scholarly journals Description of the Agrostis Capillaris L. - Festuca Rubra L. Grassland Type

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin PĂCURAR ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Nicoleta GÂRDA ◽  
Anca BOGDAN
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Agrostis Capillaris ◽  
Grassland Type

The Agrostis capillaris-Festuca rubra’s phytocenosis has a floristic diversity between 20 - 52 species and it is characterised as mesophilous, moderate acidophilous, moderate nitrophilous and medium resistant for mowing, treading and grazing.

scholarly journals Research on the Influence of Organic Fertilizing and Mulching on Productivity and Phytodiversity on Oligotrophic Grasslands

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Ágnes BALáZSI ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Florin PÄ‚CURAR ◽  
Roxana VIDICAN ◽  
Anca BOGDAN
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Agrostis Capillaris ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Apuseni Mountains ◽  
Grassland Type

Organic fertilizers have an influence on the floristic composition of grasslands. Fertilizing with manure favours the phytodiversity of grasslands. The objective of the study was to follow the influence of mulching and organic fertilizing in small quantities and at various time intervals upon dry matter yield and phytodiversity of Agrostis capillaris L. - Festuca rubra L. grassland type in the Apuseni Mountains. Seven treatments  ( control  ( mowed 1/year ) ; mulch 1/year; mulch 1/year + 5 t/ha manure /year; mulch 1/year + 5 t/ha manure/2 years; mulch 1/year + 10 t/ha manure/2 years; mulch 1/year + 10 t/ha manure/3 years; abandonment )  were evaluated experimentally. Organic fertilizing in low quantities could be a way to maintain the floristic diversity of oligotrophic grasslands in Apuseni Mountains.

scholarly journals The Influence of Different Type of Management upon the Floristic Structure of Grasslands Systems, with Special Attention on Arnica montana L.

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Didier HUYGENS ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Roxana VIDICAN ◽  
Florin PÄ‚CURAR ◽  
Lucien CARLIER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Agrostis Capillaris ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Apuseni Mountains ◽  
Grassland Type ◽  
Floristic Structure

Organic fertilizers have an influence on the floristic composition of grasslands. Fertilizing with manure favours the phytodiversity of grasslands. The objective of the study was to follow the influence of mulching and organic fertilizing in small quantities and at various time intervals upon dry matter yield and phytodiversity of Agrostis capillaris L. - Festuca rubra L. grassland type in the Apuseni Mountains. Seven treatments  ( witness  ( mowed 1/year ) ; mulch 1/year; mulch 1/year + 5 t/ha manure /year; mulch 1/year + 5 t/ha manure/2 years; mulch 1/year + 10 t/ha manure/2 years; mulch 1/year + 10 t/ha manure/3 years; abandonment )  were evaluated experimentally. Organic fertilizing in low quantities could be a way to maintain the floristic diversity of oligotrophic grasslands in Apuseni Mountains.

scholarly journals Research Concerning the Structure and Functioning of Low-Input Grassland Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin PĂCURAR ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Anca BOGDAN ◽  
Roxana VIDICAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Agrostis Capillaris ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Apuseni Mountains ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Grassland Type ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Grassland Types

The organic fertilizers’ application and the traditional use for long periods of time have influenced the rich plant diversity in Apuseni Mountains, Romania. The objective of this study was to identify the effect of manure’s application upon the plant diversity and productivity of Festuca rubra L. –Agrostis capillaris L. grasslands. The experimental field evaluated four variants (V1: control, V2: 10 t ha-1 manure, V3: 20 t ha-1 manure, V4: 30 t ha-1 manure). After ten years, important changes at the sward level were observed. The control’s phytocenosis is naturally represented by Festuca rubra L. - Agrostis capillaris L. grassland type. Then, following the application of organic fertilizers, Trisetum flavescens L. - Agrostis capillaris L. appeared. The large quantities of organic fertilizers produced a considerable limitation on plant diversity. The applied treatments do not produce any important improvement of the grassland types’ agronomic value. Taking account the influence of organic fertilizers upon the DM yield, plant diversity and agronomic value, it is considered that the treatment with 10 t ha -1 manure annually applied produces optimum changes and might be taken into consideration for the low-input systems in Apuseni Mountains

scholarly journals Effect of legume proportion and physiological age on forage quality and the suitability of Agrostis capillaris L. and Festuca rubra L. for silage making

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 315-323
Author(s):  
H. Laser ◽  
W. Opitz von Boberfeld
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Agrostis Capillaris ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Plot Design

