scholarly journals Molecular Identification of Pm4 Powdery Mildew Resistant Gene in Oat

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Magdalena OKOŃ ◽  
Tomasz OCIEPA ◽  
Aleksandra NUCIA
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Mapping Population ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Resistant Gene ◽  
Modern Breeding ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of specific plants with desirable traits supported by molecular markers is one of the most important tools in modern breeding programs, which lead to reduce time and cost of selection. The aim of presented study was identification of dominant markers associated with Pm4 powdery mildew resistant gene in oat. To identify dominant silicoDArT markers for Pm4 gene, F2 mapping population ‘Av1860’ × ‘Fuchs’ were analyzed using DArTseq methodology. Among obtained 46 230 silicoDArT markers, 126 markers were high correlated with resistance to powdery mildew in oat conditioned by Pm4 gene. Among selected markers, 48 sequences have been chosen for potential conversion into specific STS markers. Finally, only 20 were suitable for primer design. As a result, 5 converted markers amplified expected products in resistant bulks, 3 of them segregated according to resistance in the whole population and shoved high correlation coefficient between marker and phenotype observation. Converted markers based on PCR could be used for identification of Pm4 gene in oat. Obtained results confirm the possibility of converting silicoDArT markers into PCR-based technique, which can be used in marker assisted selection (MAS).

scholarly journals Selection of powdery mildew resistant and susceptible grapevine genotypes with molecular markers

2007 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Stella Molnár ◽  
Zsuzsanna Galbács ◽  
Gábor Halász ◽  
Sarolta Hoffmann ◽  
Anikó Veres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Muscadinia Rotundifolia ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Grape Breeding

Incorporation of competitive quality and resistance against the most important fungal diseases (powdery and downy mildew) in a cultivar is one of the most important aims of grapevine breeding. In the 20th century, the most advanced results in grapevine resistance breeding were achieved by French researchers. They used resistant cultivars in more than 30% of their growing areas. In these varieties, North American wild Vitisspecies were the resistance gene sources. The discovery of immunity-like resistance of Muscadinia rotundifolia opened new perspectives in resistance breeding. M. rotundifolia harbours a dominant powdery mildew gene, providing resistance in highquality cultivars after back-crosses with V. vinifera varieties. M. rotundifolia has been involved in the Hungarian grape breeding programs since 1996, thanks to a French-Hungarian variety exchange. In addition to traditional selection methods, application of MAS (Marker Assisted Selection) based on various types ofmolecular markers, can provide additional tools for these efforts. Run1 locus, responsible for powdery mildew resistance, was identified in Muscadinia rotundifolia. Molecular markers closely linked to this locus are very significant in screening progenies deriving from M. rotundifolia and V. vinifera crosses, making possible the discrimination between resistant and susceptible genotypes at DNA level. In our analyses BC5 progeny of {(M. rotundifola×V. vinifera) BC4}×Cardinal (V. vinifera) tested for powdery symptoms were analysed with PCR-RFLP (GLP1- 12P1P3) and microsatellite markers (VMC4f3.1, VMC8g9). Our results proved the applicability of the linked markers and reliability of marker assisted selection.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Pre-selection of New Grapevine Genotypes Resistant to Downy and Powdery Mildew, Obtained by Cross-Breeding Programs in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonor Ruiz-García ◽  
Pilar Gago ◽  
Celia Martínez-Mora ◽  
José Luis Santiago ◽  
Diego J. Fernádez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Phenotypic Resistance ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Selection Of

The need to develop an environmentally friendly, sustainable viticulture model has led to numerous grapevine improvement programmes aiming to increase resistance to downy and powdery mildew. The success of such programmes relies on the availability of protocols that can quantify the resistance/susceptibility of new genotypes, and on the existence of molecular markers of resistance loci that can aid in the selection process. The present work assesses the degree of phenotypic resistance/susceptibility to downy and powdery mildew of 28 new genotypes obtained from crosses between “Monastrell” and “Regent.” Three genotypes showed strong combined resistance, making them good candidates for future crosses with other sources of resistance to these diseases (pyramiding). In general, laboratory and glasshouse assessments of resistance at the phenotype level agreed with the resistance expected from the presence of resistance-associated alleles of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for the loci Rpv3 and Ren3 (inherited from “Regent”), confirming their usefulness as indicators of likely resistance to downy and powdery mildew, respectively, particularly so for downy mildew.

scholarly journals Criteria for evaluating molecular markers: Comprehensive quality metrics to improve marker-assisted selection

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Damien Platten ◽  
Joshua N. Cobb ◽  
Rochelle E. Zantua
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Mapping Population ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Weak Point ◽  
High Allelic Diversity ◽  
Core Metrics ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractDespite strong interest over many years, the usage of quantitative trait loci in plant breeding has often failed to live up to expectations. A key weak point in the utilisation of QTLs is the “quality” of markers used during marker-assisted selection (MAS): unreliable markers result in variable outcomes, leading to a perception that MAS products fail to achieve reliable improvement. Most reports of markers used for MAS focus on markers derived from the mapping population. There are very few studies that examine the reliability of these markers in other genetic backgrounds, and critically, no metrics exist to describe and quantify this reliability. To improve the MAS process, this work proposes five core metrics that fully describe the reliability of a marker. These metrics give a comprehensive and quantitative measure of the ability of a marker to correctly classify germplasm as QTL[+]/[-], particularly against a background of high allelic diversity. Markers that score well on these metrics will have far higher reliability in breeding, and deficiencies in specific metrics give information on circumstances under which a marker may not be reliable. The metrics are applicable across different marker types and platforms, allowing an objective comparison of the performance of different markers irrespective of the platform. Evaluating markers using these metrics demonstrates that trait-specific markers consistently out-perform markers designed for other purposes. These metrics also provide a superb set of criteria for designing superior marker systems for a target QTL, enabling the selection of an optimal marker set before committing to design.

