scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DA TAXA DE INFILTRAÇÃO DE ÁGUA EM UM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO SUBMETIDO A DOIS SISTEMAS DE MANEJO*

Irriga ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Angelotti Neto ◽  
Edemo João Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Conventional Management ◽  
Red Latosol

AVALIAÇÃO DA TAXA DE INFILTRAÇÃO DE ÁGUA EM UM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO SUBMETIDO A DOIS SISTEMAS DE MANEJO*  Antonio Angelotti Netto1; Edemo João Fernandes21SEA, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos,Universidade de São Paulo e Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária,, São Carlos, SP, [email protected] de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP  1 RESUMO A infiltração de água no solo é um dos processos mais importantes do ciclo hidrológico, uma vez que a partir desse parâmetro pode-se determinar o escorrimento superficial e estimar o armazenamento de água no solo. O manejo do solo é um importante fator que influencia a infiltração de água. O solo manejado erroneamente pode ocasionar perdas de solo, lixiviação de pesticidas e fertilizantes, causando efeitos nefastos à produção agrícola e ao ambiente. Diante deste contexto, objetivou-se determinar a velocidade de infiltração em um Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico ocorrente na UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, submetido aos sistemas de manejo convencional e pousio. As medidas foram realizadas com anéis concêntricos, nos intervalos de tempo: 5, 10, 20, 30 e 60 minutos. Verificou-se que o manejo em pousio a que foi submetido o solo, não foi o suficiente para lhe proporcionar velocidades de infiltração maiores do que no solo manejado convencionalmente. UNITERMOS: infiltração acumulada, manejo de solo, pousio  ANGELOTTI NETTO, A.; FERNANDES, E. J. EVALUATION OF WATER INFILTRATION RATE IN A RED LATOSSOL SUBMITTED TO TWO MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS  2 ABSTRACT Water infiltration in the soil is one of the most important processes of the hydrological cycle, as this parameter may be used to determine water runoff and estimate water storage in the soil. Soil management is an important factor that influences water infiltration. Erroneous soil management may cause soil losses, pesticide and fertilizer leaching, and disastrous effects to the agricultural production and the environment. Considering this, it was decided to determine the infiltration rate of a Red Latosol (Rhodic Eutrudox) at UNESP, Jaboticabal, and SP, BRAZIL, submitted to a conventional management system and to a non-cultivated one. These measurements were made using concentric rings, at time intervals of 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 minutes. It was verified that the non-cultivated period to which the soil was submitted was not sufficient to provide a greater infiltration rate than that one achieved by conventional soil management. KEYWORDS: accumulated infiltration, soil management, non-cultivated soil 

Soil Management for Conservation and Sustainable Rice Production in an Irrigated Area of Eastern Nigeria

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L.A. Asadu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Cropping Season

An comparison of soilmanagement techniques In the different irrigation zones of Lower Anambra Irrigation Project (LAIP) In eastern Nigeria showed that heavy use of machinery led to Increases In bulk density and decreases In field water Infiltration rate. The relative proportion of clay In the irrigated fields Increased as a result of Irrigation, suggesting that mobilized clay from uncemented main and distribution canals Is carried and deposited In the rice fields. Both Irrigation and the use of machinery have had substantial negative effects on soli nutrient levels, and there is a danger of this process continuing. Soli management for sustainable production in the area should centre on applying organic matter in combination with inorganic fertilizers, monitoring the soli properties on yearly basis before the cropping season for fertilizer and lime recommendations, and varying the depth of tillage to Increase or maintain the effective soli depth.

scholarly journals Nitrogen dynamics in soil management systems. I - flux of inorganic nitrogen (NH4+ and NO3-)

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1641-1649
Author(s):  
João Carlos de Moraes Sá ◽  
Eduardo Garcia Cardoso ◽  
Clever Briedis ◽  
Ademir de Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
Paulo Rogério Borszowskei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Ct System ◽  
Red Latosol

