scholarly journals Effects of a New Herbicide (Aminocyclopyrachlor) on Buffalograss and Forbs in Shortgrass Prairie

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith R. Harmoney ◽  
Phillip W. Stahlman ◽  
Patrick W. Geier ◽  
Robert Rupp
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Synthetic Auxin ◽  
Shortgrass Prairie ◽  
And Control

Herbicides used to control many forb species in pastures may injure desirable native grass species. Buffalograss, a major component of shortgrass rangeland, often is injured by some growth regulator herbicides, such as 2,4-D and dicamba. Aminocyclopyrachlor (formerly known as DPX-MAT28 and herein termed ACPCR), a new synthetic auxin herbicide chemistry for control of broadleaf weeds, was investigated for injury to buffalograss and control of forbs in shortgrass prairie at varying rates of application. In the season of application, ACPCR at rates of 140 g ai ha−1or less caused buffalograss injury that was either negligible or short-lived, and visual estimates of grass injury were 8% or less at the end of the growing season. At ACPCR rates of 280 g ha−1, more injury was evident at 3 wk after treatment (WAT) than at the end of the season if adequate precipitation was available for new leaf growth. When precipitation was lacking, evidence of injury persisted through to the end of the season when treated at the greatest rate of ACPCR. Buffalograss injury was mainly in the form of browned leaf tips, but total buffalograss dry matter yield was not different between any treatments in either year. The year after treatment, no buffalograss injury was evident from any of the herbicide rates. Final forb control was 97% or greater each year for ACPCR at the 140 and 280 g ha−1rates. In this experiment, rates as low as ACPCR at 140 g ha−1provided excellent forb control and maintained buffalograss productivity.

The Effect of Frequency of Defoliation on the Productivity of Selected Forage Legumes (Stylosanthes hamata, Stylosanthes capitataand Centrosema pascuorum) in the Sub-humid Zone of Nigeria

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tarawali ◽  
M. A. Mohamed-Saleem ◽  
P. C. Chionuma
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Humid Zone ◽  
Stylosanthes Hamata ◽  
Seed Yields

SummaryThe dry matter yield, nutritive value and persistence of three legume species (Stylosanthes hamata Taub., S. capitata Vog. and Centrosema pascuorum Mart. ex. Benth.) cut at different frequencies during the growing season or only once at the end of the growing season were compared. The shorter cutting intervals enhanced regrowth, but very frequent cutting reduced total dry matter and seed yields. A defoliation interval of three to six weeks is recommended. Generally, S. hamata gave the best performance.Efecto del deshoje en tres legumbres

Fire and survival of Stylosanthes spp. in the dry savanna woodlands of the Northern Territory

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Mott
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis ◽  
Good Germination

A series of burns was carried out during the early and late, dry season and early wet season, in mixed native grass-legume plots containing Stylosanthes humilis, S. hamata, S, scabra and S. viscosa as the legume component. The least mortality was shown by S. scabra, but its survival was poor in any sward more than 3 years old. After burning the other species relied solely on seedling regeneration for subsequent season's growth. Fire killed a considerable quantity of seed, but its heat softened hard seed in the soil and good germination occurred with summer rains. However, the presence of a large proportion of soft seed through the winter months could lead to out-of-season germination and subsequent death of seedlings after unseasonal winter rains. Although the total dry matter yield of swards was reduced by all fires, burning could play an important part in increasing yields of S. hamata in swards overgrown by dense native grass, since it increases the amount of soft seed in the soil. If burning causes a high mortality of mature plants of the perennials S. scabra and S. viscosa, a reduction in stocking rate may be needed to ensure regeneration of a productive sward, as these species have slow seedling growth rates.

scholarly journals Use of Prohexadione Calcium on Grass Species Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R.G. QUEIROZ ◽  
A.C. SILVA JR. ◽  
D. MARTINS
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
Prohexadione Calcium

ABSTRACT: This study has aimed to evaluate the effect of prohexadione-calcium as a plant growth regulator on growth and quality of Japanese lawn grass, Broadleaf carpet grass and Bermudagrass. The treatments and doses of the prohexadione-calcium tested with two three reapplications were 27.5, 55.0, 110.0, 165.0 and 165.0 g a.i. ha-1, and a control without application of a growth regulator. Visual injury evaluations were performed using a scale of scores and plant height and chipping dry matter were determined. We have evaluated the total thickness of the sod grass, root length and dry matter of this material at the end of the experimental period. The study was arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications. The results were submitted to analysis of variance by F-test and the averages of the treatments were compared by t test at 5% probability. The prohexadione-calcium plant growth regulator was visually selective and reduced shoot growth of the three species of grass and can thus be used in the management of lawns in gardens and sports areas. As for the production of sod grass, the prohexadione-calcium can be recommended for Japanese lawn grass and Broadleaf sod grass, especially doses 165.0+165.0 and 55.0+55.0+55.0 respectively, because they have provided a better quality sod grass. For Bermudagrass, the effect of the treatments was harmful for the quality of sod grass and is not recommended for production purposes.