scholarly journals Mapping QTL for spike fertility and related traits in two doubled haploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Pretini ◽  
Leonardo S. Vanzetti ◽  
Ignacio I. Terrile ◽  
Guillermo Donaire ◽  
Fernanda G. González
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Physiological Model ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Fertility Traits ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background In breeding programs, the selection of cultivars with the highest yield potential consisted in the selection of the yield per se, which resulted in cultivars with higher grains per spike (GN) and occasionally increased grain weight (GW) (main numerical components of the yield). In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) for GW, GN and spike fertility traits related to GN determination were mapped using two doubled haploid (DH) populations (Baguette Premium 11 × BioINTA 2002 and Baguette 19 × BioINTA 2002). Results In total 305 QTL were identified for 14 traits, out of which 12 QTL were identified in more than three environments and explained more than 10% of the phenotypic variation in at least one environment. Eight hotspot regions were detected on chromosomes 1A, 2B, 3A, 5A, 5B, 7A and 7B in which at least two major and stable QTL sheared confidence intervals. QTL on two of these regions (R5A.1 and R5A.2) have previously been described, but the other six regions are novel. Conclusions Based on the pleiotropic analysis within a robust physiological model we conclude that two hotspot genomic regions (R5A.1 and R5A.2) together with the QGW.perg-6B are of high relevance to be used in marker assisted selection in order to improve the spike yield potential. All the QTL identified for the spike related traits are the first step to search for their candidate genes, which will allow their better manipulation in the future.

DEVELOPING MOLECULAR MARKERS FOR MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION OF FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANT APPLE SEEDLINGS

2007 ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Peil ◽  
M.-V. Hanke ◽  
H. Flachowsky ◽  
K. Richter ◽  
T. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Selection Of

The quality of the sperm of red breeds bulls of OAO Barnaulskoe breeding enterprise and its resistance to cryopreservation

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
A. I. Zheltikov ◽  
T. V. Konovalova ◽  
O. I. Sebezhko ◽  
V. V. Ilyin ◽  
P. N. Palchikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Selection Of

The characteristic of bulls-producers of red breeds of OAO Barnaulskoe breeding enterprise on the quality of sperm and its resistance to cryopreservation are presented. The breeding enterprise has examined samples of water, soil, feed for the content of heavy metals. In the studied samples, no excess of the LOC was found. The research results were processed on a PC using population statistics methods. Angler bulls produced the largest amount of ejaculates unsuitable for cryopreservation. It is 20.6%. According to this indicator, they surpassed the producers of red Danish and red steppe breeds by 4.1-7.8%. The animals of the latter breed showed the smallest amount (1.7%) of ejaculates rejected after defrost. In Angler bulls, this indicator was 5.95%, in red Danish bulls it was 2.95%, which is 3.52 and 1.75 times higher than in red steppe breeders (P <0.01-0.001). Significant differences were established between individual bulls of the red steppe breed in the number of ejaculates rejected before cryopreservation (2.84-22.29%) and after defrost (0-7.09%). The differences between breeds in the frequency of rejected ejaculates before freezing and after cryopreservation indicate a certain role of heredity in the resistance of animals for these indicators. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between these traits was 0.312. It indicates the possibility of preliminary assessment and selection of bulls according to the first indicator. But the final assessment of the bull-producers can be made by the frequency of rejected ejaculates after thawing. We propose to consider the issue of additional accounting in breeding programs for the resistance of the seed of bulls-producers to cryopreservation.

scholarly journals QTL detection of yield-related traits of cashew

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Jaime Vasconcelos Cavalcanti ◽  
Francisco Herbeth Costa dos Santos ◽  
Fanuel Pereira da Silva ◽  
Cássia Renata Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Qtl Detection ◽  
Total Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Multiple Qtl ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Selection Of

The identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and marker-assisted selection with a view to breeding programs have aroused great interest, including for cashew improvement. This study identified QTL for yield-related traits: nut weight, male and hermaphrodite flowers. The traits were evaluated in 71 F1 genotypes of the cross CCP 1001 x CP 96. The methods of interval mapping and multiple QTL mapping were applied to identify QTL. Eleven QTL were detected: three for nut weight, four for male flowers and four for hermaphrodite flowers. The QTL accounted for 3.79 to 12.98 % of the total phenotypic variance and had phenotypic effects of -31.81 to 34.25 %. The potential for marker-assisted selection of the QTL hf-2f and hf-3m is great and the phenotypic effects and percentage of phenotypic variation higher than of the others.

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