scholarly journals Competition between rice (Oryza sativa L.) and (barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.) as affected by methanol foliar application

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 879-890
Author(s):  
Alireza D. Rezaeieh ◽  
Hashem Aminpanah ◽  
Seyed M. Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Aqueous Methanol ◽  
Relative Crowding Coefficient

Pot experiment was conducted in Iran, to evaluate the effect of methanol on competition between rice (Oryza sativa) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli). The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with a factorial treatment arrangement and three replicates. Factors were two aqueous methanol foliar applications (0, and 14% v/v) and five rice: barnyardgrass ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:6, and 0:100). Replacement series diagrams for aboveground dry weight illustrated that 'Shiroudi' was more competitive than barnyardgrass as averaged across methanol foliar applications. When methanol was not sprayed, the lines for 'Shiroudi' and barnyardgrass intersected at 75:25 rice: barnyardgrass ratio, but when methanol was sprayed at 14% v/v, the lines for 'Shiroudi' and barnyardgrass intersect at the left of the 75:25 rice: barnyardgrass mixture proportion. These indicate that methanol application reduced competitive ability of 'Shiroudi' against barnyardgrass for aboveground biomass accumulation. At the same time, Methanol foliar application significantly reduced the relative crowding coefficient of 'Shiroudi' while simultaneously it significantly increased the relative crowding coefficient of barnyard grass. This indicates that methanol foliar application reduced the competitive ability of 'Shiroudi' against barnyardgrass for shoot biomass accumulation. This experiment illustrated that foliar spray of aqueous methanol can not be recommended for rice under weedy conditions .

scholarly journals Effect of Foliar Application of Silicon on Yield and Quality of Rice (Oryza Sativa L)

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ahmad ◽  
M. Afzal ◽  
A.U.H. Ahmad ◽  
M. Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract A field experiment was conducted at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, to investigate the effect of foliar application of silicon on yield and quality of fine rice (Oryza sativa L.). The research was designed as randomized complete block design (RCBD) having three replications and 6m x 4.5m net plot size was maintained. Foliar applications of silicon’s aqueous solution were used as treatments comprised of control, 0.25%, 0.50%, 1.00% silicon solutions. Nursery of 30 days old seedling nursery was transplanted to the plots under aerobic condition and 22.5cm hill to hill distance was maintained. Sodium silicate (20.35% Si) as the source of silicon (soluble in warm water) was used. Fertilizer inputs as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were uniformly applied at the rate of 100, 67, 67 kg ha-1 while all other agronomic practices were kept constant for all the treatments. The data from the field (yield components) as well as lab analysis (quality parameters) was recorded according to the standard procedures. Fisher’s analysis of the variance technique was used for statistical analysis and treatment’s mean differences were compared using least significant difference (LSD) test at 5% probability level. Silicon showed no significant effect on plant height, harvest index, number of kernels and opaque kernels percentage. Silicon (0.50% silicon solution) produced maximum grain diameter and grain protein while silicon @ 1.00% silicon solution resulted maximum in number of productive tillers, straw yield, spike per panicle, 1000 grain weight, paddy yield and grain starch. All others parameters have overlapping results of different silicon levels.

Effect of urea phosphate foliar supplementation on yield, nutrient uptake and grain quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in acid Inceptisols

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Monica ◽  
AK Dash ◽  
N Panda ◽  
M Prusty
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Urea Phosphate ◽  
The Impact

