scholarly journals Bulling and Cyberbullying: Problem of the Modern Teenager

2021 ◽  
pp. 413-419
Author(s):  
E. V. Anufrieva ◽  
E. S. Naboychenko ◽  
O. P. Kovtun
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Background. Russia is one of the top ten European countries with high level of bullying and ranks second in cyberbullying among adolescents. Involvement in bullying and virtual aggression has immediate and long-term consequences for all parties to the conflict, including witnesses. Immediate consequences can be manifested as violation in adaptation and socialization of children and adolescents; long-term consequences can be mental disorders in emotionally labile schoolchildren. School bullying is always distinguished by its cruelty and intransigence.Objective. The aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence of bullying and cyberbullying among boys and girls aged 11, 13 and 15 years studying in educational organizations in Yekaterinburg and to create the complex of preventive guidelines.Methods. Sociological cross-sectional study was carried out using the questionnaire with questions from the international questionnaire Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC). Analysis of the results was carried out for different age and gender groups, the results of comparative analysis with the data of the international HBSC study are also presented.Results. The main characteristics of bullying are presented: prevalence, age and social features. High involvement of adolescents in bullying (11.7%) and cyberbullying (18.2%) was revealed. The ratio of adolescents who have repeatedly been the victims of physical, psychological and virtual aggression was significantly higher (21.7 and 31.8%, respectively). Boys are more likely to be aggressors and victims of abusive behaviour (physical and psychological aggression) than girls. Moreover, number of schoolchildren who became victims of bullying decreases with age, this indicator is more significant among boys, while the number of cyberbullying victims increases among older adolescents.Conclusion. The high prevalence of bullying in adolescents has negative impact on both, victims and aggressors. Bullying affects the physical and mental health of children and adolescents, leads to psychological and social maladaptation, as well as the development of sustainable models of problematic and most often aggressive behavior. Educational organizations have to become the basis for implementation of future programs on bullying and cyberbullying prevention. They should not only provide safe environment but also help children to establish open and friendly relationship with peers and adults and to clearly understand their actions and their consequences.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study on prevalence and consequences of screen time on physical and mental health in children in the era of COVID-19

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Neha Thakur (Rai) ◽  
Arvind Kumar Singh ◽  
Narendra Rai ◽  
Devesh Kumar Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Background: With the ongoing growth and expansion of digital media and COVID-19 pandemic, children are inclining more and more toward spending time on digital media as compared to outdoor sports, leading to poor physical and mental growth. Developed nations have already set up a screen time guideline which is yet to be established in developing nations. This study was conducted with the objectives of identifying the needs of screen time guidelines and to study the impact of screen time on mental and physical health in children. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to check the screen time in children aged 2–18 and find the health consequences both physical and psychological in those children. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study on children aged 2–18 years was conducted between 2019 and 2020. Parents were asked to fill a pre-structured questionnaire. Impact on health physical and mental were assessed by pediatrician and psychologist. Results: A total of 155 children were enrolled in the study. Mean child hours in children aged 2–5 years, 5–10 years, and 10–18 years were 4 h, 5.83 h, and 6.29 h on week days and 5.64 h, 5.76 h, and 7.69 h on weekends, respectively. More than one-third of children had age of onset of screen time below 2 years of age. About 70% of children had malnutrition. Only 18% of parents were aware of concept of screen free days. Screen time had negative impact on health (P=0.0001) and on behavior of child (P=0.001). Average increase in screen time during COVID-19 was nearly 3 times the pre-COVID era. Conclusion: This study has paved the way for the need of larger study and development of guidelines on impact of screen time on children in developing nations where screen time guidelines is yet to be set more so in era of COVID 19 pandemic.

scholarly journals What the impact of the economic crisis on the Brazilian’s lifestyle between 2013 and 2016? A long-term trend cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonny Állan Bezerra ◽  
Denilson Menezes Santos ◽  
Michele Maria Oliveira ◽  
Claudia Vanisse Costa ◽  
Elaynne de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Term Trend