In agricultural systems the N-NH4+ and N-NO3- contents is significantly affected by soil management. This study investigated the dynamics of inorganic nitrogen (N; NH4+ and NO3-) in an experimental evaluation of soil management systems (SMSs) adopted in 1988 at the experimental station of the ABC Foundation in Ponta Grossa, in the Central South region of the State of Paraná. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in N-NH4+ and N-NO3- flux in the surface layer of a Red Latosol arising from SMSs over a 12-month period. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design in split plots, in three replications. The plots consisted of the following SMSs: 1) conventional tillage (CT); 2) minimum tillage (MT); 3) no-tillage with chisel plow every three years (NT CH); and 4) continuous no-tillage (CNT). To evaluate the dynamics of inorganic N, the subplots represented samplings (11 sampling times, T1 - T11). The ammonium N (N-NH4+) and nitric N (N-NO3-) contents were higher in systems with reduced tillage (MT and NT CH) and without tillage (CNT) than in the CT system. In the period from October 2003 to February 2004, the N-NH4+ was higher than the N-NO3- soil content. Conversely, in the period from May 2004 to July 2004, the N-NO3- was higher than the N-NH4+ content. The greatest fluctuation in the N-NH4+ and N-NO3- contents occurred in the 0-2.5 cm layer, and the highest peak in the N-NH4+ and N-NO3- concentrations occurred after the surface application of N. Both N-NH4+ and N-NO3- were strongly correlated with the soil organic C content, which indicated that these properties vary together in the system.

scholarly journals Soil loss by water erosion in areas under maize and jack beans intercropped and monocultures

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Luiz Terra Lima ◽  
Marx Leandro Naves Silva ◽  
Nilton Curi ◽  
John Quinton
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Soil Losses

Adequate soil management can create favorable conditions to reduce erosion and water runoff, consequently increase water soil recharge. Among management systems intercropping is highly used, especially for medium and small farmers. It is a system where two or more crops with different architectures and vegetative cycles are explored simultaneously at the same location. This research investigated the effects of maize intercropped with jack bean on soil losses due to water erosion, estimate C factor of Universal Soil Losses Equation (USLE) and how it can be affected by soil coverage. The results obtained also contribute to database generation, important to model and estimate soil erosion. Total soil loss by erosion caused by natural rain, at Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, were: 4.20, 1.86, 1.38 and 1.14 Mg ha-1, respectively, for bare soil, maize, jack bean and the intercropping of both species, during evaluated period. Values of C factor of USLE were: 0.039, 0.054 and 0.077 Mg ha Mg-1 ha-1 for maize, jack bean and intercropping between both crops, respectively. Maize presented lower vegetation cover index, followed by jack beans and consortium of the studied species. Intercropping between species showed greater potential on soil erosion control, since its cultivation resulted in lower soil losses than single crops cultivation, and this aspect is really important for small and medium farmers in the studied region.

scholarly journals Water infiltration rate in the soil under different uses and covers in the Poxim River basin, Sergipe, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 321-339
Author(s):  
Lucas dos Santos Batista ◽  
Raimundo Rodrigues Gomes Filho ◽  
Clayton Moura de Carvalho ◽  
Alceu Pedrotti ◽  
Igor Leonardo Nascimento Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration

Watersheds are units of planning and environmental management having a great importance in the management of water resources and their use. To this end, knowledge about the soil's physical and water attributes is of paramount importance in the context of water dynamics in aquifer recharge areas. Water infiltration rate into the soil is considered an important variable in the hydrological cycle, as the increase in this process can lead to a reduction in erosion and consequently greater groundwater recharge. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the soil water infiltration rate in the phytophysiognomy of the Poxim River basin in the State of Sergipe, in the agriculture, eucalyptus and forest areas, and to observe the effect of the infiltration water rate in areas of no-till, minimum and conventional cultivation. The soil water infiltration rate was obtained through the use of double cylinder infiltrometer and estimated through the mathematical models of Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis, Horton and Philip. When making comparisons between the models for estimating of soil water infiltration rates, the Horton model showed a better fit compared to the other models used, and the type of soil cover that obtained the highest infiltration rate was the forest. No-till areas provided higher water infiltration rates in the soil, contributing to greater groundwater recharge.

scholarly journals Water infiltration rate in Yellow Latosol under different soil management systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1021-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge L. X. L. Cunha ◽  
Maria E. H. Coelho ◽  
Abel W. de Albuquerque ◽  
Cicero A. Silva ◽  
Antônio B. da Silva Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration ◽  
Tillage System

