An impact of the combined drug containing antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antifungal and glucocorticoid agents on local immunity in women with bacterial vaginosis and non-specific vaginitis

Inflammatory diseases of the vagina related to imbalanced microflora composition represent one of the most common gynecological diseases primarily dealt with by obstetrician/gynecologists. Such diseases markedly worsen female patient quality of life as well as affect female reproductive system resulting both in altered fertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes. By now, multiple therapeutic and preventive protocols have been proposed to manage such diseases, but insufficient therapeutic efficacy and frequent relapses require further investigations. The aim of the study was to evaluate an effect of the drug Elgyna (Wertex, Russia) consisting of antibacterial, antifungal and glucocorticoid agents on local immunity in females with bacterial vaginosis and nonspecific vaginitis. For this, there were examined and treated 24 females enrolled to the study, who underwent gynecological examination (speculum and bimanual vaginal examination), cervical epithelium microscopy, and calculating karyopicnotic index. Special attention was paid to quantifying level of cytokines IL-6, IL-10, TNFα in vaginal smears before and after therapy with the drug Elgyna. It was found that by the end of the therapy course vaginally administered Elgyna resulted in significantly ameliorated clinical symptoms and normalized microscopic parameters of vaginal discharge. Moreover, this drug consisting of antibacterial, antifungal and glucocorticoid agents did not suppress vaginal epithelium proliferation, but lowered production of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα in vaginal smears and shifted toward anti-inflammatory cytokine production. This evidence pathogenetically justifies administration of the drug Elgyna in females with bacterial vaginosis and nonspecific vaginitis as an anti-inflammatory medicine. Efficacy and safety of the two-step therapeutic approach consisting of antibacterial therapy followed by vaginal microbiota recovery for treating inflammatory diseases of vaginal mucosa were confirmed in multiple randomized clinical trials. We envision that such therapeutic concept might be added with a third component implying correction of local vaginal immunity aimed at normalizing the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

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IFN-τDisplays Anti-Inflammatory Effects onStaphylococcus aureusEndometritis via Inhibiting the Activation of the NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in Mice

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/2350482 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Zhenbiao Zhang ◽

Yingfang Guo ◽

Yuzhu Liu ◽

Chengye Li ◽

Mengyao Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mouse Model ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Histopathological Changes ◽

Uterine Infection ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Anti Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Inflammatory Effect

The aim of the present study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of IFN-τon endometritis using a mouse model ofS. aureus-induced endometritis and to elucidate the mechanism of action underlying these effects. In the present study, the effect of IFN-τonS. aureusgrowth was monitored by turbidimeter at 600 nm. IFN-τdid not affectS. aureusgrowth. The histopathological changes indicated that IFN-τhad a protective effect on uterus tissues withS. aureusinfection. The ELISA and qPCR results showed the production of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 was decreased with IFN-τtreatment. In contrast, the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased. We further studied the signaling pathway associated with these observations, and the qPCR results showed that the expression of TLR2 was repressed by IFN-τ. Furthermore, the western blotting results showed the phosphorylation of IκB, NF-κB p65, and MAPKs (p38, JNK, and ERK) was inhibited by IFN-τtreatment. The results suggested that IFN-τmay be a potential drug for the treatment of uterine infection due toS. aureusor other infectious inflammatory diseases.

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IL-6, a Therapeutic Target and Omega-3 PUFA, a Host Modulator in Chronic Periodontitis

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal ◽

10.13005/bpj/2332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 2307-2318

Author(s):

