Taman R.A Kartini Sebagai Fungsi Sosial Bagi Komunitas Kreatif di Kota Cimahi

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Wida Oktavia Suciyani ◽  
Husna Candranurani Oktavia
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
Three Dimensional Measurement ◽  
The City ◽  
City Park

ABSTRACTOne of the parks that became a priority in the Cimahi City Park facilities and utilities development program is Kartini Park. Besides an ecological function, Kartini Park has a social function to accommodate the activities of various creative communities in the City of Cimahi. The problem arises that the park does not have a specific theme to support the community, that make Kartini park hasn’t had a special attractiveness for the society or the creative community in the neighborhood.  The purpose of this research is to evaluate the social function of Kartini Park that measured based on the three-dimensional measurement of social integration in public space : structural, interactive and subjective. The study used qualitative and quantitative methods with data collection through field observations, interviews, documentation and distribution of questionnaires to the park user community by using accidental sampling. The results based on structural dimensions in the form of accessibility indicate the location of Kartini park located in a strategic area, the types of activities carried out in the park have adjusted to zoning and have involved community participation in the interactive dimension. The subjective dimension shows the highest level of community satisfaction is the safety indicator and the lowest satisfaction level is the completeness indicator of the facility.Keywords: urban garden, social function, creative communityABSTRAKSalah satu taman yang menjadi prioritas pada program pengembangan fasilitas dan utilitas taman Kota Cimahi adalah taman Kartini. Selain memiliki fungsi ekologis, Taman Kartini memiliki fungsi sosial untuk mewadahi aktivtas dari berbagai komunitaskreatif yang ada di Kota Cimahi. Permasalahan yang timbul menunjukkan bahwa taman tersebut belum memiliki tema yang spesifik untuk mewadahi komunitas, sehingga taman Kartini belum memiliki daya tarik khusus bagi masyarakat maupun komunitas kreatif di lingkungan sekitar. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengevaluasi fungsi sosial taman Kartini Kota Cimahi yang diukur berdasarkan tiga dimensi pengukuran integrasi sosial dalam kajian ruang publik meliputi: struktural, interaktif dan subjektif. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, dokumentasi dan penyebaran kuesioner pada komunitas pengguna taman dengan menggunakan accidental sampling. Hasil evaluasi berdasarkan dimensi struktural berupa aksesibilitas menunjukkan lokasi taman Kartini berada pada kawasan strategis, jenis aktivitas yang dilakukan di taman telah menyesuaikan dengan zonasi dan telah melibatkan partisipasi masyarakat pada dimensi interaktif. Dimensi subjektif menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan komunita syang tertinggi adalah indikator keamanan dan tingkat kepuasan terendah pada indikator kelengkapan fasilitas.Kata Kunci: Taman Kota, Fungsi Sosial, Komunitas Kreatif

scholarly journals MANSIONS AND RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS OF NOVOCHERKASSK 1900–1910

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
A. Ivanova-Ilyicheva ◽  
N. Orekhov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Dwelling House ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Folk Tradition ◽  
The City

Mansions and individual residential houses of the early XX century form the basis of the historical center of Novocherkassk. The building of the city harmoniously combines features of traditional Cossack housing and adherence to the capital's architectural fashion, imitation of St. Petersburg. The history of the formation of the city, the social structure of the population, economy and culture determined the features of its architecture. In preparing the article, the methods of field and historical archival research, comparative analysis of works and their details, the method of analogies are used. A comprehensive analysis of typical objects – the mansion of G.M. Salnikov, the Shamarins' mansion, the house of the ataman A.V. Samsonov, residential buildings of the military master V.A. Ratchenkov and the сossack I.A. Suslova. The space-planning, compositional, architectural and artistic features of Novocherkassk mansions and residential buildings in the 1900–1910 s are identified. The authors present the patterns of location of two types of housing in the structure of the city. The tendencies of the Art Nouveau style in the mansions are revealed. A comparative analysis of the functional planning organization and artistic-figurative solution of the Cossack kuren and the city dwelling house is carried out. The study shows the influence of two trends on the residential architecture of Novocherkassk in 1900–1910 – the capital's professional design practice and the local folk tradition.

scholarly journals Dominant Factors of Positive Impact of Ownership of Work Competency Certificate in Craftsman' Perception

Jurnal PenSil ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Huda Darussyafa ◽  
Irika Widiasanti ◽  
Anisah
Keyword(s):  
Work Ability ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

This study aims to determine the dominant factor of the positive impact of ownership of work competency certificates in the perception of artisan on highrise building projects in the city of South Jakarta. Based on existing data the number of workers who already have work competency certificates is still very minimal. That is caused by several factors, namely the process of implementing certification which is considered complicated to the cost which is considered expensive. But behind these constraints, work competency certificates can have a positive impact on construction workers who have them. In this study conducted by quantitative methods by analyzing the percentage of respondents' perceptions. This research was carried out on the Cithaland Tower project, Alamanda Tower, Dharmawangsa Office Tower. The total number of respondents to be studied is 44 people. In this study the dominant factor studied was measured through four indicators namely work motivation, work productivity, work ability and competitiveness. With each percentage acquisition namely for Work Motivation 26.44%, Work Productivity 24.40%, Work Ability 24.66%, and Competitiveness 24.50%. Of the four indicators there is one indicator with the highest percentage and is the most dominant factor, namely the Work Motivation indicator with a percentage of 26.44%.

