Effect of Ginger Essential Oil on in Vitro Gas Production, Rumen Fermentation and Methane Production

Fodder shrub, Flemingia macrophylla silage (FMS), was nutritionally evaluated for rumen fermentation characteristics using an in vitro gas production technique. Dietary treatments were imposed in a 2 × 7 factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design. The first factor was two ratios of roughage:concentrate (R:C at 60:40 and 40:60), and the second factor was seven levels of FMS supplementation at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 g/kg of dietary substrate. The results revealed that a R:C ratio at 40:60 increased the kinetics of gas production (P < 0.001). Moreover, supplementation of FMS increased in vitro degradability and the concentration of propionic acid (P < 0.001), whereas acetic acid concentration, protozoal population and methane production were reduced (P < 0.001). In conclusion, supplementation of FMS at 120 g/kg of dietary substrate improved rumen fermentation and subsequently reduced methane production. However, in vivo feeding trials using FMS should be conducted to gain more information for further implementations.

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In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Production of PUFA-Containing Rations as Treated by Flavonoid and Essential Oil from Piper betle L.

10.20944/preprints201904.0156.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Rayudika Aprilia Patindra Purba ◽

Pramote Paengkoum ◽

Chalermpon Yuangklang

Keyword(s):

Sunflower Oil ◽

Methane Production ◽

Ammonia Level ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Gas Production ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Ruminal Fermentation ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Secondary Function

This study had the objective to evaluate the effect of Piper betle L. powder (PP) at 5 different doses in substrate incubated by sunflower oil as secondary function of PUFA using in vitro gas production technique. The treatments of this study were run as a 2X5 factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design using the PROC GLM procedure of SAS 9.4: (1) control (S1) without supplementation of PP; (2) 15 mg PP (S2); (3) 30 mg PP (S3); (4) 45 mg PP (S4); and (5) 60 mg PP (S5), while sunflower oil was supplemented in all treatments: low 15 mg/incubation and high 30 mg/incubation. A 500 mg of TMR (hay: concentrate, 50:50) was assigned to basal substrate. The PP containing 1.84 mg/g DM quercetin and 1.00 mg/g DM eugenol altered rumen fermentation without change pH (p < 0.001) and methane production was lesser (p < 0.001) about -30% and -25% for DM and OM measurement, respectively. Gas kinetic, degradability, and ammonia level was significantly affected by supplementing PP (p < 0.01). Overall, this study suggested quercetin and eugenol deriving from PP acted three major accelerations: assembled carbon dioxide, behaved antimicrobial role and performed the balance water molecules in the rumen kinetic. This study suggests that PP promotes changing in vitro rumen fermentation and diminishing methane production within recommended doses, 0.1-15 mg/incubation in DM.

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Comparison of four in vitro gas production methods to study rumen fermentation kinetics of starch rich feeds

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200596379 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 1997 ◽

pp. 196-196

Author(s):

S. Fakhri ◽

A. R. Moss ◽

D.I. Givens ◽

E. Owen

Keyword(s):

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Gas Production ◽

Production Methods ◽

Fermentation Kinetics ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Production Techniques ◽

Kinetics Of

Recently, the automatic in vitro gas production techniques (e.g. Cone. 1994; Theodorou et al., 1994) have been developed to study rumen fermentation kinetics. Many approaches have been taken. This work investigates the suitability of different methods for estimating the rumen fermentation of two starch rich feedstuffs.

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Effect of Eucalyptus globulus leaves extracts on in vitro rumen fermentation, methanogenesis, degradability and protozoa population

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2018-0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 753-767 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Amina Boussaada ◽

Rabah Arhab ◽

Serena Calabrò ◽

Raffaella Grazioli ◽

Maria Ferrara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Eucalyptus Globulus ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Gas Production ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Ch4 Production ◽

In Vitro Gas Production

Abstract The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of three Eucalyptus globulus extracts rich in phenolic compounds, especially flavonoids, on rumen fermentation, methane (CH4) production, organic matter degradability and protozoa population using an in vitro gas production technique. Four concentrations (0, 50, 75 and 100 mg) of three Eucalyptus extracts (ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous) were added to a diet of ruminants (forage: concentrate ratio 60:40) and incubated at 39°C under anaerobiosis with buffered rumen fluid. After 24 h, the fermentation fluid was analysed for ammonia-N and volatile fatty acids (VFA). Organic matter degradability (OMD) and protozoa were also determined; in vitro gas production was also recorded and CH4 concentration was measured. Compared to the control, CH4 production was significantly lower for ethyl acetate extract (P<0.05), but higher for n-butanol and aqueous extracts. Production of ammonia- N was lower in all Eucalyptus extracts (P<0.05). Propionate production (P<0.05) increased for ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts, whereas no effect was registered for VFA, for all Eucalyptus extracts. Ethyl acetate extract decreased in vitro OMD (P<0.05), whereas n-butanol and aqueous extracts were comparable to the control. Protozoa population decreased (P<0.05) for all extracts in comparison with the control. Eucalyptus ethyl acetate extract might be promising to be used as a potent anti-methanogenic additive. Moreover, the assessment of the right dosage seems to be important to decrease methane production, without reducing feed nutritional value.

