A study of the mediating effect of early career employees’ self-leadership on organizational socialization: Focusing on Meister high school graduates vs. college graduates

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-133
Author(s):  
Jieun Song, ◽  
Jae-Woong Kim,
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Organizational Socialization ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Mediating Effect

RIGID LOW COLLEGE PREMIUMS AND THE EXPANSION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN TAIWAN

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550022 ◽  
Author(s):  
LI-HSUAN HUANG ◽  
HSIN-YI HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
High School ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Elasticity Of Substitution ◽  
Export Structure ◽  
Expansion Of Higher Education

The rapid expansion of higher education in the late 1980s in Taiwan has resulted in a swift increase in the supply of highly-educated workers in the labor market. This research differs from past studies in that it analyzes the effect of the rapid expansion in higher education in Taiwan with emphasis on the cohort effect, specifically examining the effect of changes both in intra-cohort relative supply and the aggregate relative supply on college returns. Besides, when estimating the aggregate relative supply of college graduates, this study takes into account the substitutability between younger and older educated workers. We present evidence that the expansion policy has significantly depressed college premiums for workers of all ages, but the adverse effect is particularly concentrated among the younger cohorts. Furthermore, we found the elasticity of substitution between college and high school graduates to be 3–4 times higher than in developed countries. We also found the important role played by the demand side, likely linked to technological progress and changes in export structure toward the more technologically intensive. As a consequence, the expansion of higher education and increase in the relative demand for higher-educated workers, along with high elasticity of substitution between college and high school graduates, led to the rigid low college premiums.

scholarly journals Beyond Signaling and Human Capital: Education and the Revelation of Ability

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Arcidiacono ◽  
Patrick Bayer ◽  
Aurel Hizmo
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
College Graduation ◽  
Direct Role

We provide evidence that college graduation plays a direct role in revealing ability to the labor market. Using the NLSY79, our results suggest that ability is observed nearly perfectly for college graduates, but is revealed to the labor market more gradually for high school graduates. Consequently, from the beginning of their careers, college graduates are paid in accordance with their own ability, while the wages of high school graduates are initially unrelated to their own ability. This view of ability revelation in the labor market has considerable power in explaining racial differences in wages, education, and returns to ability. (JEL D82, I21, I23, J24, J31)

The Labor Supply Effects of Delayed First Birth

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 630-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Leber Herr
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
First Birth ◽  
First Birth Timing ◽  
Cost Of Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shaped Pattern

In this paper I compare the relationship between first-birth timing and post-birth labor supply for high school and college graduate mothers. Given that pre-birth wages are increasing in fertility delay, the rising opportunity cost of time would suggest that among both groups, later mothers work more. Yet I only find this pattern for high school graduates. For college graduates, I instead find that there is a strong U-shaped pattern between hours worked within motherhood, and the career timing of first birth.

scholarly journals What Is the Cause of Graduates’ Unemployment? Focus on Individual Concerns and Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngsik Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
College Students ◽  
High School ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Graduate Unemployment ◽  
To Receive

The graduate unemployment rate is one of the current issues being discussed by higher education scholars. College students spend their time and money in order to receive educational advantages unavailable to high school graduates. So if they face unemployment, they are more vulnerable to unfavorable economic conditions because they have already spent their resources pursuing higher education. This paper examines the reasons why college graduates are facing unemployment in the competitive market. There are several factors that explain their unemployment status, and this paper identifies each component at an individual level. With specific analysis of the unemployment phenomena, this paper provides direction for further research.