Rajathilagam T Rajathilagam T ◽

Thuthi Mohan Thuthi Mohan ◽

Aruna B Patil ◽

Mohanavalli S Mohanavalli S ◽

Seethalakshmi S Seethalakshmi S

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Tissue Destruction ◽

Open Label ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Pufa Supplementation ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Periodontitis is a common multifactorial inflammatory disease with gradual loss of supportive tissues around the teeth which eventually leads to decrease in the quality of life. Blocking Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a multifunctional cytokine with pro-inflammatory properties has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in inflammatory diseases like Rheumatoid arthritis, SLE and multiple sclerosis. Host immune response, the underlying cause for this progressive disease is targeted by Host modulatory therapy (HMT), an emerging treatment modality. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ώ 3 PUFAs), one of the relatively safe HMTs, reduces tissue destruction, stabilizes or even regenerates the periodontium through its anti-inflammatory & immunoregulatory properties. ώ 3 PUFAs are essential for the synthesis of eicosanoids which are involved in anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet aggregatory, vasodilation, vasoconstriction, immune response, cell growth and proliferation. The key factor examined and extrapolated in this study is the anti-inflammatory property of ώ 3 PUFA. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunological and clinical response to ώ 3 PUFA supplementation therapy in chronic periodontitis by measuring the inflammatory cytokine, IL-6 levels in serum. In this open label exploratory study, 40 patients with a Female: Male ratio of 4:1were enrolled and assessed clinically by measuring Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) and their serum for IL-6 levels. Subsequently 300 mg (concentration of EPA 180/DHA120) of ώ 3 PUFA was prescribed twice daily for 3 months and periodically reviewed to assess their IL-6 levels and periodontal status. IL-6 levels which were at a maximum mean of 10.2 pg/ml prior to treatment, showed a gradual and notable reduction to 2.3 pg/ml at the end of the study following ώ 3 PUFA supplementation therapy. The coefficient of variation R2 and ANOVA showed statistically significant periodic variation in biomarker IL-6 and in all clinical measurements at all time intervals. ώ 3 PUFA adjunctive therapy significantly reduces the inflammatory cytokine (IL-6) levels and causes noteworthy improvement of the most relevant clinical parameters (OHI-S, PPD, CAL). Hence ώ 3 PUFA can be recommended as a dietary supplementation and a safe host modulatory treatment in chronic periodontitis.

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Cervical anti-inflammatory cytokine concentrations are decreased among pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/j.ajog.2004.09.060 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 191 (6) ◽

pp. S11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hyagriv Simhan ◽

Steve Caritis ◽

Sharon Hillier ◽

Marijane Krohn

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Vaginosis ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

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Pathogenic treatment of the inflammatory diseases of the urogenital tract in women of reproductive age

Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health ◽

10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-1-59-64 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 59-64

Author(s):

O.I. Letyaeva ◽

◽

O.R. Ziganshin ◽

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Vaginosis ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Genital Warts ◽

Urogenital Tract ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Local Immunity ◽

Papillomavirus Infection

This paper discusses one of the important gynecological issues, inflammatory diseases of the urogenital tract caused by opportunistic microbes. The treatment and long-term control over these conditions are challenging and depend on their occurrence and high risk of complications. Impaired local anti-infectious protection is one of the risk factors of chronic inflammation. Since the disease may recur even after successful treatment, domestic and foreign authors increasingly focus on immunotherapy as a part of complex strategy and isolated entity. Local immunotherapy may prevent recurrences and activate host defense. This paper describes the management of two women with mixed infections. The first woman with chronic recurrent inflammation (cervicitis caused by U. urealyticum, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and aerobic vaginitis) in whom prior etiological therapy was ineffective received immunotherapy which resulted in long-term remission. The second woman with coexistent papillomavirus infection (genital warts) and bacterial vaginosis received immunotherapy and topical etiological treatment. As a result, clinical symptoms, the size and number of genital warts reduced which greatly facilitated their chemical destruction. KEYWORDS: genital tract, urogenital infections, papillomavirus infection, bacterial vaginosis, local immunity, biofilms. FOR CITATION: Letyaeva O.I., Ziganshin O.R. Pathogenic treatment of the inflammatory diseases of the urogenital tract in women of reproductive age. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(1):59–64. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-1-59-64.

