scholarly journals Effect of Lingonberry Extracts on Blood Pressure and Myocardium in Paracetamol Intoxication

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Ioana ROMAN ◽  
Anca Daniela FARCAS ◽  
Vlad Alexandru TOMA
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Dried Extract ◽  
Antihypertensive Properties ◽  
Paracetamol Intoxication

The 15 days of treatment with paracetamol, lingonberry dried extract or hidroalcoholic extract, alone or combined had following effects: blood pressure increases following administration of paracetamol and decreases under treatment with lingonberry extract, more obvious to 3: 1 lingonberry dried extract. Administration of Paracetamol, lingonberry extracts used simple or in combination with Paracetamol does not affect the myocardium histological structure. Histoenzimological there is a slight decrease of SDH activity in the groups P and PLd and an increase in Lha group. CyOx activity is increased in Lha and Ld group.The dried lingonberry extract has no apparent action on the myocardium instead has antihypertensive properties more obvious than the lingonberry alcoholic extract.

scholarly journals The Effects of Oral l-Arginine and l-Citrulline Supplementation on Blood Pressure

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1679 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Khalaf ◽  
Marcus Krüger ◽  
Markus Wehland ◽  
Manfred Infanger ◽  
Daniela Grimm
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Current Data ◽  
No Production ◽  
First Pass Metabolism ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antihypertensive Properties ◽  
Pass Metabolism

Nitric oxide (NO) is a well-known vasodilator produced by the vascular endothelium via the enzyme endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). The inadequate production of NO has been linked to elevated blood pressure (BP) in both human and animal studies, and might be due to substrate inaccessibility. This review aimed to investigate whether oral administration of the amino acids l-arginine (Arg) and l-citrulline (Cit), which are potential substrates for eNOS, could effectively reduce BP by increasing NO production. Both Arg and Cit are effective at increasing plasma Arg. Cit is approximately twice as potent, which is most likely due to a lower first-pass metabolism. The current data suggest that oral Arg supplementation can lower BP by 5.39/2.66 mmHg, which is an effect that is comparable with diet changes and exercise implementation. The antihypertensive properties of Cit are more questionable, but are likely in the range of 4.1/2.08 to 7.54/3.77 mmHg. The exact mechanism by which Cit and Arg exert their effect is not fully understood, as normal plasma Arg concentration greatly exceeds the Michaelis constant (Km) of eNOS. Thus, elevated plasma Arg concentrations would not be expected to increase endogenous NO production significantly, but have nonetheless been observed in other studies. This phenomenon is known as the “l-arginine paradox”.

scholarly journals The depressor nerve of the rabbit

1922 ◽  
Vol 93 (651) ◽  
pp. 230-234 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Regulation Of Blood Pressure

Since the discovery of the depressor nerve, much work has been done in connexion with its important influence on the regulation of blood- pressure, but (so far as I am aware) no attempt has been made to determine its histological structure. Origin and Course of the Depressor. Cyont gives the following description of the origin of the nerve. The depressor nerve in the animals worked upon usually begins with two branches at the point of departure of the superior laryngeal nerve from the vagus, one from each of the two nerves. The nerve soon after its origin passes towards the cervical sympathetic, in company with which it descends the neck towards the inferior cervical ganglion. With this ganglion it is often connected by fine branches: it then turns inward past the subclavian artery, and loses itself at the base of the heart, to which it passes from behind between the pulmonary artery and the aorta. Just before entering the heart tissue the two depressors lie close to one another.

scholarly journals Clerodendrum Chinensis Extracts; AeC and EeC Exerts Rapid Antihypertensive Effects in L-NAME Hypertensive Experimental Models

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy I. Odimegwu ◽  
Tolulope F. Okanlawon ◽  
Obumneme Noel ◽  
Ismail Ishola
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Antihypertensive Properties ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe rise in occurrence of hypertension, a non-communicable disease and a major factor for chronic renal failure, cardiovascular disease, and stroke, which most times lead to sudden death is worrisome. Resistant hypertension is more common and may have no symptoms at all for months or years, but then can cause heart attack, stroke, and vision and kidney damage. Prevention and quick management of hypertension are therefore essential in reducing the risk of these debilitating ailments. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Clerodendrum chinensis (AeC and EeC) are used by local communities of West Africa as medicine for rapid antihypertensive actions. We aim to discover the scientific basis for the use of the herb as medicine.MethodsThis work investigates the antihypertensive effects of AeC and EeC in L-Arginine Methyl Ester Hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats Acetylcholine, L-Arginine and Sodium Nitroprusside were used as standards. All results were expressed as means ± standard error of mean. Differences were considered significant at p <0.05.ResultsIntravenous administration of the extracts caused a significant decrease in the Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MABP) in a dose-dependent manner. AeC at 100mg/kg caused a significant decline in blood pressure in a dose-related manner. Likewise at 100mg/kg, EeC reduced MABP steadily from 103.9± 2.55 to 34.1± 0.95mmHg. The two extracts; possess significant antihypertensive properties.ConclusionsBoth extracts show significant antihypertensive effects and at high doses could lead to hypotension and so should be used with care. Further research is necessary to determine safe dosage forms.

Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Vascular Pathology and Reactivity in Hypertension

2003 ◽  
Vol 228 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marguerite M. Engler ◽  
Mary B. Engler ◽  
Diane M. Pierson ◽  
Loredana Brizio Molteni ◽  
Agostino Molteni
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Extracellular Calcium ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Contractile Responses ◽  
Vascular Responses ◽  
Antihypertensive Properties

Previous studies have shown that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has an antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). To investigate possible mechanisms for this effect, vascular pathology and reactivity were determined in SHR treated with dietary DHA. SHR (7 weeks) were fed a purified diet with either a combination of corn/soybean oils or a DHA-enriched oil for 6 weeks. Histological evaluation of heart tissue, aorta, coronary, and renal arteries was performed. Vascular responses were determined in isolated aortic rings. Contractile responses to agonists, including norepinephrine (10–9 to 10–4 M), potassium chloride (5–55 mM), and angiotensin II (5 × 10–7 M) were assessed. Vasorelaxant responses to acetylcholine (10–9 to 10–4 M), sodium nitroprusside (10–9 to 10–6 M), papaverine ((10–5 to (10–4 M), and methoxyverapamil (D600, 1–100 μM) were determined. DHA-fed SHR had significantly reduced blood pressure (P < 0.001) and vascular wall thicknesses in the coronary, thoracic, and abdominal aorta compared with controls (P < 0.05) Contractile responses to agonists mediated by receptor stimulation and potassium depolarization were not altered in DHA-fed SHR. Endothelial-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine were not altered which suggests endothelial-derived nitric oxide production/release is not affected by dietary DHA. Other mechanisms of vascular relaxation, including intracellular cyclic nucleotides, cGMP, and cAMP were not altered by dietary DHA because aortic relaxant responses to sodium nitroprusside and papaverine were similar in control and DHA-fed SHR. No significant differences were seen in relaxant responses to the calcium channel blocker, D600, or contractile responses to norepinephrine in the absence of extracellular calcium. These results suggest that dietary DHA does not affect mechanisms related to extracellular calcium channels or intracellular calcium mobilization. Moreover, the contractile and vasorelaxant responses are not differentially altered with dietary DHA in this in vivo SHR model. The findings demonstrate that dietary DHA reduces systolic blood pressure and vascular wall thickness in SHR. This may contribute to decrease arterial stiffness and pulse pressure, in addition to the antihypertensive properties of DHA. The antihypertensive properties of DHA are not related to alterations in vascular responses.

scholarly journals Hypotensive and Antihypertensive Properties and Safety for Use of Annona muricata and Persea americana and Their Combination Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Authentia Sokpe ◽  
Merlin L. K. Mensah ◽  
George A. Koffuor ◽  
Kwesi P. Thomford ◽  
Richmond Arthur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Antihypertensive Properties

Introduction. In the management of hypertension (a cardiovascular disease and the leading metabolic risk factor in noncommunicable diseases) with herbal medicines, efficacy and safety are of uttermost concern. This study sought to establish hypotensive, antihypertensive, drug interaction, and safety for use of the aqueous leaf extracts of Annona muricata (AME), Persea americana (PAE), or their combination products (CAPE). Methodology. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) were measured in normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats treated with 50–150 mg/kg of AME, PAE, or CAPE to establish a hypotensive effect. “Combination index” was calculated to establish interaction between AME and PAE. The antihypertensive effect of CAPE was established by measuring SBP, DBP, MAP, and HR in ethanol-sucrose- and epinephrine-induced hypertension. Full blood count, liver and kidney function tests, and urinalysis were determined in ethanol/sucrose-induced hypertension to establish safety for use. Results. AME, PAE, and CAPE significantly ( p ≤ 0.001 ) decreased BP in both normotensive and hypertensive animals. Effects of CAPE 1, CAPE 2, and CAPE 3 were synergistic (combination indices of 0.65 ± 0.07, 0.76 ± 0.09, and 0.87 ± 0.07, respectively). There was a significant decrease ( p ≤ 0.01 − 0.001 ) in SBP and MAP with 100 mg/kg CAPE 1 and 75 mg/kg CAPE 2 treatment in hypertension as well as with nifedipine ( p ≤ 0.001 ) treatment. Epinephrine-induced hypertension in anesthetized cats was significantly and dose-dependently inhibited ( p < 0.05 − 0.001 ) by 25–100 mg/ml CAPE 1 and 37.5–75 mg/ml CAPE 2. CAPE administration had no deleterious effect ( p > 0.05 ) on full blood count, liver and kidney function, and urine composition in hypertensive rats. Conclusion. The aqueous leaf extracts of Annona muricata, Persea americana, and their combination products possess antihypertensive properties, with combination products showing synergism and safety with use.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the in vivo Antihypertensive Effect and Antioxidant Activity of HL-7 and HL-10 Peptide in Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Setayesh-Mehr ◽  
Leila Vafadar Ghasemi ◽  
Ahmad Asoodeh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Scorpion Venom ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Antihypertensive Properties ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Hl 7

