scholarly journals “The Semantic Environment” of the Late Dramatic Works of A. Platonov

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Proskurina
Keyword(s):  
Premature Death ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
Family Drama ◽  
Noah's Ark ◽  
Future Focus

This review raises a set of important issues. The use of contextual, motif, and “evidence-based” methods make it possible to identify hidden semantic layers which are hard to discern in Platonov’s late plays at first. The authors manage to demonstrate both the peculiarities of the plot of Platonov’s late dramas and their connection with the writer’s creative work as a whole. Particularly important is the autobiographical context which significantly enriches the “semantic environment” of the works analysed. It is based on Platonov’s family drama related to the arrest and premature death of his son Platon. The study reveals various ways of inclusion of the “son motif ” in the plays Voice of the Father, A Magical Being, and A Student of the Lyceum. The analysis of the play Noah’s Ark turns out to be less interesting, which is largely due to the fact of its being unfinished and, thus, lacking artistic perfection. The stylistic originality of Platonov’s late creative work and its artistic distinction from the works of the 1920s – 1930s remain outside the authors’ framework of reflection. This range of issues may serve as a future focus of study.

Andreev, Leonid Nikolaevich (1871–1919)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Hinds-Bond
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
Russian Author ◽  
Provincial Capital ◽  
Close Friendship ◽  
Story Writer ◽  
Maxim Gorky

Leonid Nikolaevich Andreev was a prolific Russian author, widely popular in the first decade of the 20th century, whose fictional and dramatic works spanned the divide between realism and symbolism. Andreev was born in Orel, a provincial capital south of Moscow, and died in Finland. He studied law in St Petersburg and Moscow. After a brief and unsuccessful legal career, he worked as a journalist, prose writer and dramatist, quickly making a name for himself as a successful short-story writer once his stories began to appear in newspapers. His first published volume of stories (1901) was an immediate success, with its first two printings selling out in two weeks. He turned to playwriting five years later, although he continued to write short stories until late in life. Andreev’s creative work sparked much debate from both realist and symbolist writers. He developed a close friendship with realist writer Maxim Gorky, although the two grew to disagree on questions of literary style and politics, as Andreev’s work strayed from its early realist tendencies and revolutionary ideals. Gorky mentored Andreev in his early career and spearheaded a collection of literary reminiscences by famous writers upon the latter’s death. Andreev’s popularity waned, along with his health, during the final decade of his life.

scholarly journals Russian Shrovetide as an art dominant of the opera libretto "The Power of the Fiend" by Alexander Ostrovsky

2019 ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Irina A. Ovchinina ◽  
Irina A. Khromova
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structure ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
The People ◽  
Family Drama ◽  
The Family ◽  
Main Action

Artistic features of libretto of the opera "The Power of the Fiend" by Alexander Ostrovsky are considered in the article. Value of genre and ceremonial scenes in either semantic and subject or composite structure of the opera scenario is defi ned in it, features of poetics of the latter come to light. The attention of authors is paid to specifi cs of the main action ("the family drama") and to the nature of Shrovetide festivity scenes connected with the plot. It is noted how Alexander Ostrovsky gradually expands scenic space, creates bright crowd scenes with participation of the people and also the Choir which acts on behalf of Shrovetide in the libretto. Authors of the work emphasise the dual nature of Shrovetide as a peculiar Russian carnival that fi nds refl ection in the ditty "Celebrating Shrovetide Grandly" sung by Yeryomka and, in the fourth act, represents the culmination of a national holiday. Clarifi cation of the reasons of disagreements between Alexander Serov, the composer, and the playwright is an important point as the latter refused cooperation with the former. In this regard, problem of authorship of the fourth act of the libretto is put forward, the conclusion about undoubted participation of the playwright in its creation is drawn. Keywords: Alexander Ostrovsky's creative work, libretto, opera, drama, Russian Shrovetide, folkish song, authorship problem.

scholarly journals “Everyone Has the Right to Drink Beer”: A Stakeholder Analysis of Challenges to Youth Alcohol Harm-Reduction Policies in Lebanon

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima T Nakkash ◽  
Lilian A Ghandour ◽  
Nasser Yassin ◽  
Sirine Anouti ◽  
Ali Chalak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Stakeholder Analysis ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Alcohol Harm Reduction

