scholarly journals Development and performance evaluation of pedal operated dehuller for black soybean

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251
Author(s):  
Gurupreet Singh ◽  
Khan Chand
Keyword(s):  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Black Soybean ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Main Disadvantage ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Dehulling Efficiency

Black soybean is a food source which contains high quality protein and does not contain cholesterol and saturated fatty acids. It is rich in vitamin and minerals and has significant medicinal effect. In India, traditional method of dehusking the black soybean is hand operated grindstone (Chakki). In grindstone, main disadvantage is the incomplete dehulling of the beans. This method of dehusking is also tedious and time consuming process. Therefore post harvest management and processing of black soybean are very important and hence an effort has been made to develop a pedal operated dehuller for Uttarakhand women with the help of anthropometric data. Dehuller works on the principle of shearing force where black soybean passes through between the grind stone roller and concave surface of perforated mild steel sheet and power would be provided through pedal to the machine. The different components were designed and best dehulling efficiency of the machine was 72.08 per cent at 10 per cent moisture content and 25kg/h feed rate with payback period of 1.67year. This machine is basically designed for Uttarakhand small women farmers and can generate employment.

Composition and Nutritional Evaluation of the Cuttlefish Muscle

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1553-1558
Author(s):  
Sheng Jun Chen ◽  
Lai Hao Li ◽  
Xian Qing Yang ◽  
Bo Qi ◽  
Yan Yan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritive Quality ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Acid Index

The nutritional components in the cuttlefish muscle were analyzed and the nutritive quality was evaluated in the paper. The results showed that the contents of the cuttlefish muscle in crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate were 16.60%, 0.86%, 1.30%, respectively. There were 18 kinds amino acids and the total amino acids reached 17.44%, with an essential amino acid index(EAAI) of 67.95. The composition of the essential amino acids in muscle ratio was consistent with the FAO/WHO standards. In addition, the contents of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 41.13%, 12.15% and 46.72%, respectively. And the muscle contains a higher content of EPA and DHA, reached 11.0% and 24.49%, respectively. It was considered that the cuttlefish muscle has a high nutritive value and it can be the important material of the high quality protein and unsaturated fatty acid.

Anthropometric Design Variables and Performance

1986 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 867-872
Author(s):  
Harv Gregoire ◽  
Rannell Trimble
Keyword(s):  
Performance Testing ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Body Retention ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Military Pilots ◽  
Cockpit Design

This study analyzed performance correlates resulting from various applications of anthropometric data used in tactical aircraft cockpit design. Three anthropometric cockpit-geometry configurations were used as variables in performance testing a sample of 50 subjects, undergraduate and graduate college students as well as military pilots. The task was a simulated tactical, combat flight. Variables included: (a) viewing a display from a design eye-position based on uncorrected anthropometric data derived from traditional measuring techniques-erect, (b) viewing the display from the same position as (a) with the exception that supports were used to prevent or relieve fatigue-supported, and (c) viewing the display from a position 3.81-cm lower than the erect position to accommodate the postural displacement resulting from (i) normal upper body slouch, (ii) torso-restraint body retention, and (iii) wearing aviators equipment—actual. The mean performance scores in the actual condition were significantly better than scores which resulted from the supported or erect condition based on traditional application of anthropometric criterion.

scholarly journals UNSATURATED TO SATURATED FATTY ACIDS RATIO ADJUSTMENTIN DIETS ON DIGESTIBILITY AND PERFORMANCE OF GROWING PIGS

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tossaporn INCHAROEN ◽  
Tinnagon TARTRAKOON ◽  
Anat ONGKAN ◽  
Wandee TARTRAKOON
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Economic Analysis and Performance of PV Plants: An Application in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-301
Author(s):  
Olusola Bamisile ◽  
Foyin Olubiyo ◽  
Mustafa Dagbasi ◽  
Humphrey Adun ◽  
Ifeoluwa Wole-Osho
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Annual Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
System A ◽  
Life Cycle Savings ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Power Application

