scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertiliser and Lime on the Floristic Composition, Soil Microbes and Dry Matter Yield of Danthonietum calycinae Grassland

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1055-1062
Author(s):  
Vladimir ZORNIC ◽  
Vladeta STEVOVIC ◽  
Zoran LUGIC ◽  
Snezana ANDJELKOVIC ◽  
Goran JEVTIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Digital Object Identifier ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilisation ◽  
Natural Grasslands

Natural grasslands are significant resources for forage production, which is not exploited enough, mostly because of low production, as a result of bad grasslands management. The research has been carried out on the association Danthonietum calycinae to evaluate the effects of different nitrogen application rates (N20, N80 and N140) and lime (1 tha-1) on the floristic composition, soil microbes and dry matter yield. Botanic composition was strongly influenced by the treatments, especially by N applications. Nitrogen fertilisation led to significant increase of grass species in the association (from 57% to 82%), while higher rate of nitrogen caused a significant decrease of plants from other families (especially legumes). Application of low and medium rate of nitrogen positively effect on microbial abundant in soil, but the highest dose (140 kg N) reduced all microbial count, except fungi. Mineral nitrogen fertilisation had a favourable effect on dry matter yield in all treatments. The highest increase in dry matter yield relative to the control was in N140 treatments (6.66 t ha-1). Results indicated that optimal applications of nutrients for this association is application of PK and lime and 80 kg of nitrogen which enable high yield (6.38 t ha-1) in comparison with control (3.16 t ha-1) and preserving soil fertility and the environment at the same time.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

scholarly journals Research on the Influence of Organic Fertilizing and Mulching on Productivity and Phytodiversity on Oligotrophic Grasslands

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Ágnes BALáZSI ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Florin PÄ‚CURAR ◽  
Roxana VIDICAN ◽  
Anca BOGDAN
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Agrostis Capillaris ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Apuseni Mountains ◽  
Grassland Type

Organic fertilizers have an influence on the floristic composition of grasslands. Fertilizing with manure favours the phytodiversity of grasslands. The objective of the study was to follow the influence of mulching and organic fertilizing in small quantities and at various time intervals upon dry matter yield and phytodiversity of Agrostis capillaris L. - Festuca rubra L. grassland type in the Apuseni Mountains. Seven treatments  ( control  ( mowed 1/year ) ; mulch 1/year; mulch 1/year + 5 t/ha manure /year; mulch 1/year + 5 t/ha manure/2 years; mulch 1/year + 10 t/ha manure/2 years; mulch 1/year + 10 t/ha manure/3 years; abandonment )  were evaluated experimentally. Organic fertilizing in low quantities could be a way to maintain the floristic diversity of oligotrophic grasslands in Apuseni Mountains.

scholarly journals Effects of a New Herbicide (Aminocyclopyrachlor) on Buffalograss and Forbs in Shortgrass Prairie

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith R. Harmoney ◽  
Phillip W. Stahlman ◽  
Patrick W. Geier ◽  
Robert Rupp
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Synthetic Auxin ◽  
Shortgrass Prairie ◽  
And Control

Herbicides used to control many forb species in pastures may injure desirable native grass species. Buffalograss, a major component of shortgrass rangeland, often is injured by some growth regulator herbicides, such as 2,4-D and dicamba. Aminocyclopyrachlor (formerly known as DPX-MAT28 and herein termed ACPCR), a new synthetic auxin herbicide chemistry for control of broadleaf weeds, was investigated for injury to buffalograss and control of forbs in shortgrass prairie at varying rates of application. In the season of application, ACPCR at rates of 140 g ai ha−1or less caused buffalograss injury that was either negligible or short-lived, and visual estimates of grass injury were 8% or less at the end of the growing season. At ACPCR rates of 280 g ha−1, more injury was evident at 3 wk after treatment (WAT) than at the end of the season if adequate precipitation was available for new leaf growth. When precipitation was lacking, evidence of injury persisted through to the end of the season when treated at the greatest rate of ACPCR. Buffalograss injury was mainly in the form of browned leaf tips, but total buffalograss dry matter yield was not different between any treatments in either year. The year after treatment, no buffalograss injury was evident from any of the herbicide rates. Final forb control was 97% or greater each year for ACPCR at the 140 and 280 g ha−1rates. In this experiment, rates as low as ACPCR at 140 g ha−1provided excellent forb control and maintained buffalograss productivity.

scholarly journals Sowing ratio, NS fertilisation and interactions of Lolium sp. and Festulolium grown in mixtures with Trifolium repens

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 395-402
Author(s):  
Beata Grygierzec ◽  
Kamila Musial ◽  
Lidia Luty
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Multiple Objects ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Positive Interference

Current ecological trends for production of forage for livestock indicate a need for small usage of fertilisers while increasing productivity. The study aimed to assess yield and interactions of selected Lolium and Festulolium species grown in mixtures with Trifolium repens and fertilised with NS, regarding mutual interactions based on available indicators. A two-year field study (2016–2017) was carried out in southern Poland and the research objects were designed on degraded chernozems. The highest yield was observed for mixtures: L. multiflorum + T. repens and L. × boucheanum + T. repens sown in the proportion 50 : 50, fertilised with N<sub>50</sub>S<sub>15</sub>. The mean dry matter yield was higher in the 1<sup>st</sup> year of the study, in all variants of fertilisation and types of mixtures. The land equivalent ratio differed for species in individual objects, for individual cuts and study years, and was most often higher than 1.0, which points to a positive interference between species in mixtures. Also, the competitive ratio index was often higher than 1.0, which means that grass species were more competitive than white clover. However, in the second year of study T. repens was dominant in multiple objects.  