Background: Alcohol use is a major risk factor in premature death and disability, especially among youth. Evidence-based policies to prevent and control the detrimental effect of alcohol use have been recommended. In countries with weak alcohol control policies—such as Lebanon, stakeholder analysis provides critical information to influence policy interventions. This paper assesses the views of stakeholders regarding a national alcohol harm reduction policy for youth. Methods: We interviewed a total of 22 key stakeholders over a period of 8 months in 2015. Stakeholders were selected purposively, to include representatives of governmental and non-governmental organizations and industry that could answer questions related to core intervention areas: affordability, availability, regulation of marketing, and drinking and driving. We analyzed interview transcripts using thematic analysis. Results: Three themes emerged: Inadequacy of current alcohol control policies; weak governance and disregard for rule of law as a determinant of the status quo; and diverting of responsibility towards ‘other’ stakeholders. In addition, industry representatives argued against evidence-based policies using time-worn strategies identified globally. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that alcohol harm reduction policies are far from becoming a policy priority in Lebanon. There is a clear need to shift the narrative from victim blaming to structural conditions.

scholarly journals Implementation science research for the scale-up of evidence-based interventions for sickle cell disease in africa: a commentary

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Gyamfi ◽  
Temitope Ojo ◽  
Juliet Iwelunmor ◽  
Gbenga Ogedegbe ◽  
Nessa Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Implementation Science ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Cell Disease

Abstract Background The burden of sickle cell disease (SCD) is greatest among African nations. Effective scalability of evidence-based interventions (e.g., newborn screening, health education, prophylaxis for infection, optimal nutrition and hydration, hydroxyurea therapy, blood transfusions, and transcranial Doppler (TCD) screening) is urgently needed particularly in these settings for disease management. However, Africa is constrained by limited resources and the lack of capacity to conduct implementation science research for proper understanding of context, and assessment of barriers and facilitators to the uptake and scalability of evidence-based interventions (EBI) for SCD management. Main Body We outline implementation science approaches to embed EBI for SCD within the African context and highlight key implementation research programs for SCD management. Building implementation research capacity will meet the major need of developing effective life-long and accessible locally-tailored interventions for patients with SCD in Africa. Conclusion This commentary communicates the importance of the application of implementation science methodology to scale-up evidence-based interventions for the management of SCD in order to reduce pain, prevent other morbidities and premature death experienced by people with SCD in Africa, and improve their overall quality of life.

scholarly journals THE PECULIARITIES OF THE RECEPTION OF HENRY FIELDING’S DRAMATURGIC HERITAGE IN CONTEMPORARY LITERARY CRITICISM

2021 ◽  
pp. 184-197
Author(s):  
Svitlana Riabovol
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Complete Picture ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
Creative Evolution ◽  
Genre Preferences

The research is devoted to exploring the features of reception of Henry Fielding’s dramatic heritage. The aim of the study is to analyze literary critics’ research of Henry Fielding’s creative work. We make the conclusion that Henry Fielding’s unprecedented success was due to the relevance of the topics and issues which the author focuses on. The characters, plots and themes were extremely close to the audience of that time and that is why they gained incredible popularity. In literary criticism, it was thought that the dramatic works served as a kind of start for Fielding to create his further fundamental works. But the writer should be considered in several guises: Fielding as a playwright, Fielding as a journalist, Fielding as a novelist, each of which deserves the detailed study and can help to provide a complete picture of the search that became the key to success in each new round of his creative evolution. We consider the analysis of Fielding’s plays, which can become a material for studying the genre preferences of the writer, the key to the study of his novels and Fielding’s impact on the next generations of playwrights.

Abstraction: An alternative neurocognitive account of recognition, prediction, and decision making

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie F. Reyna ◽  
David A. Broniatowski
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Software Engineering ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Trace Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Trace Theory ◽  
Abstract Representations ◽  
Technical Systems

Abstract Gilead et al. offer a thoughtful and much-needed treatment of abstraction. However, it fails to build on an extensive literature on abstraction, representational diversity, neurocognition, and psychopathology that provides important constraints and alternative evidence-based conceptions. We draw on conceptions in software engineering, socio-technical systems engineering, and a neurocognitive theory with abstract representations of gist at its core, fuzzy-trace theory.