In this study, photovoltaic (PV) technology development over the years is reviewed. The use of PV power plants to solve inadequate power supply in Kurdistan is also analysed. PV power application is one of the most developed renewable energy applications but still not commercialized in somw countries. In this paper, three different locations will be evaluated in Kurdistan for PV plant installation. The research will investigate the best location for PV plant installation in Kurdistan, check the viability of the proposed plants and compare the performance of a fixed and a double axis tracking system. A 10 MW PV plant is developed and simulated based on economic terms. The results from the analysis shows that the simple payback period for a 10 MW PV plant in all the locations considered is between 6.8 and 7.2 years. Also, the installation with two-axis tracking system gave the lowest simple payback period (6.8 years). The PV plant is viable considering other economic indicators like; IRR, NPV, annual life cycle savings and BCR. The yearly savings of the system for one of the locations considered is US$1,573,327 with a dual axis tracking system. ©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

Experimentation and performance analysis of solar-assisted heat pump dryer for intermittent drying of food chips

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
A Singh ◽  
Jahar Sarkar ◽  
Rashmi Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Maximum Enhancement ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Moisture Extraction ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Drying Efficiency

Abstract A solar-assisted heat pump dryer is fabricated for intermittent drying. The experiment is performed for different intermittency ratios for radish drying using future refrigerant R1234yf. The effects of total drying time (on-period + off-period) on various energetic, exergetic, and economic performances are investigated. Radish chips were dried to extract moisture from 92.4% to 11.9%. Energy efficiency and drying efficiency are estimated higher for a lower intermittency ratio. The moisture extraction rate and specific moisture extraction rate are higher for intermittent drying as compared to continuous drying and increase with a decrease in intermittency ratio. The economic analysis concludes that the payback period is lower for a lower intermittency ratio. The payback period for intermittency ratio of 1, 0.66, 0.33 and 0.2 are estimated as 1.617 years, 1.459 years, 1.384 years, and 1.347 years, respectively. Present experimental thermo-economic analysis reveals that intermittent drying is much better (maximum enhancement of specific moisture extraction rate is 60.6%, that of energy efficiency is 56.4% and maximum reduction of drying cost is 37.9% with studied conditions) than continuous drying.

scholarly journals The 4R’s Framework of Nutritional Strategies for Post-Exercise Recovery: A Review with Emphasis on New Generation of Carbohydrates

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Diego A. Bonilla ◽  
Alexandra Pérez-Idárraga ◽  
Adrián Odriozola-Martínez ◽  
Richard B. Kreider
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exercise Recovery ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Broad Term ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
The Hours ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Post Exercise Recovery ◽  
New Generation

Post-exercise recovery is a broad term that refers to the restoration of training capacity. After training or competition, there is fatigue accumulation and a reduction in sports performance. In the hours and days following training, the body recovers and performance is expected to return to normal or improve. ScienceDirect, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Google Scholar databases were reviewed to identify studies and position declarations examining the relationship between nutrition and sports recovery. As an evidence-based framework, a 4R’s approach to optimizing post-exercise recovery was identified: (i) Rehydration—a fundamental process that will depend on the athlete, environment and sports event; (ii) Refuel—the consumption of carbohydrates is not only important to replenish the glycogen reserves but also to contribute to the energy requirements for the immune system and tissue reparation. Several bioengineered carbohydrates were discussed but further research is needed; (iii) Repair—post-exercise ingestion of high-quality protein and creatine monohydrate benefit the tissue growth and repair; and (iv) Rest—pre-sleep nutrition has a restorative effect that facilitates the recovery of the musculoskeletal, endocrine, immune, and nervous systems. Nutritional consultancy based on the 4R’s is important for the wise stewardship of the hydration, feeding, and supplementation strategies to achieve a timely recovery.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KELAYAKAN DAN KERAGAAN PEMASARAN USAHA TERNAK AYAM RAS PEDAGING DI KOTA SINGKAWANG (The Feasibility Analysis and Performance of Business Marketing Livestock Chicken in Singkawang)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
ADISUCIPTO ADISUCIPTO ◽  
JAJAT SUDRAJAT ◽  
NURLIZA NURLIZA
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Feasibility Analysis ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
And Performance

