scholarly journals Association of Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness with the Incidence of Cognitive Impairment in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Based on 12 Years Follow-Up Data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Inhwan Lee ◽  
Munku Song ◽  
Hyunsik Kang
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Mini Mental Status Examination ◽  
Mental Status Examination

PURPOSE:This study investigated association of estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) with the incidence of cognitive impairment in Korean middle-aged and older adults.METHODS:Total of 4,239 subjects (53% women) aged ≥45 years, who participated in the Korean longitudinal study of aging (KLoSA) were included. Participants were classified into 4 categories from the lowest quartile to the highest quartile based on eCRF distribu¬tions. Korean version of mini-mental status examination (K-MMSE) was used to assessed mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and severe cognitive impairment (SCI). Cox’s proportional regression analyses were used to determine the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of eCRF categories for having MCI and SCI.RESULTS: During 12-years of follow-up, there were 736 (17.4%) and 272 (6.4%) cases of incidence from MCI and SCI, respectively. In women, compared to the quartile 1 group (reference, HR=1), the quartile 4 group had significantly lower HRs of having incidence of MCI/SCI (HR=0.72, 95% CI=0.55-0.94, p=.015) and MCI (HR=0.73, 95% CI=0.54-0.99, p=.045). However, in men, eCRF was not associated with incidence of cognitive impairment.CONCLUSIONS:The current findings suggest that eCRF may be an independent predictor of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older women.

scholarly journals Prospective association between social engagement and cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e040936
Author(s):  
Shuduo Zhou ◽  
Suhang Song ◽  
Yinzi Jin ◽  
Zhi-Jie Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Prospective Association

ObjectivesCognitive impairment is a precursor of dementia. This study aimed to examine the association of social engagement with cognitive decline during the process of normal ageing.MethodsWe used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The cognitive functions were tested at baseline, and 2-year and 4-year follow-up visits. Social engagement was constructed as a comprehensive measure including the quantity and frequency of social activities. Activities of social engagement were classified into three types. Multilevel logistic model was fitted to evaluate the prospective association between social engagement and cognitive impairment.ResultsAfter 2-year follow-up, compared with participants with the lowest level of social engagement, those with level-2, level-3 and level-4 social engagement had a 12% (OR=0.88, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.09, p=0.242), 17% (OR=0.83, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.97, p=0.020) and 25% (OR=0.75, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.93, p=0.008) lower risk for developing cognitive impairment, respectively. A similar pattern of significantly protective association was found at 4-year follow-up. Combined effect analysis showed that participants who attended one type of social engagement had a lower risk of developing cognitive impairment and the protective effect was even larger with those who attended two or three types of social engagement.ConclusionsSocial engagement had a protective effect on cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults in China. Given the growing epidemic of dementia and rapid pace of ageing in low-income and middle-income countries, our study shed lights on comprehensive and tailored public health programmes for improving social engagement, to delay cognitive impairment at mid-age and later life.

scholarly journals The Association Between Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Sarcopenic Obesity in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Jeonghyeon Kim ◽  
Inhwan Lee ◽  
Hyunsik Kang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Health And Nutrition

PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the association between estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) and sarcopenic obesity in Korean middle-aged and older adults.METHODS:This study used the data from the 2008–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey involving 8,252 Korean adults aged ≥50 years (56.6% women). Participants were classified into normal, sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity groups based on the presence of sarcopenia and/or obesity phenotypes. eCRF was assessed using sex-specific algorithms and classified as low (lowest 25%), middle (middle 50%), and high (highest 25%) categories. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risk of sarcopenic obesity according to eCRF categories.RESULTS: The middle and low eCRF groups had a significantly higher risk of sarcopenia (OR=1.688, 95% CI=1.438–1.981 and OR=2.877, 95% CI=2.366–3.498; respectively) than the high eCRF group (OR=1), a significantly higher risk of obesity (OR=1.810, 95% CI=1.533–2.137 and OR=5.103, 95% CI=4.234–6.151; respectively) than the high eCRF group (OR=1), and a significantly higher risk of sarcopenic obesity (OR=2.852, 95% CI=2.371–3.429 and OR=12.008, 95% CI=9.866–14.616; respectively) than the high eCRF group (OR=1). The risks of sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity in the middle and low eCRF groups remained statistically significant after adjusting for all the measured covariates.CONCLUSION: The results suggest that eCRF is an independent predictor of sarcopenic obesity in Korean middle-aged and older adults, implying the importance of promotion of CRF as a preventive measure against sarcopenic obesity.

scholarly journals KLOTHO heterozygosity attenuates APOE4-related amyloid burden in preclinical AD

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (16) ◽  
pp. e1878-e1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire M. Erickson ◽  
Stephanie A. Schultz ◽  
Jennifer M. Oh ◽  
Burcu F. Darst ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Onset ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Pittsburgh Compound B ◽  
Preclinical Ad ◽  
Aβ Aggregation ◽  
Amyloid Aβ ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