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Rumen fermentation kinetics as impacted by red amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus, L) leaf powder using in vitro gas production technique

10.21203/rs.3.rs-20200/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Thiwakorn Ampapon ◽

Bounnaxay Viennasay ◽

Metha Wanapat

Keyword(s):

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Gas Production ◽

Amaranthus Cruentus ◽

Randomized Design ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Two Factors ◽

Dry Matter Degradation ◽

Leaf Powder ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Abstract Background A need for research searching for alternative rumen enhancers warrants immediate attention. The in vitro fermentation experiment was conducted using factorial arrangement of two factors of roughage to concentrate and seven level of red amaranth leaf powder percentage of total substrate in a Completely randomized design (CRD). Two factors, namely Factor A was two ratio of roughage (R) to concentrate (C) at 60:40 and 40:60 and Factor B was level of red amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus, L) leaf powder (RALP) supplementation at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12% of total dietary substrate. Results Red amaranth leaf powder (RALP) contained phytonutrients both condensed tannins and saponins in addition with high macro minerals (Ca, K, and Mg). This experiment revealed innovations of the RALP supplementation by enhancing rumen propionate (C3) production, reducing acetate (C2) to (C3) ratio, reducing protozoal population and mitigating methane (CH4) production. Furthermore, rumen dry matter degradation percentages were remarkably enhanced (P < 0.001) by increasing RALP supplementation. Conclusion Plants rich in phytonutrients and minerals such as red amaranth leaf powder (RALP) have a vital and promising role in modulating rumen fermentation, mitigating methane production, as well as increasing substrate degradability.

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Silage of Intercropping Corn, Palisade Grass, and Pigeon Pea Increases Protein Content and Reduces In Vitro Methane Production

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10111784 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1784

Author(s):

Beatriz Ligoski ◽

Lucas Ferreira Gonçalves ◽

Flavio Lopes Claudio ◽

Estenio Moreira Alves ◽

Ana Maria Krüger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Methane Production ◽

Nutritional Quality ◽

Production Systems ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Pigeon Pea ◽

Gas Production ◽

In Vitro Gas Production

Legume–grass intercropping systems are a sustainable option to improve nutritional quality of animal feed and decrease livestock greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, the present study evaluated yield, chemical composition and in vitro gas production of silages produced with intercropped palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha.(A.Rich.) R.D.Webster), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan cv. Super N) and corn (Zea mays. L.). Forage was harvested and placed inside micro-silos, which were opened after 100 days and samples were collected for chemical composition and in vitro gas production analyses. Intercropped silage had higher crude protein, acid detergent fiber, and lignin content than corn silage. Moreover, intercropped silage decreased total gas and methane production. Therefore, intercropped silage showed potential to increase conserved feed nutritional quality and reduce methane emissions in livestock production systems.

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Relationships between patterns of rumen fermentation measured in sheep and in situ degradability and the in vitro gas production profile of the diet

Animal Feed Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/s0377-8401(02)00215-8 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 101 (1-4) ◽

pp. 31-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

C Rymer ◽

D.I Givens

Keyword(s):

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Gas Production ◽

In Vitro Gas Production

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Effect of type and inclusion level of cold-pressed oilseed cakes on in vitro rumen fermentation

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an14258 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 54 (10) ◽

pp. 1709 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

H. Benhissi ◽

A. García-Rodríguez ◽

I. Beltrán de Heredia

Keyword(s):

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Gas Production ◽

Barley Straw ◽

High Fat ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Fat Level ◽

Total Fat ◽

Cold Pressed ◽

In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

The current study was conducted to explore the impact of inclusion of different types and levels of cold-pressed oilseed cakes on in vitro rumen fermentation and gas production parameters. Two batch fermentation trials (24 and 96 h) were conducted using the in vitro gas production technique. In each trial, three types of lipid sources [palm fat (PF), cold-pressed rapeseed cake (CPRC) and cold-pressed sunflower cake (CPSC)] × two levels of total fat (30 and 60 g/kg DM) were evaluated. Incubated substrates were made from iso-energetic and isoproteic basal mixtures of barley straw and concentrate (ratio 10 : 90). During the 24-h incubation trial, samples were collected 24 h post-incubation to measure volatile fatty acids (VFA) and methane production. The 96-h incubation was used to assess the rate and extent of in vitro gas production. CPSC showed lower total VFA (P < 0.001) and methane (P < 0.001) production, compared with PF and CPRC. High fat level decreased total VFA (P < 0.001) and methane (P < 0.001) production compared with low level of inclusion. Molar proportions of individual VFA and acetate to propionate ratio were not affected by lipid supplementation. CPSC reduced (P = 0.006) asymptotic gas production at high fat level, compared with PF and CPRC. Neither supplementation level nor type of lipid affected the fractional gas production rate or lag time. In conclusion, there was no difference in ruminal fermentation when either CPRC or PF were added but CPSC altered microbial fermentation in vitro at a total fat level of 60 g/kg DM.

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