Results of research conducted in Singkawang in livestock farming of broiler patterns and Partnership Informal self with the business scale of 1,500 to 5,000 chickens per period. Breeders pattern of self-marketing results directly to the consumer the highest price of Rp. 23,800, - and the lowest Rp. 22.200, - with a mean weight of 1.46 kg per cow a chicken and informal partnership schemes carried out by a partnership the marketing of the highest price of Rp. 18,800 and the lowest is Rp. 18.000, - with an average weight of 1.78 kg per cow chicken. Recapitulation of the average calculation feasibility criteria breeders independently pattern obtained NVP is Rp. 2,537,399.33, Net B / C ratio is 17.73 and the IRR is 13.89% and the payback period is 3.31, a business worth continuing. Breeders pattern generating informal partnership NVP Rp. -13,573,023.9, -. Net B / C ratio is -8.44 and the IRR is 10.94% and the payback period is 4.35, it is not feasible to continue. Followed by calculation assuming operating costs and revenue rose by 18%. Breeders pattern independently obtain NPV value of Rp. 52,298,383.8,-. Net B / C Ratio is 3.85, which is 12.5% IRR, payback period 4.68 was obtained. Breeders informal partnership scheme obtain NPV value of Rp. 631 387, - Net B / C ratio is 1.02. IRR obtained is 13.0%, payback period of 6.09 is obtained, it deserves to be continued. A sensitivity analysis chicken feed decreased by 5% farmers obtain independent patterns NPV Rp. 17,224,284.29. Net B / C ratio of 6.99. IRR of 26.0% was obtained. Payback Period of 2.6, the effort worth continuing. Breeders informal partnership scheme to obtain NPV of Rp. -2,800,267. Net B / C Ratio is equal to -2.06. IRR obtained by 11.35% and PP by 3, 6, was not worth continuing.Keywords: Analysis, Feasibility and Marketing

scholarly journals A decision-support tool for investment analysis of automated oestrus detection technologies in a seasonal dairy production system

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2280 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Thomas ◽  
K. A. Dolecheck ◽  
T. B. Mark ◽  
C. R. Eastwood ◽  
B. T. Dela Rue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Production System ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Investment Analysis ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Detection Technologies

Context Advances in automated oestrus detection have made this an attractive technology to help reduce manual oestrus detection labour on dairy farms. Aims A decision-support tool was created to help farmers estimate the investment outcome of adopting automated oestrus detection technologies in a seasonal dairy production system. Methods A decision-support tool was created using Excel 2011 (Microsoft Inc., Redmond, WA, USA). The tool allows farmers to input both current herd reproductive management costs and performance and automated oestrus detection technology system costs and performance to receive herd-specific estimates of investment benefit. The investment analysis outputs include the net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and payback period associated with automated oestrus detection adoption. Two different automated oestrus detection technologies were compared with visual oestrus detection aided by tail paint with a 72.0% oestrus detection rate (sensitivity) to demonstrate the value of the investment analysis tool. The alternative scenarios, technology one and technology two, were compared over an eight-year investment period. Key results Technology one, with a 62.4% oestrus detection rate, resulted in a negative NPV and IRR (–NZ$182567 and –100% respectively), indicating a poor investment. Technology two, with an oestrus detection rate of 91.0%, provided a positive NPV and IRR (NZ$177890 and 38.7% respectively), indicating a beneficial investment. The payback period for technology one was estimated as >10 years, whereas technology two’s payback period was <1 year. Conclusions The investment tool results are dependent on farm-specific and automated oestrus detection inputs. Implications Farmers can use farm-specific inputs in the tool to aid them when considering adoption of new automated oestrus detection technologies.