Abstract Background: Brazil has been going through a period of economic crisis since 2015 and the impact on health indicators and the quality of life of the most recent crisis is unclear. This study sought to establish a relationship between the impact of the economic crisis experienced by Brazil during the period 2013-2016 and the lifestyle of adult populations in the 27 capitals of the Brazilian state.Results: According to the binary logistic regression model, at least completing secondary education increases the probability of individuals presenting higher LS by 4.9% (OR=1,049, 95% CI 1,029–1,070); being involved in some type of relationship decreases the probability of presenting a higher LS by 5.3% (OR=0.947, 95% CI 0.029-0.965); having an adequate body mass index increases LS by 27.3% (OR=1.273, 95% CI 1,245.10.10). Living in a city with a lower unemployment rate increases the probability of having a higher LS score by 3.8%(OR=1,038, 95% CI 1,012-1.064); living in a city with a more basic food basket decreases the probability of having a higher LS score by 5.4% (OR=0.946, 95% CI 0.910-0.982). Presenting higher yields decreases the probability of having a higher LS by 12% (OR=0.880, 95% CI 0.860-0.900). In addition, there was an increase in the percentage of leisure-time PA in 2015 (20.9%), followed by a decrease to 18.1% in 2016, after a stabilization period in 2013 (19.5%) and 2014 (19.6%). The physical exercise showed a steady annual increase, with a score of 49.6% in 2013, followed by 50.9% and 51.9% in 2014 and 2015, respectively, and ending with 54.5% in 2016. The "Watch TV 5x per week" indicator recorded a sharp drop between 2013 (27.9%) and 2015 (22.7%), as well as the consumption of soft drinks, which went from stable values in 2013 (19.5%) and 2014 (19%) 17.3% in 2015.Conclusion: In the case of Brazil, the economic crisis initially started in 2015 had a negative impact on the population over time, but these effects were only observed in the second year of crisis, being preceded by a temporary improvement of indicators.

The impact of the covid-19 pandemic on child-youth health: a cross- sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
Ammara Waqar ◽  
Bismillah Sehar
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Youth Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's health. Methodology: Study transverse, exploratory and descriptive of character quantitative / qualitative carried through to one questionnaire developed by Google Forms and available on social media with questions about the pandemic impact on the health of children and adolescents. Results and discussion: Of the 200 caregivers who participated, 94.5% were female and 92% mothers, most were married (87.5%) and older than 40 years (61.5%). As for children and adolescents, most were between 8 and 12 years old (38.5%), 50% were female, 78% did not have comorbidities that favored the severity of COVID-19. In relation to the context of the pandemic, 75.5 % reported having one dialogue honest with the child / adolescent about the lived situation and the main feelings were reported: worry, fear, sadness, anxiety, irritability and missed the routine. In relation to behavioral disorders of children and adolescents since the beginning of the pandemic, 73% of the charge stated observe differences in the main was the increase in time in the home (77%). Additionally, other behavioral changes identified in the QUESTIONNAIRE were very relevant as difficulty sleeping (43%) decline in school performance (42 .5 %) and agitation / irritation (42%). With regard to the practice of physical activity, 63% of children practiced before the pandemic, but only 27.7 % continues, besides that sun bath also was taken, because only 43.2% are taking regularly due to COVID 19 SOPs.. conclusion:  we can see that the pandemic has affected directly the behavior of children and adolescents, being necessary attention geared to families with respect to physical and mental health, as well as the expansion of the debate on the theme. Keywords: coronavirus, COVID-19, Pandemic, Family health, Pediatric Health.

scholarly journals Smartphone Addiction among Qatar University Students: A Cross-Sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem Ashour ◽  
Sana Elashie ◽  
Bayan Alkeilan ◽  
Mujahed Shraim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aims: The aim of this study was to: (I) estimate the prevalence of SPA among students in Qatar University (QU); (II) assess the correlation between daily duration of smartphone use (SPU) and SPA; (III) assess the relationship between SPA with (a) current Grade point Average (GPA), (b) psychological distress, and (c) students’ perceived negative impact of SPU on their learning and academic performance, sleep at night, social activity, and physical and mental health. Methods: We used a cross-sectional study using a selfadministered survey to address the aims of the study. An electronic survey was distributed to all QU students registered in the Fall 2019 in addition to a paper survey distribution to fifteen classes, selected at random from all colleges in QU. The survey used smartphone addiction scale (SAS) to measure SPA; General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28) to measure the likelihood of student having “psychological distress”; ten statements to identify students perceived negative impact of SPU on academic performance, sleep at night, physical and mental health, and social activity; current GPA as a measure of academic performance. Descriptive statistics and multivariable linear and logistics regression analyses were performed to analyses the data. The Study was ethically approved QU institutional review Board. Results: A total of 717 students participated in the study. The mean daily duration of SPU among students was 6.5 hours per day (SD= 3.7), and he prevalence of SPA was 59%. Duration of SPU in hours and SPA score (r=0.282, p= <0.001). The prevalence of psychological distress among students was 51.0%. Increase in daily duration of SPU, male gender, presence of psychological stress, not having a chronic disease, and not performing physical exercise in the previous week were independently associated with increased odds of SPA. We found a significant interaction between gender and psychological distress with SPA. Male students with psychological distress were at lower odds of SPA than female students with psychological distress (OR= 0.39; 95% CI 0.17, 0.87). SPA was a statistically significant predictor of all included domains of perceived negative impact of SPU, including sleep at night, learning in class, study time, academic performance, physical and mental health, and social activity. After adjustment for significant variables, students with no SPA had increased odds of having higher current GPA category by 2.04 times (1.05, 3.95) than students with SPA. The characteristics of students did not vary significantly according to survey completion method. The sensitivity analyses showed similar findings between the predictors and the outcome variables in all analyses. Therefore, our sensitivity analyses suggest that our findings are unlikely to have been affected by selection bias, response bias, or social acceptability bias. Conclusion: SPA is highly prevalent among QU students. SPA or longer duration of SPU have negative impact on academic performance, psychological distress, and perceived physical and mental health, and social activity.