ObjectiveTo examine whether the KLOTHO gene variant KL-VS attenuates APOE4-associated β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation in a late-middle-aged cohort enriched with Alzheimer disease (AD) risk factors.MethodsThree hundred nine late-middle-aged adults from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention and the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center were genotyped to determine KL-VS and APOE4 status and underwent CSF sampling (n = 238) and/or 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB)-PET imaging (n = 183). Covariate-adjusted regression analyses were used to investigate whether APOE4 exerted expected effects on Aβ burden. Follow-up regression analyses stratified by KL-VS genotype (i.e., noncarrier vs heterozygous; there were no homozygous individuals) evaluated whether the influence of APOE4 on Aβ was different among KL-VS heterozygotes compared to noncarriers.ResultsAPOE4 carriers exhibited greater Aβ burden than APOE4-negative participants. This effect was stronger in CSF (t = −5.12, p < 0.001) compared with PiB-PET (t = 3.93, p < 0.001). In the stratified analyses, this APOE4 effect on Aβ load was recapitulated among KL-VS noncarriers (CSF: t = −5.09, p < 0.001; PiB-PET: t = 3.77, p < 0 .001). In contrast, among KL-VS heterozygotes, APOE4-positive individuals did not exhibit higher Aβ burden than APOE4-negative individuals (CSF: t = −1.03, p = 0.308; PiB-PET: t = 0.92, p = 0.363). These differential APOE4 effects remained after KL-VS heterozygotes and noncarriers were matched on age and sex.ConclusionIn a cohort of at-risk late-middle-aged adults, KL-VS heterozygosity was associated with an abatement of APOE4-associated Aβ aggregation, suggesting KL-VS heterozygosity confers protections against APOE4-linked pathways to disease onset in AD.

The Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Ideal Cardiovascular Health in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 968-975
Author(s):  
Leanna M. Ross ◽  
Jacob L. Barber ◽  
Alexander C. McLain ◽  
R. Glenn Weaver ◽  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

Background: This study examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). Methods: CRF and the 7 CVH components were measured in 11,590 (8865 males; 2725 females) adults at baseline and in 2532 (2160 males; 372 females) adults with at least one follow-up examination from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Ideal CVH score was calculated as a composite of 7 measures, each scored 0 to 2. CVH groups were based on participant point score: ≤7 (poor), 8 to 11 (intermediate), and 12 to 14 (ideal). Analyses included general linear, logistic regression, and linear mixed models. Results: At baseline, participants in the high CRF category had 21% and 45% higher mean CVH scores than those in the moderate and poor CRF categories (P < .001). The adjusted odds (95% confidence interval) of being in the poor CVH group at baseline were 4.9 (4.4–5.4) and 16.9 (14.3–19.9) times greater for individuals with moderate and low CRF, respectively, compared with those with high CRF (P < .001). Longitudinal analysis found that for every 1-minute increase in treadmill time, CVH score increased by 0.23 units (P < .001) independent of age, sex, exam number, and exam year. Conclusions: Higher CRF is associated with better CVH profiles, and improving CRF over time is independently associated with greater improvements in CVH.

Walking Up to One Hour Per Week Maintains Mobility as Older Women Age: Findings from an Australian Longitudinal Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie Field ◽  
Tom Cochrane ◽  
Rachel Davey ◽  
Yohannes Kinfu
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Australian Longitudinal Study ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Very Old Age ◽  
Mobility Aid

The aim of this study was to identify determinants of walking and whether walking maintained mobility among women as they transition from their mid-70s to their late 80s. We used 12 years of follow-up data (baseline 1999) from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (n = 10,322). Fifteen determinants of walking were included in the analysis and three indicators of mobility. Longitudinal data analyses techniques were employed. Thirteen of the 15 determinants were significant predictors of walking. Women in their mid-70s who walked up to 1 hr per week were less likely to experience loss of mobility in very old age, including reduced likelihood of using a mobility aid. Hence, older women who do no walking should be encouraged to walk to maintain their mobility and their independence as they age, particularly women in their 70s and 80s who smoke, are overweight, have arthritis, or who have had a recent fall.