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Treatment of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, due to mixed infection

HEALTH OF WOMAN ◽

10.15574/hw.2016.112.134 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 134-143

Author(s):

O. V. Romashchenko ◽

◽

S. V. Vozianova ◽

A.V. Rudenko ◽

L.F. Yakovenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mixed Infection ◽

Inflammatory Process ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Immune Defense ◽

Laboratory Diagnostics ◽

Simultaneous Treatment ◽

Local Immunity ◽

Etiological Factors ◽

Pelvic Organs ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Today the marked increase in the frequency of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs (IDPO) caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). And among the factors is dominated by numerous microbial associations (mixed infection) in 65-70% of cases detect Chlamydia, gonorrhea, Trichomonas, Molykote. The advantage of latent flow IDPO caused by these factors is one of the reasons for untimely and inadequate treatment of the inflammatory process of the genital organs and the formation of a range of violations of reproductive health of women. The aim of the study: the rationale for differentiated approaches to the treatment of chronic IDPO caused by mixed infection. Materials and methods. A survey of 72 women aged 18 to 37 years with IDPO with disease duration from 2 to 11 years. According to etiological factors and clinical course of HSTMT allocated groups were examined: First, the core group of 38 women with HSTMT caused by mixed infection in combination with Chlamydia, Molicutas; the SECOND main group - 34 patients with HSTMT caused by mixed infection in combination with Trichomonas. Results. Studies have shown that chronic inflammatory diseases of the genital organs in women are predominantly polietiologichesky nature; the latter determines the characteristics of the disease and its consequences. According to clinical and preclinical guidelines inflammatory diseases of the genital organs, caused by mixed infection, defined by differentiated approaches to the choice-stage anti-inflammatory therapy. Conclusion. Among the factors contributing to the effectiveness of treatment of inflammatory diseases of the genital organs, caused by mixed infection, should be highlighted: 1. Early diagnosis of the disease. 2. Identification and remediation of all sources of infection. 3. Compliance with phasing of conducting anti-inflammatory therapy. 4. The restoration of microbiocenosis of intestines, vagina, urethra with the use of the drug Laktovit Forte. 5. The correction of immunological disorders, the recovery of local immune defense. 6. Examination and the simultaneous treatment (if necessary) partner (partners). 7. Clinical, microbiological control of effectiveness of the treatment for 3 months; immunological control after 3, 6 months after treatment. Introduction to practical healthcare system of reasonable effective treatments for VSAT based on objective results of clinical and laboratory diagnostics, account etiological factors, state of systemic and local immunity, pathogenesis mechanisms of development of inflammatory process will contribute to the prevention of its chronicity and relapse. Key words: inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, mixed infection, treatment, Tiflox, Meratin.

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THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF ALIMENTARY OBESITY ON THE STATE OF LOCAL IMMUNITY OF THE VAGINAL MUCOSA AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE THERAPY OF BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS

Farmaciâ Kazahstana ◽

10.53511/pharmkaz.2021.23.83.002 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 8-12

Author(s):

