scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Agronomic Traits in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooran GOLKAR ◽  
Ahmad ARZANI ◽  
Abdolmajid REZAEI
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Genetics of agronomic traits in safflower was determined using 6×6 full diallel population. Data were recorded on days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, primary branches per plant, head diameter, number of heads per plant, number of seeds per head, 1000-seed weight and seed yield per plant. Variance components showed that days to maturity and heads per plant were largely controlled by dominance gene effects, whereas 1000-seed weight, plant height and seeds per head were governed by additive type of gene action. The results also revealed both additive and non-additive types of gene actions for remaining traits. The significant mean squares of reciprocal crosses for days to flowering, head diameter, number of seeds per head, 1000-seed weight and seed yield per plant suggested that maternal inheritance also played an important role in the inheritance of these traits. Significant general combining ability for yield revealed that genetic improvement through accumulation of desirable alleles from parents in the target genotype using appropriate selection methods would be desirable in safflower.

Correlations and path analysis of yield components in synthetic varieties of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Göksoy ◽  
Z. Turan
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Synthetic Varieties ◽  
Number Of Seeds

This study was made in order to determine the correlations between seed yield and some yield components, and the direct and indirect effects of these characters on seed yield in sunflower. Four experimental synthetic varieties (Syn 1s), their parental mixtures (Syn Os) and two standard varieties (open pollinated: Vniimk 8931, and commercial hybrid: Sunbred-281) were evaluated in replicated field trials under Turkish conditions in 1995, 1996 and 1997. Agronomic characteristics such as plant height, head diameter, number of seeds per head, 1000-seed weight and seed yield were observed for correlations and path coefficient analysis.According to the results, seed yield gave significant positive correlations with plant height, head diameter, number of seeds per head and 1000-seed weight. The highest positive correlation was observed between seed yield and number of seeds per head (r=0.890**). Path analysis indicated that the number of seeds per head gave the greatest direct effect (+0.7269) on seed yield, followed by 1000-seed weight (+0.3215) and head diameter (+0.1689). The percentage of direct effects on seed yield was 80.8%, 50.6% and 24.0% for number of seeds per head, 1000-seed weight and head diameter, respectively.

scholarly journals Estimation of broad-sense heritability and variance components for seed yield and agronomic traits in native and exotic safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Tahernezhad ◽  
Jalal Saba ◽  
Mehrshad Zeinalabedini ◽  
Seyyed Safid Pourdad ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ghaffari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Number Of Seeds

This study was conducted to estimate broad-sense heritability and variance components for seed yield and some agronomic traits in 100 safflower genotypes. The experiments were carried out in two years at two locations in Iran. The number of seeds per capitol and harvest index had the highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), respectively. The estimated broad-sense heritability for plant height, days to physiological maturity, 1000-seed weight, days to flowering, number of seeds per capitol, number of capitols per plant and seed yield were 86, 76, 74, 70, 68, 44 and 16%, respectively. It was found that plant height, days to physiological maturity, 1000-seed weight, days to flowering and number of seeds per capitol were the least influenced by the environment. The number of capitols per plant and seed yield were most affected by the environment.

Combining abilities of certain characters and estimation of hybrid vigour in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Göksoy ◽  
Z. M. Turan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Number Of Seeds

This research was carried out in 1997 and 1998 in order to study the genetic structure of a hybrid population established from three CMS (cytoplasmic male sterile) lines and four pollen tester (restorer) lines, to identify the parents and crosses showing superior general and specific combining abilities and finally to evaluate F1 hybrid vigour. According to the results, the variance due to specific combining ability (SCA) was highly significant for seed yield, number of seeds per head and plant height. These traits of sunflower were influenced, mostly, by dominant gene actions. Neither general (GCA) nor specific combining ability (SCA) variances were found to be significant for head diameter and 1000-seed weight. most of the total genetic variation in these characteristics was caused by epistatic gene actions due to SCA variances, which were higher than GCA variances. The parental lines CMS381, CMS461, RHA684 and RHA892 had the highest positive GCA effects for seed yield and in terms of the other traits studied, but these effects were not significant for all the traits observed. The crosses CMS191×RHA723, CMS191×RHA892, CMS381×RHA684 and CMS461×RHA684 might be considered as promising combinations in terms of seed yield and yield components. The amounts of heterosis and heterobeltiosis ranged from -8.4 to +16.3% to -21.3 to +3.4% for plant height, from 46.3-82.3% to 20.3-48.3% for head diameter, from -14.8 to +52.6% to.-16.5 +46.9% for number of seeds per head, from -3.3 to +42.7 to -19.0 to +21.0% for 1000-seed weight and from 19.8-98.1 to 4.6-89.8% for seed yield.