JAMES AND ARTHUR, TWO CULTIVARS OF DAHURIAN WILD RYEGRASS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1187-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. LAWRENCE ◽  
P. G. JEFFERSON ◽  
C. D. RATZLAFF
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
High Seed Yield

James and Arthur are the first two cultivars of Dahurian wild ryegrass registered for sale in Canada. The main attributes of James and Arthur are excellent establishment vigor, high establishment-year dry matter yield and high seed yield in subsequent years. Organic matter digestibility of both cultivars is similar to that of other wild ryegrass species but the crude protein content of first-harvest forage declines more rapidly than for Altai wild ryegrass. Stands persist two to three years in southwestern Saskatchewan. This short-lived perennial with high seedling vigor is well adapted for seeding in mixtures with long-lived, low seedling vigor grass species for improving the early productivity of pastures.Key words: Elymus dahuricus, cultivar description, dry matter yield, seed yield, forage quality, seedling vigor

scholarly journals Silicon accumulation and water deficit tolerance in Brachiaria grasses

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Pereira de Melo ◽  
Gaspar Henrique Korndörfer ◽  
Clotilde Maria Korndörfer ◽  
Regina Maria Quintão Lana ◽  
Denise Garcia de Santana
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Silicon Accumulation

The beneficial effects of silicon (Si) fertilization have been observed for several plant species, especially when submitted to stress, either biotic or abiotic. Among the possible reasons for the greater adaptability and resistance of brachiaria grass in areas of low fertility soils in Brazilian savanna, stands its capacity of absorbing and accumulating Si in aerial parts. To evaluate the effect of Si on dry matter yield of Brachiaria decumbens Stapf and Brachiaria brizantha Hochst, grown under two soil moisture regimes, a trial was set up in a completely randomized design factorial scheme (5 × 2 × 2), with five Si rates: (0; 242; 484; 968 and 1,452 kg ha-1), two soil water tensions (60% and 80% of field capacity) and the two brachiaria species. The experiment was installed in a greenhouse, using one of the most representative soils in the region under cerrado, Typic Haplustox. Both brachiaria species can be considered Si-accumulating plants, since they present high Si contents in their aerial parts. Application of Si to the soil increased the contents of this element in both grass species but did not change their tolerance to water deficit, and did not affect dry matter yield.

scholarly journals Biomass production of different grass species available at irrigated lowland of Dassench Woreda in South Western Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-191
Author(s):  
D Hidosa ◽  
W Hitiso ◽  
M Guyo
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
Pastoral Area ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
On Farm

On farm adaptability test of different grass species was conducted on pastoral area of Keelewe peasant association in Dassench Woreda of South Omo Zone in 2016 under irrigated condition with the objective to identify high biomass yielding grass species. The field experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replicates per tested species. The tested grass species were Chloris gayana, Cenchrus ciliaris and Panicum colaratum. The result indicated that there was a significant difference (p>0.05) among the tested grass species. Panicum colaratum yields the highest (18.08 t/ha) than the Chloris gayana (15.21 t/ha) whereas, Cenchrus ciliaris had yielded the lowest dry matter yield (11.20t/ha) than Chloris gayana and Panicum colaratum. The Panicum colaratum was one with maximum dry matter yield being recommended for irrigated conditions in the study area. However, further testing is required on feeding value, dry matter yield under different fertilizer dose, stem height, leaf to stem ratio, irrigation requirements and chemical composition of tested grass species.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2017. 46 (3): 188-191

scholarly journals Analysis of dry matter yield structure of forage grasses

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lemežienė ◽  
J. Kanapeckas ◽  
P. Tarakanovas ◽  
S. Nekrošas
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Yield Structure

An average dry matter yield structure (three cuts per growing season) in relation to agronomically valuable characteristics of six forage grass species and a year of herbage utilization was studied over the period of 1989&ndash;2002 in Lithuania. The most productive species of the first cut of two years of herbage utilization were Phleum pratense (P &lt; 0.01) and Festulolium hybrids (P &lt; 0.05) (average dry matter yield were 7.42 and 6.66 t/ha, respectively), moderately productive &ndash; Festuca pratensis, Dactylis glomerata and Lolium perenne (5.58, 5.42 and 5.20 t/ha), significantly lower (P &lt; 0.01) yielding was Poa pratensis (4.19 t/ha). During two years of herbage utilization Dactylis glomerata produced significantly (P &lt; 0.01) higher dry matter yield of aftermath &ndash; 7.30 t/ha. Other grass species were ranked in the following order: Festulolium hybrids 5.85 t/ha, Festuca pratensis 4.94 t/ha, Poa pratensis 4.57 t/ha, Lolium perenne 4.48 t/ha, and Phleum pratense 3.92 t/ha. Dactylis glomerata and Poa pratensis distinguished by the highest aftermath percent in the structure of the annual dry matter yield (57.7 and 52.2%). Phleum pratense formed an especially poor aftermath &ndash; only 34.6%. An average annual dry matter yield data analysis of two years of herbage utilization over the period of 1989&ndash;2002 showed that Dactylis glomerata and Festulolium hybrids were most productive (P &lt; 0.01) species.

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