The chemical and physical properties of herbage from low-input grassland usually differ from plant material of intensively managed swards. The experiment in split-plot design with four replicates was carried out to examine, whether legume proportions and the physiological age of herbage are relevant to fermentability of herbage. Lotus corniculatus did not increase nitrate concentrations sufficiently in Festuca rubra and most Agrostis capillaris swards to be able to avoid clostridial fermentation. However, Lotus corniculatus reduced the WSC/BC ratio of the grasses grown in mixture and that of the complete herbage of the mixtures. A late first cut in summer had an unexpected positive effect on the WSC/BC ratio of the grasses in pure stands, though reduced nutritive value of silages made from plants of advanced maturity stages are in all probability because of low energy concentrations in the fresh matter even with high yield proportions of the legume. Absence of fertilisation and late utilisation do not affect the chemical requirements for the fermentation process of grass-rich herbage in principle. However, silage making under these conditions is very demanding concerning ensilage technique: it may be necessary to use nitrate additives and higher fibre contents makes it more difficult to compact herbage.

scholarly journals Respuestas fotosintéticas de especies pascícolas crecidas en monocultivo y en cultivo mixto a la interacción de la concentración de CO2 y la sequía

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Angela P. Salamanca R.
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Agrostis Capillaris ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

El presente artículo recoge los resultados de una investigación relacionada con los efectos del cambio climático en especies pascícolas: leguminosas (Trifolium repens L. y Trifolium pratense L.) y gramíneas (Agrostis capillaris L. y Festuca rubra L.), bajo condiciones de estrés hídrico y a la  concentración actual de CO2 (370ppm) o a la que se prevé para el futuro (740ppm). Así mismo, los estudios se desarrollaron tanto en competencia mono específica como en competencia mixta. Para llevar a cabo este objetivo, se realizaron las siguientes determinaciones: se analizaron los parámetros fotosintéticos de asimilación (A), conductancia estomática (gs), concentración interna de CO2 (Ci), transpiración instantánea (E) y eficiencia instantánea en el uso del agua (ITE) bajo las diferentes condiciones de crecimiento. Nuestros resultados muestran que en condiciones de sequía y a CO2 ambiental las especies pascícolas reducen la respuesta a los parámetros de intercambio gaseoso. Por otro lado, ocurre un descenso del crecimiento asociado a la caída de la asimilación y al descenso del estado hídrico de la planta. Además, las plantas reducen la tasa de transpiración por cierre estomático lo que conlleva un incremento de la ITE. Bajo condiciones de elevado CO2, la reducción del crecimiento que la sequía provoca es inferior, como resultado de tasas fotosintéticas más elevadas, ITE superior, menor transpiración y en consecuencia mayores producciones de PS por planta. Las especies más tolerantes a la sequía cuando están en competencia intraespecifica son las gramíneas (A. capillaris y  F. rubra) y cuando la competencia es interespecifica la especie tolerante es el T. pratense. Todo ello pone de manifiesto que bajo nuestras condiciones de estudio el elevado CO2 tiene efectos beneficiosos sobre la fisiología de las especies pascícolas e  incrementa la tolerancia a la sequía, pero que dicha respuesta depende, además, de las condiciones de competencia en que se desarrollen.

scholarly journals Mineral Fertilization with UAN on Natural Grassland Festuca rubra L. with Agrostis capillaries L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Ioan Rotar ◽  
Mirela Cirebea ◽  
Roxana Vidican ◽  
Florin Păcurar ◽  
Anamaria Mălinaş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Grassland Type ◽  
Natural Grassland

An important part of efficient livestock production is ensuring the sufficient grass for hay and pasture. However, low soil nutrient levels often limit forage production. With good fertilizer management and soil fertility, the productivity of many hay and pasture fields can be greatly improved. Through good fertilizer management, the productivity of many hay and pasture fields can be significantly improved by Ross H. McKenzie (2005). The aim of this paper was the effect of fertilization with liquid fertilizer (UAN) the harvest of dry and floristic composition changing on natural grassland. The experiment whose results we present was placed in 2014 in the place in Baisoara Mountain village, Cluj County. Experience has been placed on the Festuca rubra and Agrostis capillaries - of grassland type. The natural grassland of Festuca rubra with Agrostis capillaries responded very well to mineral fertilizers with liquid fertilizer UAN. The floristic composition of natural grassland fertilized with liquid fertilizers based on nitrogen, it can be seen an increase the Gramineae families and an evidence downward trend from Fabaceae families.

scholarly journals Secondary succession of spontaneous flora after deforestation and self–reforestation

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-306
Author(s):  
Ján Novák ◽  
P. Obtulovič ◽  
J. Nemeš
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Agrostis Capillaris ◽  
Charolais Cattle ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