Exercise intensity is associated with progression of coronary artery calcification in middle-aged and older athletes: findings from the MARC-2 study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Aengevaeren ◽  
A Mosterd ◽  
TL Braber ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
HM Nathoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Older Athletes ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Dutch Heart Foundation Background  Recent studies have reported increased coronary artery calcification (CAC) in middle-aged male athletes, which is related to the amount and intensity of lifelong exercise. However, previous studies are limited by their cross-sectional study design.  Purpose  We prospectively assessed progression of CAC and its association to exercise volume and intensity in middle-aged and older athletes. Methods  318 asymptomatic middle-aged and older men were recruited in the Measuring Athlete’s Risk of Cardiovascular events (MARC) study between 2012-2014 and invited for follow-up (MARC-2) between 2019-2020. During both study visits, computed tomography imaging was performed to assess CAC. Exercise characteristics during follow-up were used to calculate exercise volumes (Metabolic equivalent of task [MET]-hours/week), whereas intensities were classified as moderate (3-6 MET), vigorous (6-9 MET) and very vigorous (&gt;9 MET). For linear regression analyses, CAC scores were transformed (Ln delta CAC score + 1) and analyses were adjusted for baseline confounders, CAC at baseline and time between CT scans. Exercise intensities were assessed as proportion of MET-hrs/week and separately included, while adjusting for exercise volume. Results  We included 289 men (54.9 ± 6.4 years) for MARC-2, with a follow-up of 6.3 ± 0.5 years. Participants exercised for 41 [25-57] MET-hrs/week, of which the median percentage was 0% [interquartile range 0-19] at moderate, 44% [0-84] at vigorous and 34% [0-80] at very vigorous intensity. At baseline, CAC was present in 151 (52%) men, and increased to 205 (71%) men at follow-up. CAC scores increased from 1 [0-32] to 31 [0-132]. Delta CAC score (26 [0-104]) was not associated with overall exercise volume. However, delta CAC score was negatively associated with vigorous intensity exercise and positively associated with very vigorous intensity exercise (Table). Conclusion  Progression of CAC was not associated with overall exercise volume during 6-year follow-up. However, the degree of vigorous intensity exercise was associated with attenuated CAC progression, whereas very vigorous intensity exercise was associated with accelerated CAC progression. Linear regression analyses Progression of CAC (Ln Delta CAC score +1) B (95% CI) P-Value Exercise volume (MET-hours/week) .001 (-.005 - .008) .70 Exercise Intensity Moderate intensity (%) -.002 (-.009 - .005) .65 Vigorous intensity (%) -.005 (-.009 - .000) .03 Very vigorous intensity (%) .005 (.001 - .009) .02

Effects of Circuit Resistance Training on Body Composition, Strength, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo ◽  
Luis Andreu-Caravaca ◽  
María Carrasco-Poyatos ◽  
Pedro J. Benito ◽  
Jacobo Ángel Rubio-Arias
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Circuit Resistance Training ◽  
Circuit Resistance

A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of circuit resistance training (CRT) on cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, and body composition in middle-aged and older women. Sixteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. The CRT interventions led to a significant decrease in weight, body mass index, and fat mass along with an increase in muscle mass. Significant differences were found in the fat mass and a trend to develop muscle mass when compared with the control group. CRT led to a significant increase in VO2max, walking endurance, and time to exhaustion; likewise, significant differences were observed when compared with the control group. CRT had a moderate and large favorable effect on arm, trunk, and lower limb strength. Furthermore, the increases in strength observed in the CRT were significantly greater than the changes observed in the control group. In middle-aged and older women, CRT improved cardiorespiratory fitness and strength and optimized body composition.

Abstract 100: Right Insular Infarction is an Independent Predictor of Mortality in Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hanne ◽  
Peter Brunecker ◽  
Matthias Endres ◽  
Jochen B Fiebach ◽  
Martin Ebinger
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Lesion Volume ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Ischemic Lesion ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
The Right

Introduction: The association between insular infarction and mortality has often been described. However, whether this is simply due to higher lesion volumes is still controversial. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that there is an association between insular infarction and mortality independent of lesion volume. Methods: We included consecutive stroke patients between 01.09.2008 and 11.11.2012 from the 1000Plus data base with an acute ischemic lesion on diffusion-weighted imaging on day one and a completed 90 days follow-up. Insular location of the infarction was determined using the Stroke Lesion Atlas (SLA). The SLA is an in-house developed spatial database for analyses of imaging studies (Figure). In multivariate regression analyses of mortality and insular infarcts we adjusted for age, lesion volume, atrial fibrillation, NIHSS, capsular infarcts, and left hemispheric infarcts. Results: We included 718 patients. Out of 165 patients with insular infarcts 20 patients died; among the 553 patients with lesions outside the Insula 16 patients died (mortality 12% vs. 3%; p<.001). In analyses adjusting for all mentioned confounders insular infarction was not an independent predictor of mortality. After exclusion of NIHSS insular infarcts were independently associated with mortality (OR=3.003, CI 1.41 - 6.38, p=.004). Right insular infarction was an independent mortality predictor adjusted for all confounders including the NIHSS (OR=2.793, CI 1.27 - 6.15, p=.011). Conclusion: Right insular involvement is an independent predictor of mortality in ischemic stroke and may be used to improve identification of patients at risk. Figure. Lesion overlap of patients who survived (A) or died (B). Red indicates voxels involved in at least 15% of patients. Deceased patients show a maximum lesion overlap in the right Insula.

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