TERATOMA  OF THE KIDNEY: A RARE CASE OF EXTRAGONADAL GERM CELL TUMOR

For the first time, a clinical observation of a rare case of a mature teratoma of the kidney in a child aged 5 months is presented in domestic literature. A literature review is given on this topic. The clinical picture, characteristic signs of a tumor during ultrasound and X-ray computed tomography, the results of a surgical procedure receive full coverage. Special attention is paid to the morphological characteristics of a mature teratoma.

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Testicular seminoma in the aged rat visualized by phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography

Acta Radiologica Open ◽

10.1177/2058460118806657 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 205846011880665

Author(s):

Thet-Thet-Lwin ◽

Akio Yoneyama ◽

Motoki Imai ◽

Hiroko Maruyama ◽

Kazuyuki Hyodo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Phase Contrast ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Cellular Structures ◽

Image Generation ◽

Testicular Seminoma ◽

Aged Rat ◽

X Ray ◽

Cystic Changes ◽

X Ray Computed

Spontaneously growing testicular seminoma in the aged rat was imaged by one of the most sensitive imaging modalities, namely, phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography (CT) with crystal X-ray interferometry. Phase-contrast X-ray CT clearly depicted the detailed inner structures of the tumor and provided 20× magnified images compared to light-microscopic images. Phase-contrast X-ray CT images are generated based on density variations in the object, whereas pathological images are based on differentiation of cellular structures, such as the cellular nuclei and cytoplasm. The mechanism of image generation differs between the two techniques: phase-contrast X-ray CT detects even minute differences in the density among pathological structures, depending, for example, on the number and sizes of the nuclei, variations of the cytoplasmic components, and presence/absence of fibrous septa, cystic changes, and hemorrhage. Thus, phase-contrast X-ray CT with a spatial resolution of 26 µm might allow prediction of the morphological characteristics of a tumor even before histopathological processing.

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The anatomy of the palate in Early Triassic Chaohusaurus brevifemoralis (Reptilia: Ichthyosauriformes) based on digital reconstruction

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.11727 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e11727

Author(s):

Ya-Lei Yin ◽

Cheng Ji ◽

Min Zhou

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

High Resolution ◽

Ct Scanning ◽

Lower Triassic ◽

Early Triassic ◽

Single Row ◽

X Ray ◽

Digital Reconstruction ◽

X Ray Computed ◽

First Time

The palatal anatomy of ichthyosauriforms remains largely unknown. Here, the complete palate of the early-branching ichthyosauriform Chaohusaurus brevifemoralis is reconstructed and described for the first time with the assistance of high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning on the basis of the three-dimensionally preserved skull of its paratype (GMPKU-P-3086) from the Lower Triassic of South China. The reconstruction reveals new palatal features of C. brevifemoralis. The palatine contacts the jugal directly, which is observed in ichthyosauriforms for the first time. A single row of denticles is present on each side of the palate. The vomer exceeds the anterior and posterior margins of the internal naris. The pterygoid is posterior to the internal naris. The epipterygoid is present and the ectopterygoid is absent.

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Bimodal Nd-Doped LuVO4 Nanoprobes Functionalized with Polyacrilic Acid for X-Ray Computed Tomography and NIR Luminescent Imaging

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano10010149 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 149 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nuria O Nuñez ◽

Fernando Cussó ◽

Eugenio Cantelar ◽

Beatriz Martin-Gracia ◽

Jesús M de la Fuente ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Colloidal Stability ◽

Near Infrared ◽

High Cell ◽

X Ray ◽

Time In Literature ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Intense Luminescence ◽

X Ray Computed ◽

First Time

Uniform Nd3+-doped LuVO4 nanophosphors have been synthesized for the first time in literature by using a poliol-based method at 120 °C from Nd3+ and vanadate precursors. After optimizing the Nd doping level, these phosphors present intense luminescence in the near-infrared biological windows. The X-ray attenuation capacity of the optimum nanophosphor has been found to be higher than that of a commercial X-ray computed tomography contrast agent. After surface coating with polyacrylic acid, such nanoparticles present high colloidal stability in physiological pH medium and high cell viability. Because of these properties, the developed Nd3+-doped LuVO4 nanoparticles have potential applications as a bimodal probe for NIR luminescent bioimaging and X-ray computed tomography.

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X-ray computed tomography as a method of reconstruction of 3d-characteristics of disseminated sulfides and spinel in plagiodunites from the Yoko-Dovyren intrusion

Петрология ◽

10.31857/s0869-5903274401-419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 401-419

Author(s):

D. V. Korost ◽

A. A. Ariskin ◽

I. V. Pshenitsyn ◽

A. N. Khomyak

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

3D Models ◽

Statistical Characteristics ◽

Ultramafic Rocks ◽

Reliable Technique ◽

X Ray ◽

Mineral Phases ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

X Ray Computed

The paper describes a methodology of applying X-ray computed tomography (CT) in studying textural–morphological characteristics of sulfide-bearing ultramafic rocks from the Yoko-Dovyren layered massif in the northern Baikal area, Buryatia, Russia. The dunites are used to illustrate the applicability of a reliable technique for distinguishing between grains of sulfides and spinel. The technique enables obtaining statistical characteristics of the 3D distribution and size of the mineral phases. The method of 3D reconstructions is demonstrated to be applicable at very low concentrations of sulfides: no than 0.1–0.2 vol %. Differences between 3D models are determined for sulfide segregations of different size, in some instances with features of their orientation suggesting the direction of percolation and accumulation of the sulfide liquids. These data are consistent with the morphology of the largest sulfide segregations, whose concave parts adjoin the surface of the cumulus olivine and simultaneously grow into grains of the poikilitic plagioclase. Detailed information of these features is useful to identify fingerprints of infiltration and concentration of protosulfide liquids in highly crystallized cumulate systems.