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of sago (Metroxylon sagu) pith extractor

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Jefrey M. Bagasbas ◽  
Renyl B. Barroca
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Extraction Capacity ◽  
Cost And Benefit Analysis ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Metroxylon Sagu ◽  
Method Of Extraction

Among the significant problems in the sago processing, the extraction of the starch from its trunk tops the list. The extraction process involves a debarking and rasping process that is very tedious, unsanitary and time consuming that dramatically affects the quality of starch production since the local processor relies mainly on conventional method of extraction. This paper presents the design, fabrication and performance evaluation of sago pith extraction machine. The design concept made was to rasp the sago pith using a rotating rasper without debarking the log to minimize the steps on the extraction process. Four different teeth spacing of the rasper were considered during the testing and replicated three times; 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, and no teeth as controlled parameters, respectively. Results revealed that teeth spacing has a significant effect on the performance of the machine such as extraction capacity, extraction efficiency and fineness of rasped pith. Based on average, the highest extraction capacity was recorded at 217.47 kg/h using 3 cm teeth spacing, and the highest extraction efficiency was 96.12% using 2 cm teeth spacing and the finest rasped pith having the lowest fineness modulus of 2.15 was when 1 cm teeth spacing is used. Compared to manual and other existing mechanical rasper accounting the process of debarking, machine’s extraction capacity is higher, more efficient, safer and hygienic. Cost and benefit analysis supports that the machine is profitable and the financial efficiency is high having a 65% rate of return and 1.8 years payback period.

scholarly journals Unravelling the Role of Rumen Microbial Communities, Genes, and Activities on Milk Fatty Acid Profile Using a Combination of Omics Approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sokratis Stergiadis ◽  
Irene Cabeza-Luna ◽  
Marina Mora-Ortiz ◽  
Robert D. Stewart ◽  
Richard J. Dewhurst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Shotgun Metagenomics ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Rumen Microbiome ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
And Performance

Milk products are an important component of human diets, with beneficial effects for human health, but also one of the major sources of nutritionally undesirable saturated fatty acids (SFA). Recent discoveries showing the importance of the rumen microbiome on dairy cattle health, metabolism and performance highlight that milk composition, and potentially milk SFA content, may also be associated with microorganisms, their genes and their activities. Understanding these mechanisms can be used for the development of cost-effective strategies for the production of milk with less SFA. This work aimed to compare the rumen microbiome between cows producing milk with contrasting FA profile and identify potentially responsible metabolic-related microbial mechanisms. Forty eight Holstein dairy cows were fed the same total mixed ration under the same housing conditions. Milk and rumen fluid samples were collected from all cows for the analysis of fatty acid profiles (by gas chromatography), the abundances of rumen microbiome communities and genes (by whole-genome-shotgun metagenomics), and rumen metabolome (using 500 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance). The following groups: (i) 24 High-SFA (66.9–74.4% total FA) vs. 24 Low-SFA (60.2–66.6%% total FA) cows, and (ii) 8 extreme High-SFA (69.9–74.4% total FA) vs. 8 extreme Low-SFA (60.2–64.0% total FA) were compared. Rumen of cows producing milk with more SFA were characterized by higher abundances of the lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella, the acetogenic Proteobacteria Acetobacter and Kozakia, Mycobacterium, two fungi (Cutaneotrichosporon and Cyphellophora), and at a lesser extent Methanobrevibacter and the protist Nannochloropsis. Cows carrying genes correlated with milk FA also had higher concentrations of butyrate, propionate and tyrosine and lower concentrations of xanthine and hypoxanthine in the rumen. Abundances of rumen microbial genes were able to explain between 76 and 94% on the variation of the most abundant milk FA. Metagenomics and metabolomics analyses highlighted that cows producing milk with contrasting FA profile under the same diet, also differ in their rumen metabolic activities in relation to adaptation to reduced rumen pH, carbohydrate fermentation, and protein synthesis and metabolism.

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