Essential plant nutrient elements are generally applied to crops through soil to achieve more economic yields. Of the methods followed soil application is common and efficient for nutrients required in large quantities. However, under some situations crop responds better to foliar application along with blanket doses of fertilizers. Foliar application of urea phosphate (UP), an acidic nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) nutrient fertilizers, along with blanket fertilizer doses can influence the yield as well as nutrient uptake and grain quality characteristics of the crop rice. A field experiment was conducted to study the impact of urea phosphate on yield, nutrient uptake and grain quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in acid Inceptisols of Odisha, India. Different treatments were thus framed to test the hypothesis as T1-control (no nutrient); T2- 50% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF); T3 -75% RDF; T4 -100% RDF; T5 -50% RDF + twice foliar spray (FS) of 1% UP; T6 -50% RDF + twice FS of 2% UP; T7 -75% RDF + twice FS of 1% UP; T8 -75% RDF + twice FS of 2% UP; T9 -100% RDF + twice FS of 1% UP and T10 -100% RDF + twice FS of 2% UP. Growth parameters like plant height (107.60 cm), panicle length (25.72 cm) and number of effective tillers per hill (13.58) were found to be highest in the plots where twice FS of 2% UP along with 100% RDF was applied. The grain (4579.33 kg ha-1) and straw yield (5121.90 kg ha-1) of rice were also observed highest with T10 over T9, where 100% RDF + twice FS of 1% UP was applied. Uptake of nutrients like N (63.45 kg ha-1), P (18.36 kg ha-1 ) and K (96.85 kg ha-1) were found to be numerically higher in T10 where 100% RDF + twice FS of 2% UP was applied. The grain quality parameters of rice like protein content (R² = 0.624), alkali value (R² = 0.622) and amylose content (R² = 0.618) were significantly varied among the treatments.

scholarly journals Effect of Seaweeds on Growth and Yield of Boro Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Madhusri Pramanik ◽  
Dhananjoy Dutta ◽  
Indranil Samui
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Boro Rice

Introduction: Seaweed extract, an organic bio-stimulant has emerged as a promising tool for increasing crop growth and yield without affecting soil health and environment. Aim: i) To study the efficacy of seaweed extract on growth and yield of boro rice ii) To evaluate the nutrients uptake and residual soil fertility under different treatments iii)To assess the economic viability of using the bio-stimulants in rice production. Study Design:  Seven treatments were laid out inrandomized block design with three replications. Place and Duration of the Study: Boro seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18 at Instructional Farm of BCKV, Nadia, under new alluvial zone of West Bengal. Methods: Field experiment was carried out in boro (summer) rice (cv. Satabdi) with seven treatments viz., T1-100% RDF (120:60:60 kg/ha N, P2O5 and K2O), T2-100% RDF+ biozyme liquid @ 2.5ml/l of water (seed soaking), T3-100% RDF + biozyme liquid @ 10ml/l of water (root dipping), T4- 100% RDF+ biozyme granule @15 kg/ha (soil application at 15 and 45 DAT)+ liquid @ 625 ml/ha (foliar spray at 15 and 45 DAT), T5-75% RDF + biozyme liquid, T6-75% RDF+ biozyme granule+ liquid  and T7-75% RDF+ amaze-X granule @ 10kg/ha at 45 DAT + biozymegranule + liquid. Results: Results revealed that the maximum grain yield (4.88 t/ ha) was obtained under T7 followed by T4 and T6, however, the net return (Rs.25576/ha) and benefit-cost ratio (1.51) of T6 treatment gave maximum. Conclusion: It may be concluded that T7 treatment performed best in terms of growth and yield of Boro rice but T6 treatment gave the highest B:C ratio and net income which is supposed to be more economical to the small and marginal farmers. Therefore, integrated use of 75% RDF and biozyme soil & foliar application can be recommended for boro rice under new alluvial zone of West Bengal.

scholarly journals Bioherbicidal Properties of Parthenium hysterophorus, Cleome rutidosperma and Borreria alata Extracts on Selected Crop and Weed Species

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Mst. Motmainna ◽  
Abdul Shukor Juraimi ◽  
Md. Kamal Uddin ◽  
Norhayu Binti Asib ◽  
A. K. M. Mominul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Natural Herbicide ◽  
Cleome Rutidosperma