STUDY OF EFFECT OF EMS, MMS AND GR ON YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN URDBEAN, VIGNA MUNGO

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. SAGADE
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The study of the effect of three well known mutagens, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), methyl methane sulphonate (MMS) and gamma rays (GR) on the yield contributing traits of the urdbean variety TPU-4 were carried out in the M3 generation. Effect of selected mutagenic treatments/doses of EMS (0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 M), MMS (0.0025, 0.05 and 0.01 M) and (GR) (30, 40 and 50 KR) on different yield contributing traits like plant height, plant spread, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant and 100 seed weight were analyzed in the M3 populations of the variety TPU-4. Seeds of M2 plants and control were harvested separately and sown to raise M3 population.. Genetic variabilty in the mutagen administered M3 progeny of the urdbean variety TPU-4 was analyzed by employing statistical methods. Data on mean values and shift in the mean of seven quantitative traits was evaluated on individual plant basis. The experimental findings revealed that concentrations / dose of the all these mutagens showed inhibitory effect on plant height, number of pods per plant, pod length and number of seeds per pod. Lower concentrations of mutagens exerted a promotory effect on plant spread, 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant while higher concentrations of these mutagens inhibited them to different extent.

Evaluation of some sunflower genotypes for agronomic traits and oil quality

Helia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Mohamed Aboelkassem ◽  
Asmaa Abd-EL-Halime Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Ali Abdelsatar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Abstract The present investigation was carried out to evaluate agronomic performance and oil quality of seven sunflower genotypes at Shandaweel Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Sohag, Egypt during 2018 and 2019 summer seasons. These genetic materials were sown in a randomized complete block design having three replications. Significant genetic variations among evaluated sunflower genotypes for agronomic traits and oil quality were observed. The superior sunflower genotypes were Line 120 for seed yield per hectare (3102.38 kg), Sakha 53 for seed oil content (44.63 %) and Line 125 for oil quality where it contained the highest proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (89.20 %). The phenotypic coefficients of variation were slightly higher than genotypic coefficients of variation for all studied traits. High heritability (exceeded 60%) and genetic advance as percent of mean (ranged from medium to high, exceeded 10%) was observed for most studied traits. Seed yield per plant positively correlated with plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, and 100-seed weight and most chemical traits at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Maximum phenotypic direct effects on seed yield per plant were observed for 100-seed weight, head diameter and total unsaturated fatty acids. While, the highest genotypic direct effect on seed yield per plant was observed for head diameter. Hence, most studied traits could be employed as selection criteria for improving evaluated sunflower genotypes.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization of 183 Turkish Common Bean Accessions for Agronomic, Trading, and Consumer-Preferred Plant Characteristics for Breeding Purposes

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azhar Nadeem ◽  
Tolga Karaköy ◽  
Mehmet Zahit Yeken ◽  
Ephrem Habyarimana ◽  
Ruştu Hatipoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Plant landraces represent a repository of a gene pool, local adaptation of their domestic species, and thereby are considered a great source of genetic variations. Such genetic variation can be helpful to mitigate the current and future food challenges. A total of 183 common bean accessions including three commercial varieties collected from 19 Turkish provinces were grown to record their morpho-agronomic variations and to evaluate the best performing accessions under multi-environmental conditions. Plant height, days to maturity, pods weight, seed length, and 100-seed weight were used to evaluate the best performing accessions under different environmental conditions. A wide range of variations for traits like days to maturity (99–161), plant height (21–168.7 cm), seed length (7.41–16.4 mm), seeds per plant (17.8–254.4), and 100-seeds weight (24.97–73.8 g) were observed and can be useful for breeding purposes. The analytic results derived from the first three eigenvectors suggested that plant height, plant weight, 100-seed weight, and days to flowering were biologically significant bean traits. Seed yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with plant weight and pods weight. Genotype × environment biplot discriminated the studied common bean accessions based on their plant height and growth habit. Plant height, days to maturity, seed width, and first pod height were found highly heritable traits and were least affected by environmental forces. Among 19 provinces, accessions of Bilecik showed maximum pods per plant, seed yield per plant and 100-seed weight, while Erzincan and Sivas provinces reflected the prevalence of bushy and early maturing accessions. Information provided herein comprehensively explored the occurrence of genotypic variations which can be used for the development of candidate varieties responding to breeder, farmer, and consumer preferences.

EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY ON THE AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SUNFLOWER ON DRYLAND

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. W. HOLT ◽  
S. J. CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Days To Maturity

This study investigated the influence of plant density on several agronomic traits of four sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars grown at Indian Head and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan in the semiarid prairies. At populations of 40 000–85 000 plants∙ha−1, plant density had no significant effect on seed yield. The increase in percentage oil content with increase in plant density (44.3–45.6%) was small but significant. As plant density was increased, days to flower, height and test weight increased while days to maturity, head diameter and average seed weight decreased. Cultivars × density interactions were generally not significant. Environment (five location-years) had a significant effect on all variables, and environments × cultivar interactions were significant for most of these. Results of this experiment indicated that testing of sunflower lines at several locations in the growing area would be necessary for best assessment but one plant density, suitable to that area, could be used.Key words: Sunflower, plant density, seed, oil, seed size, Helianthus annuus L.