Misophonia: An Evidence-Based Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-690
Author(s):  
C. S. Vanaja ◽  
Miriam Soni Abigail
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Case History ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Pure Tone Audiogram

Purpose Misophonia is a sound tolerance disorder condition in certain sounds that trigger intense emotional or physiological responses. While some persons may experience misophonia, a few patients suffer from misophonia. However, there is a dearth of literature on audiological assessment and management of persons with misophonia. The purpose of this report is to discuss the assessment of misophonia and highlight the management option that helped a patient with misophonia. Method A case study of a 26-year-old woman with the complaint of decreased tolerance to specific sounds affecting quality of life is reported. Audiological assessment differentiated misophonia from hyperacusis. Management included retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy based on the principles described by P. J. Jastreboff and Jastreboff (2014). A misophonia questionnaire was administered at regular intervals to monitor the effectiveness of therapy. Results A detailed case history and audiological evaluations including pure-tone audiogram and Johnson Hyperacusis Index revealed the presence of misophonia. The patient benefitted from intervention, and the scores of the misophonia questionnaire indicated a decrease in the severity of the problem. Conclusions It is important to differentially diagnose misophonia and hyperacusis in persons with sound tolerance disorders. Retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy can help patients who suffer from misophonia.

Meeting the Best Practice for Hearing Aid Verification in Children: Challenges and Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-894
Author(s):  
Nur Azyani Amri ◽  
Tian Kar Quar ◽  
Foong Yen Chong
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Fitting Hearing Aids

Purpose This study examined the current pediatric amplification practice with an emphasis on hearing aid verification using probe microphone measurement (PMM), among audiologists in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Frequency of practice, access to PMM system, practiced protocols, barriers, and perception toward the benefits of PMM were identified through a survey. Method A questionnaire was distributed to and filled in by the audiologists who provided pediatric amplification service in Klang Valley, Malaysia. One hundred eight ( N = 108) audiologists, composed of 90.3% women and 9.7% men (age range: 23–48 years), participated in the survey. Results PMM was not a clinical routine practiced by a majority of the audiologists, despite its recognition as the best clinical practice that should be incorporated into protocols for fitting hearing aids in children. Variations in practice existed warranting further steps to improve the current practice for children with hearing impairment. The lack of access to PMM equipment was 1 major barrier for the audiologists to practice real-ear verification. Practitioners' characteristics such as time constraints, low confidence, and knowledge levels were also identified as barriers that impede the uptake of the evidence-based practice. Conclusions The implementation of PMM in clinical practice remains a challenge to the audiology profession. A knowledge-transfer approach that takes into consideration the barriers and involves effective collaboration or engagement between the knowledge providers and potential stakeholders is required to promote the clinical application of evidence-based best practice.

What Does Evidence-Based Practice Mean to You? A Follow-Up Study Examining School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists' Perspectives on Evidence-Based Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 688-704
Author(s):  
Katrina Fulcher-Rood ◽  
Anny Castilla-Earls ◽  
Jeff Higginbotham
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
School Based ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Ebp Implementation

Purpose The current investigation is a follow-up from a previous study examining child language diagnostic decision making in school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs). The purpose of this study was to examine the SLPs' perspectives regarding the use of evidence-based practice (EBP) in their clinical work. Method Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 25 school-based SLPs who previously participated in an earlier study by Fulcher-Rood et al. 2018). SLPs were asked questions regarding their definition of EBP, the value of research evidence, contexts in which they implement scientific literature in clinical practice, and the barriers to implementing EBP. Results SLPs' definitions of EBP differed from current definitions, in that SLPs only included the use of research findings. SLPs seem to discuss EBP as it relates to treatment and not assessment. Reported barriers to EBP implementation were insufficient time, limited funding, and restrictions from their employment setting. SLPs found it difficult to translate research findings to clinical practice. SLPs implemented external research evidence when they did not have enough clinical expertise regarding a specific client or when they needed scientific evidence to support a strategy they used. Conclusions SLPs appear to use EBP for specific reasons and not for every clinical decision they make. In addition, SLPs rely on EBP for treatment decisions and not for assessment decisions. Educational systems potentially present other challenges that need to be considered for EBP implementation. Considerations for implementation science and the research-to-practice gap are discussed.

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