scholarly journals Cross-sectional study on prevalence and consequences of screen time on physical and mental health in children in the era of COVID-19

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Neha Thakur (Rai) ◽  
Arvind Kumar Singh ◽  
Narendra Rai ◽  
Devesh Kumar Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Background: With the ongoing growth and expansion of digital media and COVID-19 pandemic, children are inclining more and more toward spending time on digital media as compared to outdoor sports, leading to poor physical and mental growth. Developed nations have already set up a screen time guideline which is yet to be established in developing nations. This study was conducted with the objectives of identifying the needs of screen time guidelines and to study the impact of screen time on mental and physical health in children. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to check the screen time in children aged 2–18 and find the health consequences both physical and psychological in those children. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study on children aged 2–18 years was conducted between 2019 and 2020. Parents were asked to fill a pre-structured questionnaire. Impact on health physical and mental were assessed by pediatrician and psychologist. Results: A total of 155 children were enrolled in the study. Mean child hours in children aged 2–5 years, 5–10 years, and 10–18 years were 4 h, 5.83 h, and 6.29 h on week days and 5.64 h, 5.76 h, and 7.69 h on weekends, respectively. More than one-third of children had age of onset of screen time below 2 years of age. About 70% of children had malnutrition. Only 18% of parents were aware of concept of screen free days. Screen time had negative impact on health (P=0.0001) and on behavior of child (P=0.001). Average increase in screen time during COVID-19 was nearly 3 times the pre-COVID era. Conclusion: This study has paved the way for the need of larger study and development of guidelines on impact of screen time on children in developing nations where screen time guidelines is yet to be set more so in era of COVID 19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Perception of parents and caregivers regarding the impact of malocclusion on adolescents’ quality of life: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Guimarães Abreu ◽  
Camilo Aquino Melgaço ◽  
Mauro Henrique Abreu ◽  
Elizabeth Maria Bastos Lages ◽  
Saul Martins Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Parents And Caregivers

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this article was to assess the perception of parents and caregivers regarding the impact of malocclusion on adolescents’ oral health -related quality of life (OHRQoL). Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of a sample of 280 parents/caregivers of 11 and 12-year-old adolescents who answered the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ). Parent-assessed quality of life of adolescents was the dependent variable. The main independent variable was adolescents’ malocclusion which was diagnosed by means of the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Based on DAI cut-off points, adolescents were classified into four grades of malocclusion, with different orthodontic treatment recommendations assigned to each grade: no need/slight treatment need, elective treatment, highly desirable treatment and mandatory treatment. Adolescents’ age and sex, as well as family monthly income, were considered as confounding variables. Statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: Of the 280 parents/caregivers initially accepted in this study, 18 refused to answer the P-CPQ. Therefore, 262 individuals participated in this assessment, providing a response rate of 93.5%. The severity of adolescents’ malocclusion was significantly associated with a higher negative impact on parents’/caregivers’ perception on the oral symptoms (p< 0.05), functional limitations (p < 0.001), emotional well-being (p < 0.001), and social well-being (p < 0.001) subscale scores as well as on the overall P-CPQ score (p < 0.001), even after having been adjusted for the controlling variables. Conclusions: Parents/caregivers reported a negative impact of malocclusion on adolescents’ OHRQoL. Increased severity of malocclusion is associated with higher adverse impact on OHRQoL.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Psychological Status of Palestinian Adults in the West Bank, Palestine; A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Imad T. Asmar ◽  
Hani Naseef ◽  
Nimeh Al-Shami ◽  
Maram K. Jaghama ◽  
Abdallah D. Abukhalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
The West ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapid manifestation and spread have disrupted world norms and affected people's daily activities and life. Many ministries chose mass lockdown protocol as a way to control the virus spread. Though this protocol has shown to be effective in limiting the Virus transmission, it might have a negative impact on the population's psychological status, such as boredom, confusion, psychological stress, anxiety, depression, and physical effects. Objective: This study aimed to find the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Palestinian adults' psychological status by assessing the participant's practices, reports of anxiety and depression during the pandemics Methods: An observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among Palestinian adults in the West Bank, at the occupied Palestinian territories, between July and September 2020. The questionnaire was structured into two domains: the first domain includes nine questions about sociodemographic data. The second consisted of 33 (yes and no) questions evaluating the participant's psychological status. Results: 739 participants with a mean age of 31.76, filled the online questionnaire. Around one-third of respondents revealed having many signs of anxiety, and around 42% of respondents expressed having many signs of depression. Females were significantly more likely to have signs of depression, whereas front-line COVID-19 health care workers were significantly the least likely to have signs of depression and no signs of depression were found among participants with high incomes. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic has a negative effect on mental status; most participants have signs of anxiety and depression.