Genetic components analysis in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss) under Saharanpur districts

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Amit Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Days To Maturity

Regression coefficient ‘b1’ deviated from unity for length of main raceme, Number of secondary branches per plant, test weight, oil content, Number of siliquae per plant, seed yield per plant. The estimates of additive components ( Dˆ ), dominance components ( 1 Hˆ and 2Hˆ ) were highly significant for days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, length of main raceme, number of siliquae per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, oil content, test weight and seed yield per plant .All the estimates of Fˆ (mean of Fr value, where Fr is the proportion of negatives effects of Genes in rth parents) was positive and significant number of siliquae per plant, days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height and except for which is highly significant whereas days to maturity was negative and significant. The estimates of 2 hˆ were positive and highly significant for days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, length of main raceme, oil content, test weight and seed yield per plant. The estimates of mean degree of dominance ( 1Hˆ / Dˆ ) 0.5 were more than unity for length of main raceme, number of secondary branches per plant, oil content, test weight and seed yield per plant.

scholarly journals Heterotic Effects in Fls and Inbreeding Depression in F2 Hybrids of Sunflower

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Memon ◽  
Muhammad Jurial Baloch ◽  
Gul Muhammad Baloch ◽  
Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
F2 Hybrids

Genetically diverse female lines of sunflower were crossed with male testers to get heterotic hybrids. Studies were carried-out during 2008-2010 at Experiment filed of Agriculture Research Institute, Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan. Six female lines like T-4-0319, PAC-0505, HO-I, Hysun-33, Peshawar-93 and CMS-03 and three testers i.e., PAC-0306, PAC-64-A and SF-187 were crossed in a line ´ tester mating design, thus 18 F1 and F2 hybrids were developed for evaluation of heterosis and inbreeding depression for days to initial flowering, days to maturity, leaves/plant, plant height (cm), head diameter (cm), 1000-achene weight (g), seed yield kg/ha and oil yield kg/ha. The experiment was conducted in a randomised complete block design with four replications. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among parents, F1s and F2 hybrids for all the traits studied. The existence of significant genetic variability among the plant traits is particularly useful because variations in these traits would allow further improvement in sunflowerseed yield and oil traits. The F1 hybrids HO-I ´ PAC-0306 and HO-I PA ´ C-64-A exhibited desirable negative mid and better parent heterosis for days to initial flowering, days to maturity and plant height. These hybrids also manifested desirable positive heterotic effects for leaves/plant, head diameter, 1000-achene’s weight, seed yield and oil yield. Inbreeding depression for phenological, seed yield and oil traits  showed that desirable high inbreeding depression was observed in hybrids HO-I ´ P´AC-64-A, HO-I ´ PAC-0306 and HO-I ´ SF-187 for days to initial flowering, similarly T-4-0319 ´ PAC-0306, PAC-0505 ´ SF-187 and HO-I ´ PAC-64-A explicated maximum but rewarding inbreeding depression for days to maturity. The F2 hybrids Hysun-33 ´ SF-187 and Peshawer-93 ´ PAC-64-A may be the most desirable ones in the sense that they recorded comparatively moderate inbreeding depression with enough number of leaves to be productive if F2 hybrids are to be exploited for hybrid vigour. Low inbreeding depression for various traitsindicated that such hybrids some how favour the usefulness of F2 hybrids in sunflower. 

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Genotypic Correlation of Soybean Agronomic Characters

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Heru Kuswantoro ◽  
Moch Muchlish Adie ◽  
Pratanti Haksiwi Putri
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genotypic Correlation ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

<p>Genetic parameters are important in genetic improvement and variety development. This study aimed to determine the effective characters that can be applied as selection criterion in soybean breeding using genetic parameters. About 100 soybean genotypes were grown in the Muneng Agricultural Technology Research and Assessment Installation from April to July 2020. The trial was conducted using a randomized complete block design. The results showed that high genetic variability was found on days to maturity, number of branches per plant, number of productive nodes per plant, 100-seed weight, and seed yield. The high heritability was shown by days to maturity, plant height, number of branches per plant, and 100-seed weight. All phenotypic correlations were significant, except for the correlation between seed yield and days to maturity, plant height, number of branches, and number of productive nodes. The seed yield had no genotypic correlation with all agronomic characters observed. The genotypic correlation was only significant for plant height and number of productive nodes, number of branches and number of filled pods, as well as number of productive nodes and 100-seed weight. Therefore, the improvement of seed yield can be conducted through direct selection using the seed yield parameter or indirectly using the 100-seed weight.<br /><br /></p>

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