Abstract In this study, the in vivo antioxidant and antihypertensive properties of peptides HL-7 with the sequence of YLYELR and HL-10 with the sequence of AFPYYGHHLG were identified from scorpion venom of H. lepturus were evaluated. To study the in vivo effects of peptides, D-galactose-induced and DOCA salt-induced mice models were used. The results of the antioxidant assay for both peptides showed that the activity of serum and liver catalase (CAT), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, was significantly decreased in the D-galactose-induced group (NC), while MDA levels were increased in serum and the liver tissue samples (p<0.01). Compared with the D-galactose-induced mice, the peptide treated mice group had a higher activity of antioxidant enzymes namely CAT and SOD, as well as a lower lipid peroxidation level. Also, the results of antihypertensive activity for both peptides showed that systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the mice treated with the HL-7 and HL-10 peptides were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01). The administration of the HL-7 peptide at doses of 5 mg/kg BW (LP1) and 15 mg/kg BW (HP1) significantly diminished the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) by 31 mmHg and 40.47 mmHg, respectively. Accordingly, treatment of mice with the HL-10 peptide at doses of 5 mg/kg BW (LP2) and 15 mg/kg BW (HP2) considerably lowered the MAP by 18.3 mmHg and 21.93 mmHg, respectively. Our findings suggest that both the HL-7 and HL-10 peptides could be potentially utilized as antihypertensive and antioxidant components.

Antihypertensive properties of a nitric oxide-releasing naproxen derivative in two-kidney, one-clip rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. H528-H535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo N. Muscará ◽  
Webb McKnight ◽  
Fina Lovren ◽  
Christopher R. Triggle ◽  
Giuseppe Cirino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Nitric Oxide Releasing ◽  
Antihypertensive Properties ◽  
Hypotensive Response

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been reported to exacerbate hypertension. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that a nitric oxide-releasing derivative of naproxen would ameliorate hypertension in the rat. Hypertension was induced by partially occluding one renal artery (the “2K,1C” model), and 2 wk later the rats started receiving naproxen, the nitric oxide-releasing derivative HCT-3012, or vehicle each day for 2 wk. Naproxen significantly exacerbated the hypertension. HCT-3012 significantly reduced blood pressure relative to both the naproxen- and vehicle-treated groups. Both naproxen and HCT-3012 markedly suppressed whole blood thromboxane B2 synthesis. In studies of anesthetized rats, naproxen significantly enhanced the late hypertensive response to endothelin-1 and significantly blunted the early hypotensive response. In contrast, HCT-3102 did not affect either response to endothelin-1. In vitro, HCT-3012 significantly reduced the responsiveness of aortic rings to the contractile effects of phenylephrine. These studies suggest that HCT-3012 reduces blood pressure in hypertensive rats, not simply through the vasodilatory actions of the nitric oxide it releases, but through alterations in the responsiveness of the vasculature to endogenous pressor agents.

scholarly journals Studies to Elucidate the Effects of Furostanol Glycosides from Dioscorea deltoidea Cell Culture in a Rat Model of Endothelial Dysfunction

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Korokin ◽  
Oleg Gudyrev ◽  
Vladimir Gureev ◽  
Liliya Korokina ◽  
Anna Peresypkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Dioscorea Deltoidea ◽  
Furostanol Glycosides ◽  
Nitric Oxide Metabolites ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

Currently, there is no doubt surrounding a theory that the cardiotropic effects of sex hormones can be due to their direct effect on the cardiovascular system. In recent years, interest in the study of steroid glycosides has increased. We studied the effects of furostanol glycosides (protodioscin and deltozid) from the cell culture of the Dioscorea deltoidea (laboratory code DM-05) on the physiological and biochemical parameters of vascular endothelial function in hypoestrogen-induced endothelial dysfunction after bilateral ovariectomy. It was shown that the use of DM-05 at a dose of 1 mg/kg makes it possible to prevent the development of arterial hypertension (the level of systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreases by 9.7% (p < 0.05) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 8.2%), to achieve a decrease in the coefficient of endothelial dysfunction by 1.75 times against the background of a hypoestrogenic state. With DM-05, an increase in the concentration of stable nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) by 45.6% (p < 0.05) and an increase in mRNA endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression by 34.8% (p < 0.05) was established, which indicates a positive effect of furostanol glycosides on the metabolism of nitric oxide after ovariectomy. Positive dynamics in the histological structure of the heart and the abdominal aorta indicate the pronounced endothelio- and atheroprotective effects of DM-05.

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