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Application of 3-D X-Ray Computed Tomography for the In Situ Visualization of the SiC Crystal Growth Interface during PVT Bulk Growth

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.740-742.27 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 740-742 ◽

pp. 27-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Georg Neubauer ◽

Michael Salamon ◽

Florian Roider ◽

Norman Uhlmann ◽

Peter J. Wellmann

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Crystal Growth ◽

Vapor Transport ◽

Growth Interface ◽

X Ray ◽

Bulk Growth ◽

Growth System ◽

X Ray Computed ◽

First Time

In this paper, we present for the first time an in-situ 3-D reconstruction of the SiC crystal growth interface using X-ray computed tomography (CT). We show that the shape of the growth interface can be determined with high precision at growth temperatures above 2100 °C in a conventional 3” PVT (physical vapor transport) growth system.

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The Use of X-ray Computed Tomography to Assess the Intrathyroidal Iodine Concentration and its Storage in the Thyroid Gland

Medical Radiology and radiation safety ◽

10.12737/1024-6177-2020-65-3-73-76 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 73-76

Author(s):

I. Tomashevskiy ◽

I. Kurnikova ◽

R. Sargar

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Thyroid Gland ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Functional Impairment ◽

Iodine Concentration ◽

The Body ◽

X Ray ◽

Iodine Prophylaxis ◽

X Ray Computed ◽

First Time

In this lecture, the need of using X-ray computed tomography (CT) to assess the intrathyroidal iodine concentration and its storage in the thyroid gland has being discussed. Due to the fact that 80 % of intrathyroidal iodine is located in the phenolic ring of thyroid hormones, which are structurally located in colloid-thyroglobulin follicles as a hormonal depot, the parameter of intrathyroidal iodine (PII) is an indicator of the stores of iodine-containing thyroid hormones directly in the organ. A decrease in intrathyroidal iodine indicates a significant functional impairment of storing thyroid hormones in the colloid of thyroglobulin of the thyroid follicles and is an early highly accurate prognostic sign of the formation of gland dysfunction. Due to the compensatory capabilities of the body, this dysfunction may appear late onset (for example, 2 months after detecting a decrease in intrathyroidal iodine). The most convenient and affordable method for determining intrathyroidal iodine is CT with two types of tomographs: 1) standard by which intrathyroidal iodine is determined by the density of the thyroid gland in Hounsfield units (HU); 2) tomographs with the option of assessing the concentration of intrathyroidal iodine (CII) in the most common units of measurement – mg/g or μg/g (used since 2016). If necessary, the conversion of some units of intrathyroidal iodine to others has the formula: CII (in μg/g) = ([density in HU] – 65) / 104. Based on the literature and our own research results, for the first time, we calculated the limits of normal intrathyroidal iodine fluctuations in euthyroid individuals, which are 85–140 HU units or 200–700 μg/g intrathyroidal iodine. Identification of the examined intrathyroidal iodine beyond the indicated fluctuations indicates the functional impairment of storing thyroid hormones, which ultimately will lead to hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism (except when the patient is taking levothyroxine, mercazole, β-blockers – drugs that reduce intrathyroidal iodine). For the first time, an algorithm is presented for differential diagnosis of iodine-deficient and iodine-induced thyroid dysfunctions, which can only be done using CT: if there is a functional impairment of the thyroid gland with intrathyroidal iodinelevel less than 85 units of HU or 200 μg/g CII, then it is considered iodine deficient; with intrathyroidal iodinelevel more than 140 units of HU or 700 μg/g of CII, it is considered iodine-induced. The algorithm for the prevention of iodine-induced thyroid pathology with iodine prophylaxis is that iodine prophylaxis should not be prescribed or continued when intrathyroidal iodinelevel is 140 units of HU or 700 μg/g of CII or more.

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High-resolution X-ray computed tomography of an extant new Donuea (Araneae: Liocranidae) species in Madagascan copal

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2427.1.3 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2427 (1) ◽

pp. 25 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

JAN BOSSELAERS ◽

MANUEL DIERICK ◽

VEERLE CNUDDE ◽

BERT MASSCHAELE ◽

LUC VAN HOOREBEKE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

High Resolution ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Spider Species ◽

X Ray ◽

Fresh Material ◽

Extant Species ◽

X Ray Computed ◽

Area X ◽

First Time

A new extant Donuea (Liocranidae) species is described from Madagascar, from both alcohol preserved fresh material and also as a subfossil in copal from the Sambava area. X-ray micro computed tomography was used to visualise minute details of the male palp of the copal specimen in order to confirm conspecificity. This is the first time a new spider species discovered in Madagascan copal can immediately be demonstrated as belonging to an extant species.

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