А.М. ЖУКЕМБАЕВА ◽

Б.Н. АСАН ◽

А.Т. АБЫЛГАЗИЕВА ◽

А.А. АЙТБАЙ ◽

И.Г. МУРАТХАН ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Vaginosis ◽

Negative Impact ◽

The State ◽

Vaginal Mucosa ◽

Local Immunity ◽

Pronounced Increase ◽

Group I ◽

Alimentary Obesity ◽

Grade Ii ◽

Group Ii

Проведен анализ результатов стандартного лечения бактериального вагиноза у 143 больных с учетом наличия у них алиментарного ожирения. Все женщины, принимавшие участие в нашем исследовании, дали письменное информированное согласие на участие в нем. Лечение БВ проводилось по общепринятой методике метронидазолом и клиндамицином. В зависимости от наличия алиментарного ожирения больных бактериальным вагинозом разделили на 2 группы. В I группу вошли 97 без алиментарного ожирения. Во II группе у 46 больных отмечалось увеличение массы тела, соответствующее алиментарному ожирению II степени. Исследования проводили до начала лечения и через 14 суток после его завершения. Сравнительный анализ результатов лечения БВ в исследуемых группах показал, что на фоне АО II степени отмечались достоверно более выраженные увеличение количества «ключевых клеток» (P<0,05) и смещение pH в щелочную сторону (P<0,05) во II группе. При этом эффективность лечения у больных II группы, где отмечалось алиментарное ожирение II степени была достоверно меньше, чем в I (P<0,05), что свидетельствовало о негативном влиянии алиментарного ожирения на состояние локального иммунитета слизистой оболочки влагалища и результативность проводимой терапии бактериального вагиноза. The results of standard treatment of bacterial vaginosis in 143 patients were analyzed, taking into account the presence of alimentary obesity in them. All the women who took part in our study gave written informed consent to participate in it.BV was treated according to the generally accepted method with metronidazole and clindamycin. Depending on the presence of alimentary obesity, patients with bacterial vaginosis were divided into 2 groups. Group I included 97 people without alimentary obesity. In group II, 46 patients had an increase in body weight corresponding to alimentary obesity of the II degree. Studies were conducted before the start of treatment and 14 days after its completion. A comparative analysis of the results of BV treatment in the study groups showed that against the background of grade II AO, there was a significantly more pronounced increase in the number of "key cells" (P<0.05) and a pH shift to the alkaline side (P<0.05) in group II. At the same time, the effectiveness of treatment in group II patients with grade II alimentary obesity was significantly less than in group I (P<0.05), which indicated a negative effect of alimentary obesity on the state of local immunity of the vaginal mucosa and the effectiveness of the therapy of bacterial vaginosis.

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The revealing of some of causative microorganisms for sexually-transmitted diseases in chronic salpingoophoritis, bacterial vaginosis and nonspecific bacterial vaginitis

Journal of obstetrics and women s diseases ◽

10.17816/jowd88931 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 19-22

Author(s):

S. V. Ryshuk ◽

D. F. Kostucheck ◽

A. G. Boitsov

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Vaginosis ◽

Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽

Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Mycoplasma Hominis ◽

Vaginal Smears ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Pathologic Processes

The data on frequent combination of chronic inflammatory diseases of vagina and adnex can give the evidence for connection betzveen these pathologic processes. The frequency of Mycoplasma hominis findings in patients with bacterial vaginosis points to their possible ethioloic role in the pathology. At the same time, vaginal smears presenting Ureaplasma urealyticum in patients zvith bacterial vaginosis indicates their role in formation of pathology. One can suggest ethiologic mean of U.urealyticum in nonspecific bacterial vaginitis patients.

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Tripterygium wilfordiiGlycosides Upregulate the New Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine IL-37 through ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK Signal Pathways

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/9148523 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sen Wang ◽

Rumeng Li ◽

Suhui He ◽

Lingge He ◽

Hang Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

P38 Mapk ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Signal Pathways ◽

Tripterygium Wilfordii ◽

Inflammatory Mechanism ◽

Autoimmune And Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

As a Chinese traditional patent medicine,Tripterygium wilfordiiglycosides (TWG) have been approved by the China State Food and Drug Administration (Z32021007) for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Application of TWG leads to significant decrease of the inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. However, little is known whether TWG could regulate the anti-inflammatory cytokines and what the mechanism is. Here, we found that TWG could induce the upregulation of IL-37 which is a new anti-inflammatory cytokine. Furthermore, the inhibitors of ERK1/2 and/or p38 MAPK pathways suppressed IL-37 expression induced by TWG, indicating that the two pathways took part in this process. In conclusion, TWG could upregulate the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-37 and ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signal pathways were involved in the upregulation of IL-37 induced by TWG. The results showed that TWG had a potent activity on promoting the expression of IL-37, a new anti-inflammatory cytokine, which help further understanding the anti-inflammatory mechanism for the clinical application of TWG in therapy of diseases.

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