scholarly journals Sowing ratio, NS fertilisation and interactions of Lolium sp. and Festulolium grown in mixtures with Trifolium repens

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 395-402
Author(s):  
Beata Grygierzec ◽  
Kamila Musial ◽  
Lidia Luty
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Multiple Objects ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Positive Interference

Current ecological trends for production of forage for livestock indicate a need for small usage of fertilisers while increasing productivity. The study aimed to assess yield and interactions of selected Lolium and Festulolium species grown in mixtures with Trifolium repens and fertilised with NS, regarding mutual interactions based on available indicators. A two-year field study (2016–2017) was carried out in southern Poland and the research objects were designed on degraded chernozems. The highest yield was observed for mixtures: L. multiflorum + T. repens and L. × boucheanum + T. repens sown in the proportion 50 : 50, fertilised with N<sub>50</sub>S<sub>15</sub>. The mean dry matter yield was higher in the 1<sup>st</sup> year of the study, in all variants of fertilisation and types of mixtures. The land equivalent ratio differed for species in individual objects, for individual cuts and study years, and was most often higher than 1.0, which points to a positive interference between species in mixtures. Also, the competitive ratio index was often higher than 1.0, which means that grass species were more competitive than white clover. However, in the second year of study T. repens was dominant in multiple objects.  

Impact of different organic and inorganic source on yield, quality and uptake of nutrients by kawach beej (Mucuna prurience) on inceptisol

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavana Gharpinde ◽  
S. G. Wankhade
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Sheep Manure ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
And Control ◽  
Uptake Of Nutrients

A field experiment was conducted at Dr.P.D.K.V., Akola (M.S.) during 2011-2012 and 2012-2013. The experiment comprised of nine treatments involving 2.5 and 5t FYM ha-1, 1 and 2t sheep manure ha-1, 2 and 4t vermicompost ha-1, 25:50 and 12.5: 25 kg ha-1 NP through inorganic and control. Among different treatments, the application of 4t vermicompost ha-1 resulted in significantly increased pod yield (26.19 q ha-1), seed yield (17.62 q ha-1) and dry matter yield (46.68 q ha-1) as well as quality such as L-Dopa (3.63%), protein (26.79%) and test weight (111.69 g) of kawachbeej over control and superior over rest of treatments. The highest seed yield 184.04% and L-DOPA content 101.96% was observed with 4t vermicompost ha-1 over control. The similar trend of results was noticed in uptake of macro (N, P, K ,S) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) of kawachbeej and it was at par with treatment 5t FYM ha-1 and 25:50 kg ha-1 NP through inorganic, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertiliser and Lime on the Floristic Composition, Soil Microbes and Dry Matter Yield of Danthonietum calycinae Grassland

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1055-1062
Author(s):  
Vladimir ZORNIC ◽  
Vladeta STEVOVIC ◽  
Zoran LUGIC ◽  
Snezana ANDJELKOVIC ◽  
Goran JEVTIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Digital Object Identifier ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilisation ◽  
Natural Grasslands

Natural grasslands are significant resources for forage production, which is not exploited enough, mostly because of low production, as a result of bad grasslands management. The research has been carried out on the association Danthonietum calycinae to evaluate the effects of different nitrogen application rates (N20, N80 and N140) and lime (1 tha-1) on the floristic composition, soil microbes and dry matter yield. Botanic composition was strongly influenced by the treatments, especially by N applications. Nitrogen fertilisation led to significant increase of grass species in the association (from 57% to 82%), while higher rate of nitrogen caused a significant decrease of plants from other families (especially legumes). Application of low and medium rate of nitrogen positively effect on microbial abundant in soil, but the highest dose (140 kg N) reduced all microbial count, except fungi. Mineral nitrogen fertilisation had a favourable effect on dry matter yield in all treatments. The highest increase in dry matter yield relative to the control was in N140 treatments (6.66 t ha-1). Results indicated that optimal applications of nutrients for this association is application of PK and lime and 80 kg of nitrogen which enable high yield (6.38 t ha-1) in comparison with control (3.16 t ha-1) and preserving soil fertility and the environment at the same time.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document