The impact of the covid-19 pandemic on child-youth health: a cross- sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
Ammara Waqar ◽  
Bismillah Sehar
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Youth Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's health. Methodology: Study transverse, exploratory and descriptive of character quantitative / qualitative carried through to one questionnaire developed by Google Forms and available on social media with questions about the pandemic impact on the health of children and adolescents. Results and discussion: Of the 200 caregivers who participated, 94.5% were female and 92% mothers, most were married (87.5%) and older than 40 years (61.5%). As for children and adolescents, most were between 8 and 12 years old (38.5%), 50% were female, 78% did not have comorbidities that favored the severity of COVID-19. In relation to the context of the pandemic, 75.5 % reported having one dialogue honest with the child / adolescent about the lived situation and the main feelings were reported: worry, fear, sadness, anxiety, irritability and missed the routine. In relation to behavioral disorders of children and adolescents since the beginning of the pandemic, 73% of the charge stated observe differences in the main was the increase in time in the home (77%). Additionally, other behavioral changes identified in the QUESTIONNAIRE were very relevant as difficulty sleeping (43%) decline in school performance (42 .5 %) and agitation / irritation (42%). With regard to the practice of physical activity, 63% of children practiced before the pandemic, but only 27.7 % continues, besides that sun bath also was taken, because only 43.2% are taking regularly due to COVID 19 SOPs.. conclusion:  we can see that the pandemic has affected directly the behavior of children and adolescents, being necessary attention geared to families with respect to physical and mental health, as well as the expansion of the debate on the theme. Keywords: coronavirus, COVID-19, Pandemic, Family health, Pediatric Health.

Promoting Constructive Deviance as an Antidote to Organizational Stress

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-158
Author(s):  
Naval Garg ◽  
Anubhuti Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Organizational Stress ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sales Professionals ◽  
General Strain ◽  
The Impact

Constructive deviance has grabbed the attention of many firms as a more valuable research area. The potential for research in this area is huge as more researchers are actively contributing towards this topic. In this chapter, the authors aim to explore the impact of occupational stress on constructive deviant behavior among sales professionals by employing the general strain theory. Prior research has indicated sales profession to be highly stressful. The literature on stress suggests that stress doesn't only lead to negative impact on organizations, but it can be beneficial too. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the sample included 247 sales professionals working in various firms in Delhi NCR. All of the participants were chosen by random sampling method. It has been found that stress has a significant impact on constructive deviant behavior among sales professionals. The implications and limitations of these findings are discussed.

P0593INCIDENCE AND IMPACT OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY (AKI) IN A THIRD LEVEL HOSPITAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenceslao Aguilera Morales ◽  
Alfonso Lara Ruiz ◽  
Irene Díaz Díez ◽  
Marina Almenara Tejederas ◽  
Mercedes Salgueira Lazo
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Units ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Level Hospital

Abstract Background and Aims The AKI index is increasing, reaching 22% in hospitalized patients. Despite the negative impact it implies, in daily practice its management remains suboptimal and there is little awareness of the problem. Aims: Know the incidence of AKI in a Third-level hospital; its impact on mortality, average stay and associated costs. Method Descriptive cross-sectional study of data extracted from CMBDA corresponding to a third level hospital during 2016-17. We analyze: hospitalization episodes, referral assistance units, AKI episodes at discharge, stays and exitus. To calculate associated costs, we use as reference the costs/day-hospitalization per Healthcare Unit in SAS according to BOJA-Number 218 (14nov2016). We compare groups according to presence/no AKI. Limitations: These data may be underestimated since the diagnosis of AKI may be present and not reported upon discharge; Nor do we include dialysis costs. Results 56,816 revenues were produced; 3,589 reported AKI (incidence: 6.31%). Patients with AKI add 42,801 stays; Average stay of 18.4 days in 2016, 16.4 in 2017, compared to 6.6 and 8.7 days respectively when FRA is not associated (p &lt;0.01). The estimated costs associated with the FRA were 22,815,558 euros, with a cost / episode of 6023 euros, compared to 3523 euros in patients without FRA. The overall associated mortality AKI was 23.2% vs 11% in the rest (p &lt;0.01). Average stay, costs and mortality vary widely according to the Assistance Units, the impact being especially worrying in Surgical Units (table). Conclusion The incidence of AKI in our hospital lower than that referred to in the literature probably responds to inadequate registration in discharge reports. Despite the limitations, our data demonstrate the impact of the diagnosis of AKI in hospitalized patients, doubling the average stay, costs and mortality. These differences are accentuated in some Assistance Units, being especially alarming in Surgical Units.

Impact of BMI on Covid-19 Clinical Features and its Management: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1948-1951
Author(s):  
M. Zeeshan Anwar ◽  
Rizwan Masud ◽  
Iffat Rafique ◽  
Syed Anees Ahmad Gardezi ◽  
Matloob ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