Response to Kutscher’s Comment

1991 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Bishop ◽  
Shani Carter
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Teachers ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Relative Wage ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Nontraditional Occupations ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
Labor Statistics ◽  
Bureau Of Labor Statistics

Recent studies of trends in relative wage rates and unemployment rates are reviewed. These studies conclude that real wages of recent college graduates rose substantially during the 1980s while the wages of recent high school graduates fell, contradicting the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) claim that college graduates were oversupplied during the 1980s. The BLS approach to measuring the supply–demand balance for college graduates by counting the number of college graduates who say they are working in “nontraditional” occupations is dismissed as invalid because of the unreliability of Current Population Survey coding of occupation and education and the lack of attention to mismatches of the opposite kind such as the more than 5% of physicians, lawyers, and high school teachers who report having fewer than 16 years of schooling.

scholarly journals Equivalent Pathways? Comparison of Job History for High School Graduates Versus GED Recipients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 586-586
Author(s):  
Wenxuan Huang
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
School To Work ◽  
Early Career ◽  
High School Diploma ◽  
High School Degree ◽  
Labor Force Status ◽  
Paid Labor ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Successful integration into the paid labor market serves as a critical milestone to adulthood. Yet, this school-to-work transition has become harder to reach due to the increasing precarity in the youth labor market. Using data from the NLSY97, this study compares the job histories of young adults whose terminal education credentials are high school diploma versus GED. I conducted sequence analysis of school-to-work states from age 16 to 30 between these two education groups. Findings show that GED holders are more likely to be exposed to enduring negative labor force status (e.g., periods of unemployment) than the high school graduates. Over half of the GED recipients experience precarious early career characterized by interruptions and long-term inactivity. Despite being “equivalent” to a high school diploma, the GED diploma does not translate into the same opportunity structure as the high school degree, launching a cumulative disadvantage process in the early life course.

scholarly journals Is The Wage Gap Between High School And College Graduates Widening? A Panel Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diamando Afxentiou ◽  
Paul Kutasovic
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Polarization Theory ◽  
Service Jobs ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">This study examines the wage growth of high school graduates and college graduates. The NLSY-79 data is employed. The data shows that college graduates earn a premium over high school graduates and the premium is widening over time. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span>A panel regression model was estimated for the years 1982 until 2004. The results show that education has a significant positive effect on wages and it is the primary determinant of the wage gap. Also, age and gender were found to have a significant effect on wages. Testing the impact of occupation, only managerial, clerical, and service jobs had a significant effect on wages.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Production jobs were statistically insignificant as suggested by the labor market polarization theory.</span></span></p>

The Relation between States' Adoption of English as Their Official Language to Demographic and Social Pathology Variables

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1324-1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Joubert
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Social Pathology

Comparisons indicated that the 20 states which adopted English as their official language since 1984 had lower percentages of high school graduates and higher rates of motor vehicle fatalities among their residents than did those states that did not enact such laws. The two types of states did not differ in homicide, suicide, divorce, illegitimacy, or rape rates based on 1990 census data. Also, they did not differ in terms of percentages of residents who were foreign-born, college graduates, imprisoned, unemployed, or who spoke a language other than English in the home.

Relative to Whom? Comment on “Relative Education and the Advantage of a College Degree”

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 1000-1010
Author(s):  
Jane Furey
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
High School Degree ◽  
Heterogeneous Labor ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Postsecondary Degree

To understand the relative advantage of a bachelor’s degree, we must consider the question: relative to whom? Using the Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement, Horowitz (2018) argues that educational expansion between 1971 and 2010 decreased college graduates’ skill usage and eroded their advantages relative to individuals without a postsecondary degree. However, the comparison group—individuals without a postsecondary degree—is inconsistently defined over time due to a change to the CPS in 1992; this group also includes individuals without a high school degree, high school graduates, and people with some college but no degree—three groups that have heterogeneous labor market experiences. I replicate Horowitz’s analysis and repeat it using two alternative education categorization schemes that address these limitations. I show that college graduates’ absolute and relative advantages in skill usage depend substantially on how we measure education. Notably, I find that college graduates maintain persistent relative advantages in skill usage when compared to high school graduates and individuals with some college, even as education expands. Although no classification system perfectly accounts for the full variation of the population, my findings demonstrate that researchers must carefully define key variables and comparison groups, especially when considering relative effects.

After Commencement, Clarity

ASHA Leader ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Freeman
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists

Without the supports of IEP programming, high school graduates on the autism spectrum may struggle. Here are five ways speech-language pathologists in schools can help them transition to what's next.

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