Natural product-based herbicides could be the effective alternatives to synthetic chemical herbicides for eco-friendly weed management. This research, therefore, was conducted to identify the phytotoxic properties of Parthenium hysterophorus L., Cleome rutidosperma DC. and Borreria alata (Aubl.) DC. with a view to introducing them as a tool for natural herbicide development. The methanol extracts of these plants were examined on the germination and growth of Zea mays L., Oryza sativa L., Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench and Amaranthus gangeticus L., Oryza sativa f. Spontanea Roshev. (Weedy rice), Echinochloa colona (L.) Link., Euphorbia hirta L., and Ageratum conyzoides L. under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. A complete randomized design (CRD) with five replications and randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications were laid out for laboratory and glasshouse experiments, respectively. In the laboratory experiment, three plant extracts of 0, 6.25, 12.5, 50, and 100 g L−1 were tested on survival rate, hypocotyl, and radicle length of eight test plant species. No seed germination of A. conzyoides, E. hirta, and A. gangeticus were recorded when P. hysterophorus extract was applied at 50 g L−1. C. rutidosperma had the same effect on those plants at 100 g L−1. In the glasshouse, similar extracts and concentrations used in the laboratory experiments were sprayed on at the 2–3 leaf stage for grasses and 4–6 for the broadleaf species. Tested plants were less sensitive to C. rutidosperma and B. alata compared to P. hysterophorus extract. Among the weeds and crops, A. conyzoides, E. hirta, A. esculentus and A. gangeticus were mostly inhibited by P. hysterophorus extract at 100 g L−1. Based on these results, P. hysterophorus was the most phytotoxic among the tested plant extracts and could be used for developing a new natural herbicide for green agriculture.

scholarly journals Semiarid bunchgrasses accumulate molybdenum on alkaline copper mine tailings: assessing phytostabilization in the greenhouse

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Antonelli ◽  
Matthew G. Coghill ◽  
Wendy C. Gardner ◽  
Lauchlan H. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Copper Mine ◽  
Copper Mine Tailings ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

AbstractPhytostabilization is the use of plants and soil amendments to physically stabilize and remediate contaminated mine wastes and to control wind and water erosion in semiarid environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate two native bunchgrass species’ (Pseudoroegneria spicata and Festuca campestris) biomass accumulation and metals uptake response to locally available soil amendments (compost, wood ash and wood chips) to determine their suitability for phytostabilization at an alkaline copper mine tailings site in British Columbia, Canada. In the greenhouse, bunchgrasses important as forage for livestock and wildlife were grown in tailings with various ash–compost–wood chip combinations and evaluated using a randomized complete block design with 13 treatments and 10 replicates. Plants were harvested after 90 d, and tissues were analyzed for root and shoot biomass. Tissue samples (n = 3) from three treatment subsets (ash, compost, blend) were selected for elemental analysis. Biomass increased with increasing compost applications, and the response was greatest for P. spicata. Shoot molybdenum exceeded the maximum tolerable level for cattle and was significantly higher when grasses were grown on the ash treatment (183–202 mg kg−1) compared to the others (19.7–58.3 mg kg−1). Translocation and root bioconcentration factors were highest on the ash treatment (2.53–12.5 and 1.75–7.96, respectively) compared to the other treatments (0.41–3.43 and 1.47–4.79, respectively) and indicate that both species are ‘accumulators.’ The findings suggest that these bunchgrasses were not ideal candidates for phytostabilization due to high shoot tissue molybdenum accumulation, but provide important considerations for mine restoration in semiarid grassland systems.

scholarly journals Organic Fertilizer Titonia Plus and Micro Nutrients Improved Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Production in Koto Panjang and Koto Tingga, Padang City, West Sumatera, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Nalwida Rozen ◽  
Gusnidar Gusnidar ◽  
Nurhajati Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
On Farm

A series of on-farm fi eld experiments were conducted in two locations in Padang, Koto Panjang and Koto Tingga, West Sumatera, Indonesia in 2015. The purpose of the experiment was to establish the formula of organic fertilizer derived from Tithonia supplied with micro nutrients, Zn and Mn, on rice. The experiments were conducted using completely-randomized block design with six treatments and three replications. The treatments were P = Tithonia Organic Fertilizer Plus (TOFP) + 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1, Q = TOFP + 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1+ 3.0 kg Zn.ha-1, R = TOFP + 4.5 kg Mn.ha-1 + 6 kg Zn.ha-1, S= TOFP + 4.5 kg Mn.ha-1+ 9 kg Zn.ha-1, T = TOFP only, U = 100% chemical fertilizer only. Treatment with micro nutrients as addition to TOFP (TOFP+ 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1 and TOFP+ 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1+3.0 kg Zn.ha-1) increased rice grain yield by 80 g per clump.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF APPEARANCE RICE (Oryza sativa L.) LOCAL EAST TIMOR AND RICE INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Abilio Tilman Baptista ◽  
Damanhuri ◽  
Nunun Barunawati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
East Timor ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Flowering Date ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Time Of Harvest

