Cardiorespiratory Effects of Weight Reduction by Exercise in Middle-aged Women with Obesity.

Abstract Objectives Obesity is a major health concern in mid and later life; ≥40% of those ≥60 years are obese. However, the optimal approach for obesity reduction during the latter half of life has not been identified. Consuming balanced, liberal amounts of high quality protein at each meal is recommended for older adults and could help preserve lean mass and physical function. This study examined the feasibility and efficacy of this approach in the context of a weight reduction intervention for obese middle-aged and older adults. Methods This analysis combines findings on calorie and protein intakes of obese participants (mean BMI = 37.4 kg/m2; 88.7% female) aged ≥ 45 yrs (mean = 64.8 yrs) from two RCTs with similar protocols. Participants were randomized to hypo-caloric diets with either RDA level protein (0.8 g/kg bw; C-WL) or higher protein (1.2 g/kg bw; HP-WL) for 6 months. The HP-WL group was counseled to consume 30 g high quality protein/meal and provided lean beef or pork for 2 of 3 meals daily. Both groups had weekly group counseling and weigh-ins. Diet records (3-day) collected at 0, 3 and 6 months were analyzed (Food Processor; ESHA Research) for daily intakes of kcals and macronutrients. Results Both C-WL (n = 30) and HP-WL (n = 59) reduced their kcal intake and successfully reduced their body mass. At 6 months, weight loss was 5.8% and 7.0% for C-WL and HP-WL, respectively. Diet record analysis confirmed HP-WL participants achieved intakes of 30 g protein/meal. At 3 and 6 months respectively, mean ± SD protein intakes were 30.1 ± 9.9 g and 29.7 ± 12 g for breakfast; 37.5 ± 8.2 g and 35.6 ± 9.3 g for lunch; and 40.7 ± 13.7 g and 39.2 ± 8.1 g for dinner; daily protein intake was 1.2 ± 0.3 g/kg bw. In contrast, the C-WL protein intakes remained unchanged (0.8 g/kg bw). Conclusions These findings confirm the feasibility of a balanced, higher protein weight loss diet for obese middle-aged and older adults. HP-WL participants achieved notable weight reduction while also meeting meal protein goals. This practical dietary approach may offer superior long-term outcomes for physical function in this high-risk population; thus, further study of these potential benefits is warranted. Funding Sources Beef Checkoff and Pork Checkoff, North Carolina Pork Council, Smithfield Foods, NIH (T32 AG000029), and US Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research and Development Service Program (CDA-2/IK2 RX002348).

Download Full-text

Body Weight Reduction Results in Favorable Changes in Blood Pressure, Serum Lipids, and Blood Sugar in Middle-Aged Japanese Persons: A 5-Year Interval Observational Study of 26,824 Cases

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v7n5p159 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nozomu Mandai ◽

Kohei Akazawa ◽

Nobuyuki Hara ◽

Yoshio Ide ◽

Koichi Ide ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Observational Study ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Weight Reduction ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Body Weight Reduction

Download Full-text

Weight reduction can decrease circulating soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor–1 levels in overweight middle-aged men

Metabolism ◽

10.1016/j.metabol.2009.06.018 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 58 (9) ◽

pp. 1209-1214 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Yasuhiro Nomata ◽

Noriaki Kume ◽

Hiroyuki Sasai ◽

Yasutomi Katayama ◽

Yoshio Nakata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Reduction ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Low Density ◽

Lipoprotein Receptor ◽

Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor ◽

Density Lipoprotein Receptor

Download Full-text

Effects of physical activity on weight reduction in obese middle-aged women

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/29.2.151 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 151-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 80

Author(s):

S Lewis ◽

W L Haskell ◽

P D Wood ◽

N Manoogian ◽

J E Bailey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Reduction ◽

Middle Aged

Download Full-text

Cardiorespiratory Effects of Weight Reduction by Exercise in Middle-Aged Women with Obesity

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/030006059402200304 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 160-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J Katoh ◽

Y Hara ◽

K Narutaki

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Body Mass ◽

Weight Reduction ◽

The Body ◽

Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Physical Strength ◽

Exercise Period

The cardiorespiratory responses to weight reduction due to physical exercise were examined in fourteen women with obesity, aged 36 to 67 years (Body Mass Index, 32.4 ± 1.4 kg/m2). The patients were instructed to exercise at approximately 60% of maximum oxygen uptake for 2 h every day for approximately 3 months. To evaluate physical strength, a graded cycling exercise test was performed both before and after the exercise period, monitoring gas exchange, ventilation, and heart rate. After the exercise period the body mass index and percentage fat both decreased by 11% and 18%, respectively ( P < 0.001), although lean body mass did not change; maximum oxygen uptake and maximum heart rate did not change significantly, but peak ventilation equivalent, maximum metabolic equivalent and maximum load increased by 12%, 14% and 11%, respectively ( P < 0.05, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Maximum oxygen uptake per unit body weight increased by 5% ( P < 0.001). These results suggest that weight reduction as a result of exercise improves cardiorespiratory function in middle-aged women with obesity.

Download Full-text