ABSTRACTThe management systems affect soil structure, causing changes in porosity that can influence soil water infiltration. In order to study the water infiltration rate in a Yellow Latosol under different tillage systems and different mathematical models, an experiment was conducted from October to December 2012, at the Center for Agricultural Sciences at the Federal University of Alagoas, using a randomized block design with five replicates, in a split-plot scheme. In the plots, the management systems were evaluated (conventional tillage, no-tillage and minimum tillage) and, in the sub-plots, the empirical mathematical models of Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis and Horton, and the ring method. The method used to measure soil water infiltration rate was adapted from the classic double-ring infiltrometer method. The minimum tillage system provided better results compared with the others, with water infiltration rate of 167 mm h-1, and the equation that best fitted the data of the ring infiltrometer was Kostiakov’s, in the no-tillage system.

scholarly journals The Peranan Pergerakan Air Dalam-Tanah dalam Menurunkan Aliran Permukaan

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-300
Author(s):  
Enni Dwi Wahjunie ◽  
Dwi Putro Tejo Baskoro ◽  
Suria Darma Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Infiltration Capacity

The main cause of flooding and erosion that creates critical land in various regions in Indonesia is surface runoff. The surface runoff will occur if rainfall exceeds the capacity of soil water absorption (infiltration capacity). The soil management of each land use could improve the infiltration capacity. The water movement both on the surface and in the soil determines the water infiltration. This study predicts surface runoff based on the infiltration rate of various land uses and rainfall in the Ciliwung Watershed. A series of studies were performed in the upstream and middle areas of the watershed. Observations of soil properties, water movement, and rainfall were carried out in various dry land uses. The results showed that the soil's physical properties mostly determine the constant infiltration rate, which affected the water movement in the ground. The initial water content, the degree of saturation of the initial moisture content, and the soil's physical properties determine the time of constant infiltration rate. The value of constant rate infiltration and the time of its achievement define the amount of surface runoff that occurs. Keywords: hydraulic conductivity, run off, soil management, time achievement of infiltration capacity

scholarly journals Probability of Heavy Metals Mobility from Dumped Sediments in a Quarry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina T. García-Rangel ◽  
Francisco Gavi-Reyes ◽  
Rogelio Carrillo-González ◽  
Mario Martínez-Menes
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Safe Limits

Dregs from the former Texcoco Lake were used to build the new international Mexico City airport and pumped in a quarry. The dredged sediments could have heavy metals (HMs) capable of polluting water bodies. The study’s objective was to evaluate the content of Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, and Pb of the sediments deposited in the quarry, their transfer to the runoff water and the adsorption of Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb in the subsoil. Other variables measured were water infiltration rate, HM in sediments, water runoff, and the HM adsorption in the subsoil. The infiltration rate in sediments is low (≤ 10-7 cm/h). HMs in sediments are within the maximum permissible limits by Mexican regulations, for sewage sludge. The HMs in the runoff from the sediments are in the range of the Mexican regulations for the discharge into rivers and for irrigation purposes of agricultural soils. They are also within safe limits for irrigation use considered by FAO and EPA. The materials adsorption capacity of Pb (1250 mg kg-1), Zn (588 mg kg-1), and Cu (1250 mg kg-1) is higher than the concentration of metals in the runoff water, so the movement of HMs down into the subsoil is unlikely.  

scholarly journals Root mass may affect soil water infiltration more strongly than the incorporated residue

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1523
Author(s):  
Masato Oda ◽  
Burhanuddin Rasyid ◽  
Hide Omae
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration

This Brief Report includes a single-finding that is reported with descriptions of an unexpected observation. Crop residue incorporation increases stable soil pores and soil water infiltration, consequently, reduces surface water runoff and soil erosion. However, to our knowledge, quantitative studies for the relation between incorporated residue and infiltration rate has not been conducted. We examined the relationship between the quantity of crop residue of the prior crop and the water infiltration rate. We continuously grew corn (cleaning crop), rhodes grass, and okra under greenhouses. The water infiltration rate was measured on the ridge at similar soil moisture conditions, on the day incorporating the prior crop residue. A strong correlation was found between the quantity of inputted residue and the soil water infiltration rate ( r = 0.953); however, that of corn, had no prior crop, is the outlier. The outliner is nonnegligible because the infiltration rate per input residue is two fifth of other crops. By contrast, aboveground biomass of the prior crop showed a stronger correlation with water infiltration rate ( r = 0.965), without outliers. Previous studies have revealed the logarithmic relation between plant root mass and soil erosion resistance. Our data also show a positive relationship between resistance to erosion and root mass when assuming that the aboveground biomass is proportional to the underground biomass. The result also showed that the effect of the prior crop root mass disappears within the next crop period. This suggests that maintaining a large root mass is crucial for reducing soil erosion.

scholarly journals Mosaic desert pavement influences water infiltration and vegetation distribution on fluvial fan surfaces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejin Wang ◽  
Wenzhi Zhao ◽  
zhou hong ◽  
Weicheng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Vegetation Distribution ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Desert Pavement ◽  
Gravel Size ◽  
Vesicular Horizon

Desert pavements are critical for maintaining ecological stability and promoting near-surface hydrological cycle in arid regions. However, few studies have reported the desert pavements on ecological on fluvial fans. Although desert pavement surfaces appear to be barren and flat, we found that the surfaces were featured by mosaic pattern of desert pavement (DP) and bare ground (BG). In this study, we investigated the effects of mosaic DP on water infiltration and vegetation distribution at six sites (i.e. one on the hillside and five in the sectors of fluvial fans) along a southwest belt transect on the fluvial fans in the Northern Linze County, in the middle of Hexi Corridor. The results showed that significant differences of Mosaic DP between hillside and sectors of fans were found in pavement thickness, thickness of vesicular horizon (Av thickness), particle composition and bulk density, rather than soil moisture content (SMC), gravel coverage and surface gravel size. The mosaic DP can inhibit water infiltration by pavement layer, where the sorptivity (S), initial infiltration rate (i) and steady- state infiltration rate (i) and infiltration time (T) averaged 1.30 cm/min-0.5, 5.03 cm/min, 0.23 cm/min, and 12.76 min respectively. If pavement layer was scalped, the S, i and i increased by 0.75 cm/min-0.5, 2.90 cm/min and 0.13 cm/min, respectively, and the T was shortened by 5.34 min. Water infiltration was mainly controlled by the pavement layer thickness (+), Av thickness (-), surface gravel coverage (-), and fine earth (+) and fine gravel (-) of pavement layer. Mosaic DP grew less shrubs than mosaic BG where distributed plenty of herbs. It can be concluded that desert pavements can keep vegetation stability by self-regulating rainfall. This study would deepen our understanding of the eco-hydrological cycle of pavement landscape in arid regions.

scholarly journals Root mass may affect soil water infiltration more strongly than the incorporated residue

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1523
Author(s):  
Masato Oda ◽  
Burhanuddin Rasyid ◽  
Hide Omae
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration

This Brief Report includes a single-finding that is reported with descriptions of an unexpected observation. Crop residue incorporation increases stable soil pores and soil water infiltration, consequently, reduces surface water runoff and soil erosion. However, to our knowledge, quantitative studies for the relation between incorporated residue and infiltration rate has not been conducted. We examined the relationship between the quantity of crop residue of the prior crop and the water infiltration rate. We continuously grew corn (cleaning crop), rhodes grass, and okra under greenhouses. The water infiltration rate was measured on the ridge at similar soil moisture conditions, on the day incorporating the prior crop residue. A correlation between the quantity of incorporated residue and the soil water infiltration rate was not constant; because, the infiltration rate per incorporated residue was irregularly low when it had no prior crop. By contrast, aboveground biomass of the prior crop showed a stronger correlation with water infiltration rate ( r = 0.965), without outliers. Furthermore, the correlation was weakened ( r = 0.872) by the treatment affected the soil moisture that affects the root mass. Previous studies have revealed the positive relation between plant root mass and soil erosion resistance. Our data also show a positive relationship between resistance to erosion and root mass when assuming that the aboveground biomass is proportional to the underground biomass. The result also showed that the effect of the prior crop root mass disappears within the next crop period. This suggests that maintaining a large root mass is crucial for reducing soil erosion.

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