scholarly journals Migraine Frequency Decrease Following Prolonged Medical Cannabis Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Aviram ◽  
Yelena Vysotski ◽  
Paula Berman ◽  
Gil M. Lewitus ◽  
Elon Eisenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Cannabis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Migraine Frequency ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Higher Doses

Background: Medical cannabis (MC) treatment for migraine is practically emerging, although sufficient clinical data are not available for this indication. This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study aimed to investigate the associations between phytocannabinoid treatment and migraine frequency. Methods: Participants were migraine patients licensed for MC treatment. Data included self-reported questionnaires and MC treatment features. Patients were retrospectively classified as responders vs. non-responders (≥50% vs. <50% decrease in monthly migraine attacks frequency following MC treatment initiation, respectively). Comparative statistics evaluated differences between these two subgroups. Results: A total of 145 patients (97 females, 67%) with a median MC treatment duration of three years were analyzed. Compared to non-responders, responders (n = 89, 61%) reported lower current migraine disability and lower negative impact, and lower rates of opioid and triptan consumption. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that responders consumed higher doses of the phytocannabinoid ms_373_15c and lower doses of the phytocannabinoid ms_331_18d (3.40 95% CI (1.10 to 12.00); p < 0.01 and 0.22 95% CI (0.05–0.72); p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: These findings indicate that MC results in long-term reduction of migraine frequency in >60% of treated patients and is associated with less disability and lower antimigraine medication intake. They also point to the MC composition, which may be potentially efficacious in migraine patients.

Impact of BMI on Covid-19 Clinical Features and its Management: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1948-1951
Author(s):  
M. Zeeshan Anwar ◽  
Rizwan Masud ◽  
Iffat Rafique ◽  
Syed Anees Ahmad Gardezi ◽  
Matloob ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

The whole world is suffering from COVID-19 pandemic. This disease has halted life and has a negative impact on physical and mental health of all individuals. Objectives: To identify impact of BMI on Covid-19 clinical features and its management in terms of relationship among patients at government hospitals, Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methodology: This study enrolled 206 patients having both genders and was carried at Life Diabetes Centre, Gujrat and CMH Kharian Medical College (CKMC), over a period of 3 months, Kharian-Pakistan following ethical review committee’s (ERC) approval. Statistical analysis: Data was analyzed by SPSS software, version 17. Parameters like age, gender and treatment taken were presented as frequency. Chi square was applied to see the correlation with p-value <0.05 as significant. Results: Total 206 patients were randomly selected, 89 male and 117 females. Among 206, patients (n=133) showed symptoms while rest of the patients (73) remained asymptomatic. There was no association of BMI with COVID-19 symptoms having P-value greater than 0.05. There was an association of BMI with gender as P-value (0.000*). There was an association of BMI with age having P-value (0.000*). Conclusion: From present study, we concluded that there was a correlation between BMI and individuals with higher BMI as they developed more serious symptoms and required active management strategies in comparison to individuals who were either underweight or normal weight. Key Words: Covid-19, BMI, Treatment and Gender.

scholarly journals Long-Term Quality of Life (BREAST-Q) in Patients with Mastectomy and Breast Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9707
Author(s):  
Silvia García-Solbas ◽  
Miguel Ángel Lorenzo-Liñán ◽  
Gracia Castro-Luna
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Reducing

(1) Background: Mastectomy is the surgical treatment of choice in 20–30% of women with breast cancer. In addition, more women are undergoing risk-reducing mastectomies. It is necessary to study these women’s quality of life and satisfaction after surgery, as studies report high percentages of dissatisfaction with the results. The publication of the BREAST-Q© questionnaire in 2009 provided a valuable tool to measure these results. (2) Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study of 70 patients who underwent mastectomy and breast reconstruction, both therapeutic and prophylactic, in the last 10 years to whom the BREAST-Q© 2.0-Reconstruction Module questionnaire was provided for completion. (3) Results: The sexual satisfaction scale was the lowest score of the entire questionnaire (51.84 ± 21.13), while the highest score was obtained on the satisfaction with the surgeon scale (91.86 ± 18.11). The satisfaction with care scales showed the importance of the evaluation of these items for future studies. More than half of the patients of the study (51.5%) underwent at least one reoperation after the first surgery, with an average of one (1.15) intervention per patient and a maximum of five. (4) Conclusions: Mastectomy and breast reconstruction have a high negative impact on the sexual well-being of patients. The high percentage of reoperations is a factor to consider because of its possible influence on these patients’ quality of life and satisfaction.

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