The whole world is suffering from COVID-19 pandemic. This disease has halted life and has a negative impact on physical and mental health of all individuals. Objectives: To identify impact of BMI on Covid-19 clinical features and its management in terms of relationship among patients at government hospitals, Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methodology: This study enrolled 206 patients having both genders and was carried at Life Diabetes Centre, Gujrat and CMH Kharian Medical College (CKMC), over a period of 3 months, Kharian-Pakistan following ethical review committee’s (ERC) approval. Statistical analysis: Data was analyzed by SPSS software, version 17. Parameters like age, gender and treatment taken were presented as frequency. Chi square was applied to see the correlation with p-value <0.05 as significant. Results: Total 206 patients were randomly selected, 89 male and 117 females. Among 206, patients (n=133) showed symptoms while rest of the patients (73) remained asymptomatic. There was no association of BMI with COVID-19 symptoms having P-value greater than 0.05. There was an association of BMI with gender as P-value (0.000*). There was an association of BMI with age having P-value (0.000*). Conclusion: From present study, we concluded that there was a correlation between BMI and individuals with higher BMI as they developed more serious symptoms and required active management strategies in comparison to individuals who were either underweight or normal weight. Key Words: Covid-19, BMI, Treatment and Gender.

scholarly journals Identification of the most vulnerable populations in the psychosocial sphere: a cross-sectional study conducted in Catalonia during the strict lockdown imposed against the COVID-19 pandemic

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e052140
Author(s):  
Judith Farrés ◽  
Jose Luis Ruiz ◽  
Jose Manuel Mas ◽  
Lilibeth Arias ◽  
Maria-Rosa Sarrias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Design and objectivesA cross-sectional study to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the psychosocial sphere in both the general population and healthcare workers (HCWs).MethodsThe study was conducted in Catalonia (Spain) during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic when strict lockdown was in force. The study population included all people aged over 16 years who consented to participate in the study and completed the survey, in this case a 74-question questionnaire shared via social media using snowball sampling. A total of 56 656 completed survey questionnaires were obtained between 3 and 19 April 2020.The primary and secondary outcome measures included descriptive statistics for the non-psychological questions and the psychological impact of the pandemic, such as depression, anxiety, stress and post-traumatic stress disorder question scores.ResultsA n early and markedly negative impact on family finances, fear of working with COVID-19 patients and ethical issues related to COVID-19 care among HCWs was observed. A total of seven target groups at higher risk of impaired mental health and which may therefore benefit from an intervention were identified, namely women, subjects aged less than 42 years, people with a care burden, socioeconomically deprived groups, people with unskilled or unqualified jobs, patients with COVID-19 and HCWs working with patients with COVID-19.ConclusionsActive implementation of specific strategies to increase resilience and to prepare an adequate organisational response should be encouraged for the seven groups identified as high risk and susceptible to benefit from an intervention.Trial registration numberNCT04378452.

scholarly journals Assessing the usage of screen based media and screen time among adolescents in Mysuru: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2233
Author(s):  
G. Shwetha ◽  
Sunil Kumar Doddaiah ◽  
Anil S. Bilimale ◽  
M. R. Narayana Murthy
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
The Impact

Background: Media is one of the important parts of the life of school children, especially those aged between 13 to 17 years. It has both positive and negative impacts on children. It affects both physical and mental health; there will be a prominent impact on their studies also. Nowadays everyone has the accessibility of television, mobile, etc in India. This study mainly aims to assess the impact of screen-based media (SBM) and screen time among middle adolescents and the association of socio-demographic status with the usage of SBM.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Government and Private schools of Mysuru district from November to December 2019. The study included 180 school children between the age group of 13 to 17 years through simple random sampling. A semi-structured interview questionnaire was used.Results: Mobile formed the maximum used SBM. Out of the total screen time, time contributed by television 90.5%, mobile 95.6%, and both television and mobile 91.7% will be more followed by other SBM. The proportion of children having the screen time of maybe 3 hrs was found to be 25.6% and more than 3 hrs was 5.9% among the total study population. There is an association between SBM usage and the socio-demographic status i.e. age, type of family, father's education, and father occupation with the statistical significance of p value <0.05.Conclusions: According to the current study, there is a high proportion of school children using SBM. So, there is a need to create awareness regarding the use of SBM and its impact on children among parents, teachers, and children.

scholarly journals Impact of the use of sexual material and online sexual activity during preventive social isolation due to COVID-19

Salud Mental ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
José Luis Hernández-Torres ◽  
Nancy Rodríguez-Vázquez ◽  
Roxana Martínez-Cervantes ◽  
Adriana Mayela Cárdenas-Cortés ◽  
Dafne Astrid Gómez-Melasio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Preventive social isolation due to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has represented one of the greatest health challenges of the last decades worldwide. As a result of social isolation, the consumption of information in digital media, such as the use of online sexual material, has increased, leading to risky sexual behavior in young people. Objective. To quantify the impact on the use and type of online sexual material and to determine the predictors of online sexual activity in people in preventive social isolation due to COVID-19. Method. Multivariate cross-sectional study; 385 participants were studied and contacted through an online survey. Results. Internet pages and social networks are the main platforms for the use of online sexual material, and its consumption was more frequent in those who had more days of preventive social isolation. Predictors of sexual activity were cybersex (β = .38), excitation (β = .36), masturbation (β = .34), and adventure (β = .33), which were found to be statistically significant (p ˂ .001). Discussion and conclusion. Privacy plays an important role in the use of online sexual material and activities, and greater consumption can be found in intimacy. It is important to be alert to the effects of the pandemic on sexual risk behavior and further research is needed.

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