The experimental plots are located on a farm in a mountainous area at an altitude of 845 m above the sea level with the soil type cambisol. After leaving pasture grassland in about 50 years created a forest community with 45.06 per cent share of woody plants. After it has been deforested was doing research on a variant grazing with Charolais cattle and compared with deforested grassland without management leaving the development without human intervention. On the variant without management for three years we recorded 58 plant species with woody plants. Cover of grasses was reduced, for example Agrostis capillaris L. from 15 to 0.78% and Festuca rubra from 5,33 to the tracks, like the pre­sence of herbs, on the contrary increased the percentage of woody plants as Betula pendula from 4.08 to 13.52%, Cerasus avium from 3.07 to 16 28% and Populus tremula from 16.22 to 47.88%. Proportion of woody plants in the third year of research accounted for up to 77.68 per cent stake. Dominant Populus tremula amounted to 2.50 m high and mean diameter 30 mm. Grazing control variant for three years consisted of community – Agrostis Festucetum rubrae with 66 plant species and dominance of other herbs (53.66%). Significantly increased the proportion of grasses, for example Agrostis capillaris from 5.67 to 15.61%, Festuca rubra from 5.02 to 8.42%, Festuca pratensis from 3.84 to 4.40% and Dactylis glomerata from 2.46 to 4.46%. The variant without management significantly increased levels of C : N at depths of 0–200 mm from 10.88–12.65 to 14–16.53, compared with a variant of grazing (from 9.36–12.41 to 6.93–10.46). The evaluation of phosphorus and potassium in two depths, in the C : N ratio, but also in botanical composition from 2006 to 2008, we found statistically highly significant differences in the variant with self–reforestation without management (BM) compared with grazing control variant after deforestation.

scholarly journals Studies on the sensitivity of some species and cultivars of lawn grasses on salinity with sodium chloride during the seed germination and first year of growth

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Borowski
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
First Year ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Agrostis Capillaris ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Nacl Salinity

Abstract In the years 2005 - 2006 studies were conducted in a growth chamber and a vegetation hall which compared tolerance to NaCl salinity of seeds and plants of some lawn grasses. The effect of sodium chloride salinity on the germination of 4 species of grasses i.e. Lolium perenne cv. ‘Info’, Festuca rubra cv. ‘Audio’, Agrostis capillaris cv. ‘Niwa’, Poa pratensis cv. ‘Alicja’ and 4 cultivars of Lolium prenne - ‘Nira’, ‘Stadion’, ‘Ronija’, ‘Darius’ was studied. The grass seeds germinated in Petri dishes, in darkness, at the temperature of 24°C. Besides the control, 3 levels of salinity were used in the studies: 100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl. The obtained results demonstrated that the growing level of salinity in the environment significantly decreased the germinating speed, the number of the produced roots, the length of the longest root, and the length of the coleoptile in the seedlings of all studied grass species. Lolium perenne seeds tolerated salinity the best, and next - in a diminishing sequence - those were the seeds of Festuca rubra, Agrostis capillaris and Poa pratensis. However, the obtained data showed that tolerance to salinity of the analyzed cultivars of Lolium prenne decreased in the following sequence ‘Ronija’ > ‘Stadion’ > ‘Nira’ > ‘Darius’. In a vegetation hall tolerance to NaCl salinity of these 4 cultivars of Lolium perenne in the first year growth was compared. The plants grew in pots of 2 dm3 filled with a mixture of universal earth and river sand (3:1 / v:v) with the soil moisture of 70% and 3 levels of salinity: 0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl. The obtained results demonstrated that in all studied cultivars the increase of the salinity level caused a significant decrease of the yield of the leaf dry weight from the successive grass crops, and an increase of the content of sodium, chloride and free proline in them. The greatest tolerance to NaCl salinity in the group of the studied cultivars was shown by ‘Ronija’, medium tolerance - by ‘Darius’ and ‘Stadion’, and the lowest one - by ‘Nira’. This resulted from the degree of accumulation of Na+ and Cl- ions and proline in those conditions. The cultivars with higher tolerance accumulated fewer osmotically active compounds in the leaves.

scholarly journals Vegetation changes of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class in the Bystra valley, eastern Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Kulik ◽  
Ryszard Baryła ◽  
Marianna Warda ◽  
Ewa Stamirowska-Krzaczek
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Ecological Indicators ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
The Mean

The study objective was to analyze and assess the vegetation changes of the meadows (<em>Mo­linio-Arrhenatheretea</em> class) located in the valley of the Bystra River in eastern Poland after a period of 38 years, and to identify the direction of plant communities succession. The studies were conducted in the years 1973 and 2011 on grasslands belonging to farmers. The floristic diversity was identified based on the phytosociological structure and mean number of species calculated based on the number of species in the particular relevés of the phytocenosis under study. The highest frequency of occurrence was demonstrated by the <em>Poa pratensis</em>-<em>Festuca rubra</em> community within which more than half of the patches persisted over the 38-year period. New communities (<em>Scirpetum sylvatici</em>, <em>Alopecuretum pratensis</em>, <em>Lythro-Filipenduletum</em>) appeared after the withdrawal of habitats of the <em>Phragmitetea</em> class, due to the lowering of the groundwater level. A portion of the meadows and pastures were transformed into arable fields, gardens or building plots. Among ecological indicators, the greatest differences were observed in the mean soil moisture values between the two years compared, both for all meadows and the predominant community, which indicates an increase in habitat humidity.

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