Rice is an important commodity for the majority of the population, especially in the continent of Asia use rice as a staple food. The state of Indonesia and East Timor, rice as the main food source that needs continue to increase because in addition to the population continues to grow at a rate of increase of about 2% per year, as well as the change in consumption pattern of the population of non-rice to the rice. Interest characterization and evaluation of the appearance of rice(Oryza Sativa L.) locally Timor Leste and Indonesian rice are getting Local rice genotypes Timorese suitable for cultivated in paddy fields. This research using a randomized block design (RBD) consisted of 9 treatments and 3 replications. The materials used are high-yielding rice varieties namely IR-3 64, Ciherang, Cimelati and 6 local rice genotypes Timor Leste, namely Hare Foam, Fafulu Hare, Hare Bauk Morin, Mean Hare, Hare and Hare Modok Fulan. Results showed that the highest plant length at the age of 10 MST contained in the local rice Hare Bauk Morin(134.67 cm), Number of tillers(40.30) the number of leaves(4.64).Flowering date and time of harvest shortest genotypes present in Morin namely Hare Bauk flowering date (39 days) and time of harvest (105 days). The highest number of panicles contained in Hare Mean genotype, high-yielding varieties IR64, Ciherang and Cimelati. The length of the longest panicle genotypes present in Foam Hare, Hare Hare Fafulu, and Fulan. The number of filled grains per panicle most contained in superior varieties IR64, Ciherang and Cimelati. The highest weight of 1000 grains contained in Cimelati varieties (vu3) with Hare Bauk Morin, IR64 and Cherang varieties. The highest rice yield for local rice genotypes present in Hare Bauk Morin (G3) of 9.79 ton.Ha-1 while yielding varieties there exist varieties Cherang (vu2) of 9.74 ton.Ha-1.

scholarly journals Effect of Foliar Application of Growth Regulators on Vegetative and Physiological Growth Parameters in Ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi L. Sprague)

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Y. Rajasekhara Reddy ◽  
G. Ramanandam ◽  
P. Subbaramamma ◽  
A. V. D. Dorajeerao
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Trachyspermum Ammi ◽  
Number Of Leaves

A field experiment was carried out during rabi season of 2018-2019, at college farm, College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh. The experiment was laidout in a Randomised Block Design with eleven treatments (viz., T1- NAA @ 50 ppm, T2-NAA @ 100 ppm, T3-GA3 @ 50 ppm,  T4-GA3 @ 100 ppm, T5-Thiourea @ 250 ppm, T6-Thiourea @ 500 ppm, T7-28-Homobrassinolide @ 0.1 ppm, T8-28-Homobrassinolide @ 0.2 ppm, T9-Triacontinol @ 2.5 ppm, T10-Triacontinol @ 5 ppm, T11-(Control) Water spray) and three replications. The treatments were imposed at 30 and 45 DAT in the form of foliar spray. Foliar application of GA3@ 100 ppm (T4) had recorded the maximum plant height (108.20 cm), leaf area (9.53 cm2) and leaf area index (0.74). Foliar application of thiourea @ 250 ppm (T5) had recorded the maximum values with respect to number of primary branches (15.03 plant-1), number of secondary branches (83.40 plant-1), plant spread (1793 cm2 plant-1), fresh weight (376.29 g plant-1), dry weight (103.54 g plant-1) and number of leaves plant-1((298.8). The same treatment (T5) had recorded the highest values with respect to crop growth rate (1.44 gm-2d-1), chlorophyll-a (1.40 mg g-1), chlorophyll-b (0.076 mg g-1) and total chlorophyll contents (1.48 mg g-1) in the leaves.

Foliar application of Zn can reduce Cd concentrations in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under field conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (29) ◽  
pp. 29287-29294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
Zun-chang Luo ◽  
Han-hua Zhu ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Field Conditions
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