Estimating the Costs of Hip Fracture and Potential Savings

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Zethraeus ◽  
Ulf-G Gerdtham
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Hip Fracture Surgery ◽  
Social Welfare System ◽  
The Social ◽  
System Data ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City ◽  
Fracture Surgery ◽  
Average Woman

AbstractThis paper examines the determinants of hip fracture costs and further evaluates potential savings in costs when the occurrence of hip fracture is prevented. The costs of hip fracture are comprised of direct costs from health care and the social welfare system. Data were collected for 1,080 postmenopausal women admitted from private residence for primary hip fracture surgery during the year of 1992 in the city of Stockholm, Sweden. It was found that the cost of hip fracture is significantly related to age, mortality the year after a fracture, type of fracture, costs 1 year before a fracture, and hospital admission. The savings in direct costs for an average woman surviving the year after a fracture amount to SEK 210,000.

scholarly journals Concretes with nanoadditive of fired recycled concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 245-249
Author(s):  
B.V. Gusev ◽  
V.D. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V.A. Potapova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Cost Of Materials ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City ◽  
Mineral Additives

The practice of using recycled concrete from the broken concrete of substandard reinforced concrete products can become widespread in practice. The undoubted relevance of this topic is explained by the program for the renovation of the housing stock in the city of Moscow, which provides for the demolition of 5-storey residential buildings until 2032. The problem of recycling and reuse of construction waste becomes obvious to improve the environmental situation, as well as to reduce the cost of materials in construction and preserve natural resources. The article deals with the nanostructuring of cement systems by means of introduction of ultra- and nanodispersed mineral additives. In this case, additional grinding of mineral additives is carried out in cavitation units. Nanostructuring provides the compaction of concrete structures and an increase in the strength properties of concrete.

scholarly journals Digital Community Social Capital (Case Study on Increasing the Popularity of Millennial Youtubers in Makassar City)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-80
Author(s):  
Andry Wijaya ◽  
Suparman Abdullah ◽  
Rahmad Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Digital Community ◽  
Internet Media ◽  
The Social ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

One of the global developments that is fast and has quite an impact on the pattern of people's lives is developments in the field of technology and information, namely through the internet. YouTube has become an internet media that is in demand by various audiences around the world. Disbursing youtube adsense is fairly complicated, but the work as a youtuber is currently in great demand by Millennials. Youtuber is a new job that is synonymous with Millennials in this 4.0 industrial era. This study aims to determine the use of social capital trust by youtubers in increasing popularity, as well as to determine the use of social capital linking youtubers in increasing popularity. This study uses a qualitative approach, with informants namely millennial youtubers who live in the city of Makassar. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation, with data analysis techniques using: data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions and verification. The results of the study show that trust social capital is widely used by youtubers to increase their popularity, in this case increasing the number of subscribers and viewers on their youtube channel. Many YouTubers use social capital linking or networks to increase the number of subscribers and viewers. The social capital of the network used is by utilizing the friendship and community of YouTubers in the process of designing content, taking videos, editing to uploading videos and socializing YouTube channels in order to minimize the cost of managing YouTube channels for YouTubers

scholarly journals BANTUAN PEMBANGUNAN RUSUNAWA PADA LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN TINGGI

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Raflis Raflis
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Uniform Design ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cost Of Education ◽  
The Cost

With the issuance of Law Number 16 of 1985 concerning Flats, Draft General Guidelines for Compilation and Submission of Proposals for Development of Flats for Higher Education Number 1 of 2006 and Regulation of the State Minister of Public Housing Number 9/PERMEN/M/2008 concerning Guidelines for Assistance for Flats Development Simple rent (Rusunawa) at Higher Education Institutions and Boarding Education Institutions, so students can breathe a little easier to reduce the cost of education. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the use of flats in universities.The research approach used in this research is a quantitative approach and a qualitative approach. Quantitative methods emphasize the existence of variables as objects of research and these variables must be defined in the form of the operationalization of each variable. This research is an ex facto research because it is carried out after all events have taken place.The results of this study indicate that so far the utilization of the building has not been optimal. This is because the building design does not match the habits of building users, even though the building design is a uniform design from the rusunawa construction aid provider. Moreover, other regions have different local wisdom according to the characteristics of each region.

scholarly journals Pesantren dan Kewirausahaan (Studi terhadap Pesantren Darul Khair Masing Kabupaten Banggai)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-168
Author(s):  
Israfil Israfil
Keyword(s):  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Teacher Salaries ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Business Results ◽  
Financial Costs ◽  
Cost Of Education ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

Abstract. Like a pesantren in a rural area with minimal facilities and infrastructure, away from the hustle and bustle of the city, and not burdening the cost of education to santrinya, of course, required a leader figure to initiate entrepreneurship to develop the empowerment of boarding. This study aims to determine the empowerment of pesantren through entrepreneurship developed. This research is qualitative descriptive research with method of data settlement through interview, observation involve, and documentation study. The results show the form of entrepreneurship developed in Pesantren Darul Khair Each in the form of carpentry business, cattle farming, plantation, rice fields and pesantren co-operatives. All business assets and business results to the foundation periodically every month. Allotment is used for the financial costs of boarding schools such as the cost of building and dormitory, electricity payment, air taps, telephone every month, the welfare of its managers such as teacher salaries, the cost of education of three teachers in Java, assisting extracurricular activities of santri and daily consumption of santri hostel.Keywords: economy, entrepreneurship, pesantren.

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